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Boiling is a simple and reliable disinfection method. Soak all items that need to be disinfected.

In water, boil the water, and then cook for 5-30 minutes. Disinfection time can be flexibly controlled according to different disinfection items and purposes, generally about 15-20 minutes.

Common pathogenic bacteria can be killed after boiling for 1-2 minutes. It takes 15-30 minutes to kill hepatitis A or hepatitis B virus. This method is suitable for disinfection of high-temperature and moisture-proof articles, such as children's tableware such as towels, cups and rice bowls, and can be disinfected by boiling.

Pay attention to the following points when disinfecting articles by boiling:

(1) Generally, items to be disinfected should be cleaned first, and then boiled for disinfection. However, articles that infect patients can be disinfected first and then cleaned;

(2) The boiling time should be calculated after the water boils;

(3) In the process of boiling, the boiled water should be soaked in the items to be disinfected from beginning to end, and it should be boiled continuously, and it is not advisable to add new items in the middle.

2. Sunlight exposure method

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Daylight method uses ultraviolet rays in sunlight for disinfection and sterilization. Pathogens such as influenza, whooping cough and measles are quickly killed in direct sunlight.

Germs usually attached to the surface of clothes, bedding and other items can be killed by exposure to the sun for 3-6 hours. Therefore, the sun exposure method requires exposure to the sun for 3-6 hours, and the disinfection effect is the best.

3, ultraviolet irradiation disinfection method

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Ultraviolet lamp can directly irradiate the surface of articles for disinfection, and can also be used for air disinfection. It takes two hours to disinfect a room contaminated by pathogens with an ultraviolet lamp.

Please note when using:

(1) Because the sterilization ability of ultraviolet rays will be weakened after being absorbed by dust, when using this method for disinfection, we must pay attention to the cleanliness of indoor air, and often wipe the ultraviolet lamp tube to keep the surface transparent, thus enhancing the penetration;

② The germicidal efficacy of ultraviolet rays is proportional to the distance, and the closer the distance, the stronger the germicidal ability;

(3) the ultraviolet lamp is best used in unmanned places. If there is someone in the room, pay special attention to protect your eyes and skin from being burned.

This method is suitable for children to play with teaching AIDS, books and pictorial, and to disinfect indoor air. The time and dose of ultraviolet irradiation depend on the disinfection project and the killing of pathogens.

4, high pressure steam sterilization method

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High-pressure steam sterilization is an economical, reliable, rapid and safe sterilization method, which has a wide range of application and ideal disinfection and sterilization effect. Ordinary goods can be wrapped in kraft paper or white cotton cloth and put in a pressure cooker. Under the premise of ensuring that the sterilized items are not damaged, the germs can be completely killed by keeping a certain pressure in the pot for a period of time.

If there is no pressure cooker, you can also use the pot for steaming rice at home for disinfection. After boiling, it can be heated by 100℃ flowing steam for 15-60 minutes, but its disinfection effect is far less than that of autoclave.