Summary of the Symposium on the Governance of the Yellow River Basin Speech

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Symposium on the Ecological Protection and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin that the Yellow River ecosystem is an organic whole, and that it is necessary to pay more attention to the systematic, holistic and synergistic nature of the protection and governance. The tenth plenary session of the tenth provincial party committee also pointed out that to establish ? A chessboard? The idea is to promote the construction of major ecological protection, water network system, transportation and energy and industrial system, and to write a colorful chapter of Henan in the Yellow River chorus of the new era.

General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech at a high level, for the Yellow River Basin comprehensive management pointed out the direction, put forward new higher requirements, must be in accordance with the important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the provincial party committee of the spirit of the tenth plenary session of the 10th, to promote the synergistic management of the Yellow River Basin with a systematic thinking. This is not only the construction of a beautiful China to achieve the fundamental requirements of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, but also to enhance the Yellow River Basin ecological and environmental governance system and the modernization of the governance capacity of the reality needs.

Scientific grasp of the characteristics of the Yellow River Basin

As a relatively closed natural geographic unit in space, the Yellow River Basin has its own distinctive characteristics. First of all, the Yellow River basin is the main place of human production and life. It is not only an important resource gathering and dispersing area, but also an important spatial carrier for the sustainable development of the national economy and regional economy, which plays an important role in supporting the survival of human beings and social development. Secondly, the Yellow River Basin is a composite region composed of natural geography and economic and social development. It is a specific region formed by precipitation as the source, water flow as the basis, river as the main line, and watershed as the boundary; and it is an organic whole with human beings taking water resources development as the leading role, natural resources and environment as the basis, sustainable utilization of water resources, ecology and environment as the lifeblood, and economic system and environmental policy as the means of regulation. Finally, the complexity of the management of the Yellow River Basin. The river basin is a complete, independent and highly integrated natural area from the source to the mouth of the river, and its boundaries are different from the traditional division of administrative areas, involving upstream and downstream of the river, the left and right banks and nearby areas. A river passes through different administrative jurisdictions, so that the original has a holistic, related characteristics of the natural space of the watershed by the administrative unit of the split management, showing the fragmentation of the state, often due to their own, each policy, it is difficult to become a joint force.

The above characteristics of the Yellow River Basin, so that the watershed management must be a long-term, complex, arduous systematic project, must be synergistic systematic governance as a breakthrough, to achieve? Ecology, production, life? Coordinated development, harmonious development of man and nature, regional economic and social sustainable development of the governance goals.

Synergistic governance with systems thinking

The Yellow River is an organic whole, the governance of the Yellow River is a complex systematic project. The Yellow River Basin ecological and environmental governance has achieved certain results, but the governance model still has the problem of fragmentation. The problems of the Yellow River basin,? Appearance in the Yellow River, the root in the watershed? To completely solve this problem, we must comply with the natural attributes, respect the laws of nature, and implement a comprehensive and synergistic management of the whole basin.

Do a good job of planning. Planning is the soul of basin development. The ecological protection of the Yellow River involves the systematic management of water security in the basin, especially the need to coordinate the upstream, downstream and downstream of the basin and the relationship between human beings and nature, to enhance the carrying capacity of the resource environment and ecological security, and to improve the Yellow River from the source to the mouth of the land and sea integration, scientific control, and ecological environment restoration and integrated management. However, the Yellow River still lacks macro and global, long-term planning, and all places along the Yellow River emphasize their own interests. Therefore, the Yellow River needs a blueprint for ecological environment protection in the basin, to implement integrated planning and enhance the open linkage effect. To this end, in accordance with the principles of mapping out the bottom line, integrating multiple plans and promoting joint efforts, and based on the various comparative advantages and resource and environmental carrying capacity of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Yellow River Basin Development Plan Outline should be compiled as soon as possible, and the economic layout of the basin should be co-ordinated. In particular, we should stand in the regional coordination and basin system governance point of view, combined with the national overall situation and the characteristics of the Yellow River Basin, grasp the preparation of a number of special plans such as ecological environmental protection, will be along the Yellow River region of urban construction, environmental management, spatial layout, ecological protection, cultural heritage, along the water landscape planning layout, to build a complementary advantages, mutually beneficial **** win the Yellow River Basin development of a new pattern.

Strengthen regional cooperation. The Yellow River Basin water resources and water ecosystem crisis is behind the fragmentation of the management system. From the Yellow River Basin water-related affairs management status quo, the current Yellow River Basin region and departments have not yet established an effective coordination mechanism, resulting in ? Nine dragons rule the water? Situation appeared. At present, China is in the critical period of winning the overall well-off, the future expansion of the economic scale of the provinces and cities along the Yellow River, urbanization, industrialization and agricultural modernization accelerated, the Yellow River Basin governance will form a greater challenge and pressure. Therefore, ? *** together to grasp the great protection and synergistically promote the great governance? not only puts forward new topics of transformation and upgrading for the Yellow River Basin, but also puts forward higher requirements for upstream and downstream and inter-regional synergistic cooperation. This must be the Yellow River Basin as an organic whole, the establishment of multi-level and multi-type regional cooperation mechanism, with a systematic thinking and global height to break the limitations of a section of a shore, coordinated solution to cross-regional major ecological and environmental problems. Can learn from France, Australia and other developed countries basin unified management, integrated treatment of successful experience, for the current China's Yellow River Basin inter-provincial (ministry) coordination and linkage of insufficient mechanism defects, the establishment of the central government-led national departments, local provinces *** with the participation of cross-sectoral, cross-political region of the unified coordination of the management body, to break the current inter-provincial (ministries) of the information silo and information contradictory phenomena, on the flood control and regulation of the basin. Phenomenon, on the basin of flood control and scheduling, water resource allocation, ecological compensation, major construction projects, major investment projects and other matters for consultation, the implementation of democratic and scientific decision-making, to achieve the five fingers at the same time, the good effect of the force.

Realize the complementary development of upstream and downstream. The Yellow River Basin has a large geospatial span, significant differences in climate and geographic features, and an obvious spatial territoriality of the ecological environment manifestation. At the same time, the Yellow River Basin's ecological and environmental governance is intricate and complex, different regions, different stages of development there are different problems, the measures and ways to solve the problem can not be consistent, part of the region to implement ? One city, one policy? From the point of view of the provinces and regions along the Yellow River, there is a clear distinction between the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in terms of economic development dynamics: the upper reaches are relatively backward, the middle reaches are on the rise, and the lower reaches are more developed. This requires full consideration of the differences between the upper, middle and lower reaches and the different requirements of the ecological functions of the main spatial pattern, spatial optimization of the ecological environment pattern of the Yellow River Basin, reasonable delineation of ecological environmental protection zoning, optimization of zoning protection objectives, clear positioning of different sections and functional areas in the upper, middle and lower reaches, and adherence to the ? Non-equilibrium complementary coordinated development? , changing targeted differentiated policies into complementary compatible policies. Specifically, the upper reaches should promote the implementation of a number of major ecological protection, restoration and construction projects, focusing on the Sanjiangyuan, Qilian Mountains, Gannan upper reaches of the Yellow River water conservation area, etc., to enhance the capacity of water conservation, in order to create more ecological products as the core function. The middle reaches should focus on soil and water conservation and pollution control, while the Fenwei Plain, the Hetao Irrigation District and other major grain-producing areas should develop modern agriculture to contribute to guaranteeing national food security. These areas should be centered on ecological and environmental indicators and agricultural development indicators. The downstream Yellow River Delta is the most complete wetland ecosystem in China's warm-temperature zone, and it should be well protected to promote the health of the river ecosystem and improve biodiversity. Thus, the formation of the upstream water conservation, the middle reaches of the soil and water conservation and pollution control, downstream to do a good job of protection of the complementary overall development pattern, more effective implementation of the main functional area strategy, to promote the coordinated development of the regional economy.

Coordinate and promote the systematic governance of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. The mountain water, forest, field, lake and grass is a life **** the same body. Ecology is a unified natural system, is a variety of natural elements interdependent and realize the cycle of the natural chain. The Yellow River Basin to maintain a good ecological environment for the maintenance of China's ecological security, the realization of sustainable development is of great strategic significance. Therefore, to coordinate the systematic management of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, and to solve the key and difficult problems in the protection and management of the ecosystems of the Yellow River Basin, it is necessary to take into account the natural ecological elements of the Yellow River Basin, as well as the hills and mountains, the ground and the underground, and the upstream and downstream of the watershed in accordance with the wholeness of the natural ecology and the systemic nature of the natural ecology, to carry out systematic protection, macroscopic control and comprehensive management, to strengthen the capacity of ecosystem cycling, and to maintain the ecological balance The ecological balance will be maintained. It is necessary to improve the systematic governance and protection management system of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, to modernize the ecosystem governance system and governance capacity to enhance the level of ecosystem health and sustainable development, to improve the ecosystem ecological product supply capacity, and to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a beautiful ecological environment. To be based on the principle of "who benefits, who compensates? Who benefits, who compensates? the principle of "who benefits, who compensates", study the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism for water environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin, through financial transfers and other means, in the treatment of urban sewage, industrial pollution treatment, rural surface pollution treatment, comprehensive treatment of drainage ditches in the Yellow River Irrigation District, etc., to be supported by compensation, and gradually explore the establishment of a systematic, stable and standardized benefit compensation mechanism and policy system, to reduce the arbitrariness of the policy and compensation, and to safeguard the long-term The ecological function and benign economic and social development of the Yellow River basin.