198 1 Graduated from the History Department of the Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, with a master's degree in the history of Chinese-foreign relations. 1986- 1988, visiting scholar at the University of Leuven, Belgium. 1990- 199 1, visiting scholar at Fei Zhengqing Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University. Social part-time jobs include: member of the eighth CPPCC in Fujian Province, deputy director of the CPPCC Literature and History Committee, and executive director of the Fujian Overseas Students Association.