according to Schultz, a famous economist, agriculture based entirely on various factors of production used by farmers for generations can be called traditional agriculture. So what is the business model of ecological farm? Below I will solve the business model of ecological farm for you, hoping to help you.
business model of ecological farm
Family farm is a new industrial project encouraged and supported by the No.1 Document of the Central Committee this year, and ecological farm has become a hot spot for people to invest and start businesses. ? Eat farm food, live in a farm house, see farm scenery and do farm work? It has become a huge trend, and ecological farms (leisure agriculture) have entered the blowout era, with an annual growth rate of 31%-51%. Many characteristic family farms built in the early stage are crowded with people every day, full of traffic all year round, hot every year, making more money and making continuous profits. However, there are also many family farms with large investment, low efficiency and even giving up halfway, resulting in economic losses.
in view of the general problems existing in family farms at present, I have 25 years' experience in farm management and am known in the industry as? Farm authority expert? Proposed by Mr. Lan Zhaoyan? Ecological cycle model? It is worth learning from. He believes that:
First, there must be industrial support: that is, ecological farms and family farms are not just eating and playing cards, which is the characteristic of more than 95% of ecological farms in the past, so in winter and spring, business is almost closed, and it is difficult to operate for a long time. The solution is to have its own industrial management, such as deep processing of breeding, planting and greening, and selling its own products all the year round. This is the best mode at present.
second, the industries to be operated should have their own characteristics: for example, the breeding can be used to breed wild animals, the catering is characterized by game, freshness and self-production, and the planting is mainly based on green tree species (which is many times more beneficial than fruit).
Third, the industrial projects should form an ecological cycle, which is efficient and energy-saving. It can not only achieve the best effect in quality and quantity, but also produce the best economic and ecological benefits. At the same time, through ecological cycle and extending the industrial chain, many income channels will be increased. In this respect, Fujian Zhaobao Ecological Farm has done a good job. Its 25-year management and operation experience is very inspiring to everyone. If you are interested, you may wish to visit it.
fourth, the use of ecological farm farming? Planting? Special food? Rural tourism? It is not difficult to declare government support funds and strive for millions of yuan of support funds every year for deep processing of products.
the above model is the best management model of ecological farm at present, which solves a series of problems of product characteristics, quality, quantity, sales, investment benefit and sustainable development.
Development prospect of ecological farm
With the rapid development of social economy and tourism, people are eager to return to nature, hoping to combine life with nature. At the same time, the traditional agricultural development model has been unable to meet the needs of modern society. In this process, an efficient agricultural development model that combines agricultural production, life and ecology has emerged, namely, ecological farm
In China, Ecological farms have only come into people's sight in recent years, but now they have attracted more and more people's attention, and a lot of capital has entered this industry. After several years of exploration and research, at present, a variety of business development models have been formed in China ecological farms, some of which have also achieved high returns, such as Xiaotuanshan vanilla farm, Hongyi ecological farm, Phoenix commune and other well-known farms.
The current level of economic and social development in China provides a broad opportunity for eco-farms to build diversified development models. At present, the mainstream business models are as follows: firstly, eco-tourism, positioning high-end tourism market and developing business and leisure tourism services; secondly, using the natural pollution-free ecological environment of farms to produce high-quality organic food and green food, providing them to high-end restaurants and hotels, and of course, building amusement parks and deepening the development of tourism services.
Eco-farm has a broad market prospect, and social progress provides a rare historical opportunity for its development. As long as we can seize the opportunity and seize the opportunity, we will surely achieve great development in this field.
Basic characteristics of ecological farm
Innovation of economic system
Developing multi-form cooperative stock system based on household contract responsibility system. The problem of decentralized household management is increasingly prominent because the land scale is too small and the benefits are not high, while the cooperative joint-stock system can play the scale benefits. From the perspective of economies of scale, scale management can reduce production costs, increase economic benefits and strengthen the competitiveness of agriculture at home and abroad. With the construction of small towns and the development of secondary and tertiary industries, the low output of traditional agriculture leads to serious idleness of rural land, which provides conditions for large-scale operation. An ecological farm has been formed? Farm owner? Managers? Direct workers? Three-level management pattern. Some farms separate ownership, management and income rights (see table). The cooperative shares are all owned, the division of labor is responsible for the operation, and the dividend income makes the operation glow with new vitality and vitality. This process is a continuous pursuit of Pareto optimality. In terms of land transfer, farmers rent land to farm owners, or buy shares at a discount, and farm owners hire farmers to work. Farmers are both landlords (or shareholders) and workers.
the improvement of thinking concept
the way out is decided by thinking, and the eco-farm takes agricultural tourism as the way out. Agricultural tourism is a new type of eco-tourism, which takes agriculture as the carrier, integrates the functions of leisure and entertainment, tourism and shopping, green consumption, and returning to nature. It is a tourism way that combines production, life and ecology, and it is a new industry. Maslow's theory divides needs into five categories: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect needs and self-realization needs, from lower level to higher level in turn. In addition, there is a need for human beings to return to nature. With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the change of urban living environment and the increase of work pressure, agricultural tourism has strong vitality and development potential. Agricultural tourism also has many practical significance. For example, rural people have been spending money in cities for a long time. In the past, some measures to expand domestic demand also accumulated the rural economy in cities like pumps, widening the gap between urban and rural areas. The development of agricultural tourism can attract urban people to spend in rural areas, and they bring employment opportunities, health habits, scientific and technological knowledge and advanced concepts to rural areas, which is conducive to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Ecological farms are developing agricultural tourism with experiential marketing as a means, people-oriented, agriculture as a feature, and environmental protection, green and health as the connotation.
Breakthrough of operation mode
Eco-farms are market-oriented, grasp market information through multiple channels, and adjust production in time according to the periodic fluctuation of supply with the influence of market regulation. Farms began to establish brand awareness, and the brand was constantly sublimated from entering the consumer's field of vision to the consumer's life, and then to the consumer's belief. Especially now, consumers' demand for agricultural products has changed from food and clothing to health and nutrition. Traditional agriculture is chemical agriculture, and the disorderly use of pesticides and fertilizers makes people talk about the color change of vegetables. Eco-farm is committed to creating green food and organic food on the theme of health. Trace elements neglected by traditional agriculture have become the new selling point of ecological farms on the theme of nutrition. Mineral elements such as zinc, iron, selenium and calcium are the beneficial elements of human body.
take green ecology as the concept
(1) Environment-friendly
Eco-farm involves agricultural tourism, and pays more attention to resources and environment. Due to the overuse of pesticides, fertilizers and agricultural films, all kinds of garbage are discharged, industrial wastewater, waste gas and waste residue enter farmland, and agricultural environmental pollution has become quite serious. All kinds of harmful substances residues not only affect the quality of agricultural products, but also endanger human health. Therefore, the development direction or value orientation of modern agriculture should be ecological. The establishment of ecological farm conforms to some principles of ecological philosophy.
(2) Rational utilization of resources
Circular agriculture is composed of a variety of agricultural organisms, and closed material recycling is carried out. Generated one after another, and used each other? , the conversion and utilization efficiency of agricultural natural resources is relatively high. Ecological farms generally take the road of circular agriculture in production and introduce? Double-stranded A new idea of eco-agriculture is to form an eco-agricultural economic chain by using biological food chain.
The construction of biogas digesters in the ecological farm makes the park free of garbage and feces, effectively controls the feces from entering the surface water body, avoids eutrophication of the water body, and reduces environmental pollution and resource waste caused by burning orange stalks; Some farms have also replaced traditional motor vehicles with environmentally friendly electric vehicles, so that the whole park has no waste gas emission, energy saving and emission reduction; And the establishment of sewage treatment equipment, so that there is no sewage discharge in the park.
With biogas digesters as the hub, a resource recycling system will be built, which will enable the sustainable development of eco-agriculture. Rational use of three-dimensional planting to improve the utilization of light, heat, land and other resources. The resource structure of some ecological farms began from? Green agriculture? Plant, animal? Two dimensions? To? White agriculture? Plants, animals, microorganisms? Three dimensions? Change.
Taking industrialized operation as the goal
Ecological farms began to take industrialized operation as the goal. Gather the resources into a whole, give play to the scale effect, but break the whole into parts in specific projects, and contract responsibility and benefit to people, which greatly exerts people's subjective initiative and produces the greatest overall benefit, and broadens the depth and breadth: (1) Develop in depth, that is, carry out deep processing of agricultural products. China's agricultural product processing industry is still quite backward and has great potential. All farms carry out deep processing and packaging of special agricultural products, which is conducive to the sale and storage of agricultural products. (2) Develop in breadth, that is, diversify. In addition to the traditional planting and breeding, various farms have generally developed fishing centers, fruit tree adoption, land cultivation, homemade bonsai, feeding animals, outdoor training camps, ecological sunshine restaurants, production and sales of flowers and seedlings and other projects.
take local conditions as the principle
Regional characteristics are often unrepeatable, and regional advantages are often good barriers. Especially in the fierce market competition, we can't learn to walk in Handan, and we need to take the road of differentiation. Ecological farms all develop sightseeing agriculture on the principle of adapting to local conditions. As the saying goes, to win with the right, to win with the strange. Ecological farms began to innovate boldly and take the road of creative agriculture under the principle of adapting to local conditions.
Effective management as a means
Effective management is essential to operate an ecological farm. The operators of the farm are generally successful entrepreneurs in industry and commerce, with rich management experience and advanced management knowledge. Try to jump out of agriculture and grasp agriculture, and transform traditional agriculture with the mechanism, means and elements of industrialization. Ecological farms use information technology to effectively manage procurement, production and sales, and vigorously promote standardized production. In terms of human resources, farms generally pay attention to employee training, replacing managers with managers, and treating people as key resources rather than objects of utilization. Work to people, responsibility to people, reward and punishment to people, determine the mission and set goals, and consciously shape corporate culture and build strategic management.
Supported by science and technology
(1) Breeding by science and technology
Ecological farms are based on favorable green food production, local natural and economic conditions, special economic value and market prospects. Scientific seed selection. The balanced fertilization technology with soil testing formula is adopted to reduce the cost and pollution. Using physics and biotechnology to control pests scientifically. Building greenhouses to grow vegetables; Using sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and plastic film to plant fruit trees; Using pipeline hydroponics? Newspaper frame? Three-dimensional cultivation to cultivate flowers. For example, Fujian Zhaobao Ecological Farm takes breeding rare birds as its main industry; Some farms effectively adopt physical control methods such as frequency vibration insecticidal lamp and yellow board in the cultivation of organic rice, and some adopt biological methods such as rice and crab breeding to control pests.
(2) Mechanization
Agricultural mechanization is conducive to improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity; Conducive to alleviating drought and flood disasters; Conducive to promoting the transformation of growth mode; Conducive to improving market competitiveness; Is conducive to reducing production costs and increasing benefits. Developed countries in the world have fully realized mechanization in all aspects of agricultural production, thus greatly improving the level of agricultural modernization. With the development of China's economy, the cost of China's labor force is rising gradually, and mechanization is the only way. And scale management also laid the foundation for realizing agricultural mechanization. The farms are gradually realizing the mechanical operations including seed selection, seedling raising, ploughing, sowing, fertilization, weeding, irrigation, harvesting, threshing, drying, storage, processing, packaging, transportation, epidemic prevention, cleaning, disinfection, hatching, brooding, slaughtering and so on, from planting to dining table.
(3) Informatization
Agricultural production is a living social production activity carried out in the open air on the earth's surface. It has the basic characteristics of production dispersion, time variability, sudden disasters and market variability, which are difficult for people to master and control with conventional technology. This is the reason why agricultural production has been in a passive position for a long time. The application of agricultural information technology has a special function in overcoming the above-mentioned basic difficulties in agricultural production and changing or partially changing the passive situation in agricultural production. Provide crop growth, water and fertilizer status and diseases and insect pests in time through remote sensing (RS); Through the geographic information system (GIS) can be put forward? Implementation plan? . Through the Global Positioning System (GPS+GIS), this integrated system can be installed on agricultural machinery to realize the automatic command and control of farmland operations. Eco-farms began to apply information technology as a basic technology to all aspects of agricultural production, thus realizing the precise management of agricultural production process. On the basis of agricultural resources and environment analysis technology, the informationization of resources and environment, production and management, means of production and product market will be gradually realized through 3S combined with computer and network technology.
backed by quality service
Because eco-farms involve tourism, all farms are backed by providing quality services. Terminal service is the life door of the brand, and the service is reflected in the details. Eco-farm standardizes and standardizes the service, and strives to transform the intangible service into tangible details that consumers can understand, and emphasizes people-oriented, discovering the demand (or even creating the demand) and meeting the demand. Let visitors in the beautiful mountains, water, fields, gardens, forests and flowers in the overall layout, in a typical? Front shop and back garden? In the business pattern, we are close to nature in modern eating, living, traveling, playing and shopping. Some farms have also adopted the membership system to provide thoughtful and meticulous services to their members.