Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth, Qiaojia County: qi m \ O JiāXiàn Administrative District Category: County jurisdiction: Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, China Province: Xinhua Town, Zu Mao Township, Dongping Township, Xindian Township * * Resident: Baihetan Town Telephone Area Code: 0870 Postal Code: 654600 Area: 3245 square kilometers Population: 540,000 (20 14) Dialect: Southwest Mandarin Climate. Land resources, mineral resources, biological resources, light and heat resources, hydropower resources, wind energy resources, population, economy, general situation, primary industry, secondary industry, tertiary industry, society, education, health, radio and television, transportation, tourism, historical evolution The sixth year of the Western Han Dynasty (before 135) was established. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up three counties, which belonged to Langyue County. Langxian County was established in the Eastern Han Dynasty as a captain of a country. The Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms was Tanglang County, belonging to Zhuti County of Yizhou. From the Western Jin Dynasty to Nanliang, it is the land of Tanglang County in Ningzhou. The Northern Dynasties belonged to Nanning. During the reign of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, he was the general political department of Nanning; Daye was the land of the East during the years. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Xingjun County was located, and Nanzhao in the Tang Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Tuodong Festival. Dali Kingdom in Song Dynasty was located in Wumeng, Dongchuan County.
Yuan is under the jurisdiction of Dongchuan Road. During the period of Yuan Xianzong, there were thousands of families on the lakeshore. In the 15th year of Yuan Dynasty (1278), Dongchuan Military and Civilian Mansion was established, and in the 28th year (129 1), it was upgraded to Dongchuan Road. In the 11th year of Zhiyuan (1274), Dengzhou, Zhouchuan, Zhaozhou and Yaozhou were established. In the 21st year of Zhiyuan (1284), the military and civilian propaganda department of Wusha Wumeng was set up, and in the 24th year of Zhiyuan (1287), it was changed to Wan Hu House where Wusha Wumeng Xuanwei commanded the army, and Dongchuan Road belonged to it. In the 28th year of Zhiyuan (129 1), Deng, Sichuan and four provinces entered Dongchuan Road. In the fourth year of Dade (1300), it was located in Du Zi County, and later belonged to Wusha County. Ming is under the jurisdiction of Dongchuan Prefecture. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), Dongchuan Road was changed to Dongchuan House, which belonged to Yunnan Chief Secretary. In the seventeenth year of Hongwu (1384), Dongchuan Military and Civilian Mansion was changed to Sichuan Chief Secretary. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (1388), it was abolished, and in the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu (1393), Dongchuan military and civilian mansion was restored, and it was moved from Maanshan in the southwest of the mansion to Wannanshan.
In the early Qing dynasty, it was a military and civilian residence in Dongchuan, belonging to Sichuan Province. In April of the 4th year of Yongzheng (1726), Dongchuan Military and Civilian Mansion, which belongs to Sichuan Province, was transferred to Yunnan Province and renamed Dongchuan Mansion. In July of the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), Huize County was located in Qiaojiaxun, belonging to Dongchuan Prefecture. In April of the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), Huize County moved to Fucheng. In July of the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), Dongchuan House belonged to Yidong Road (governing Qujing House). In the 16th year of Jiaqing (18 1 1), in March, Qiao's Fuyifu was established in the original Huize County (later renamed Qiao's Guild Hall) and belonged to Dongchuan House. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Qiaojiatang was changed to Qiaojiajun, belonging to Yunnan Middle Road. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Cai Dao was directly under the province. In the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), it belonged to the first administrative supervision area (in Zhaotong County).
1950, Qiaojia County belongs to Zhaotong area. 1970 Zhaotong area was changed to Zhaotong area, and Qiaojia County belonged to Zhaotong area. In August, 200 1 year, Zhaotong was established, and Qiaojia County was subordinate to Zhaotong City.
1997, Qiaojia County governs 1 town and 18 townships: Xinhua Town, Hongshan Township, Dongping Township, Zu Mao Township, Dazhai Township, Xiaohe Township, Liuhe Township, Xindian Township, Qiaojiaying Township, Buckwheat Township, Baogu Township, Laodian Township and Qianchang Township. The county government is located in Xinhua Town.
In 200 1 year, Qiaojia County administered 1 town and 18 townships: Xinhua Town, Dazhai Township, Xiaohe Township, Mashu Township, Zu Mao Township, Dongping Township, Hongshan Township, Liuhe Township, Xindian Township, Qiaojiaying Township, Buckwheat Township, Baogu Township and Lead Factory.
In 2002, Xiaohe Township and Qiaomaidi Township were withdrawn from their townships to set up towns (approved by the province on August 20, 2002); Mashu Township and Dazhai Township are set as towns (approved by the province on September 8, 2002). At the end of 2002, Qiaojia County administered 19 townships and 180 village committees.
In 2003, Qiaomaidi Town was renamed Yaoshan Town (approved by the province on March 20, 2003).
In 2006, Qiaojiaying Township and Xinhua Town were abolished and Baihetan Town was established. The newly established Baihetan Town belongs to the former Qiaojiaying Township and Xinhua Town, and the town is located in the former Xinhua Town. Cancel aluminum factory township and old shop township, set up old shop town, and set up new old shop town. As of 20 17, the county has jurisdiction over 16 towns such as Baihetan, Yaoshan, Dazhai, Zu Mao, Dongping, Xiaohe, Xindian, Laodian, Mashu, Chongxi, Mongolia and Jintang, and 12 towns such as Hongshan, Baogunao and Furnace Room. There are 36 community neighborhood committees, 47 villagers' committees/kloc-0, 2823 villagers' groups and 806 residents' groups. Geographical environment Qiaojia County is located in the northeast of Yunnan Province and southwest of Zhaotong City, with geographical coordinates of 26 32 ′ ~ 27 25 ′ north latitude and102 52 ′ ~103 26 ′ east longitude. Qiaojia County borders Huize County in Qujing City in the east, Dongchuan District in Kunming City in the south, Huidong, Ningnan, Butuo and Jinyang County in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province in the west across the Jinsha River, and Zhaoyang District and Ludian County in Zhaotong City across the Niulan River in the north, which is located in the hinterland of Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. The county covers an area of 3,245 square kilometers, with a width of 57 kilometers from east to west and a length of 98 kilometers from north to south. Baihetan Town, the resident of Qiaojia County, is 268km away from Kunming, the provincial capital, Zhaotong 15 1 km away from Xichang169km away from Sichuan. Qiaojia County Geomorphology Qiaojia County is one of the most complicated counties in Yunnan Province. Qiaojia terrain is mainly mountainous, and the mountainous area accounts for 98.9% of the total area of the county. Jinsha River circulates in the northwest of the county, and Niulan River lingers in the northeast of the county. The terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. It belongs to plateau mountain structure, and the surface is cut deeply by rivers. The mountains are high and the valleys are deep, and the terrain is very different. Qiaojia County, with the lowest elevation of 517m, is located at the intersection of Jinsha River and Niulan River. The highest altitude is 404 1 m, which is located at the top of Yaoshan Mountain. Climate experts are located in the deep zone of Yunnan-Guizhou low-latitude plateau and Jinsha River valley, with large altitude difference and complex terrain, which constitutes a typical mountain climate feature. Summer is controlled by the southeast ocean monsoon, with the same season of rain and heat. Winter and spring are controlled by the polar continental monsoon, with dry and cool seasons. The annual average temperature is 2 1.0℃, and the annual average rainfall is 822.7mm: in rainy season (May-65438+1October), the annual average is 736.5mm, accounting for 89.5% of the annual rainfall. In dry season (11-April), the average annual precipitation is 86.2 mm, accounting for 10.5% of the annual precipitation. The annual evaporation is 2529.3 mm, and the domestic solar radiation is strong, with an average annual radiation of 135.5 kcal/cm2; When the annual average sunshine hours are 2 134.2, the sunshine rate is 65%-80%, and the effective accumulated temperature is 7646.7℃-8264℃. The hottest month in the county appears in July, with an annual average temperature of 26.8℃, and the most Leng Yue appears in 1 month, with an annual average temperature of 12.3℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 44.4℃ (appearing on June 3, 20 14) and the minimum temperature is-0.4℃ (1February 8, 977). Due to the great difference in altitude and three-dimensional temperature difference, a three-dimensional climate feature of "one mountain is divided into four seasons and ten miles are different" has been formed. The lowest elevation in the territory is 600 meters (the submerged line of Xiluodu Hydropower Station reservoir area), the highest elevation is 404 1 m (Yaoshanding), and the height difference is 344 1 m.. Vertical three-dimensional climate features are obvious, covering all climate types from south subtropical zone to cold temperate zone. Qiaojia belongs to the subtropical and temperate plateau three-dimensional climate, which is controlled by the southeast ocean monsoon in summer, with the same season of rain and heat; Winter and spring are controlled by the polar continental monsoon, with dry and cool seasons. The annual average temperature is 2 1. 1℃, the frost-free period is more than 347 days, and the annual average rainfall is 801.2mm.: Domestic solar radiation is strong, with an average annual radiation of 135.5 kcal/cm2; When the annual average sunshine hours are 2297.4, the sunshine rate is 60%-80%, and the effective accumulated temperature is 7646.7℃-8264℃. Natural resources Land resources soils mainly include red soil, yellow brown soil, brown soil, dark brown soil and subalpine meadow soil. The fertile land is suitable for the growth of many crops and fruits. By the end of 20 16, the total land area of Qiaojia County was 3 19684. 1 hectare, and the agricultural land area was 223,226.98 hectares, accounting for 69.83% of the total land area. The construction land area is 93 1 1.95 hectares, accounting for 2.91%of the total land area; The unused land area is 87 145. 17 hectares, accounting for 27.26% of the total land area. The county's cultivated land area is 74,780.03 hectares, including paddy field and irrigated land area of 325 1.37 hectares. Because of the special geological structure and metallogenic environment, mineral resources experts are one of the important mineral resources rich areas in Yunnan Province. At present, 35 kinds of minerals have been discovered and 18 kinds of minerals have been proved. Among them, lead, zinc, aluminum and copper have large reserves and high grade, and there are associated minerals such as cadmium, germanium, gallium, indium and silver. At present, the proven reserves of mineral resources are mainly lead-zinc mines with more than 6.5438+500,000 tons, bauxite mines with 5 million tons and 38 copper mines. Non-metallic minerals include gypsum, limestone, barite, Iceland spar, fluorite, granite, rare earth, phosphorus lump, etc. , excellent quality, large reserves, including gypsum reserves of 300 million tons, limestone more than 654.38+000 billion tons. Biological Resources Qiaojia County has a forestland area of 2.67 million mu, forest coverage rate of 48% (including shrubs), and the total standing stock is 5 1 17060 m3. Qiaojia County is rich in wildlife resources. There are 4 classes of terrestrial wildlife, including amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, 365,438+0 orders, 264 species in 83 families, 65,438+065,438+0 orders, 69 families and 65,438+0639 species of vascular plants. There are national first-class protected plants such as Pinus bungeana, Davidia involucrata and Cycas Panzhihua, and there are national first-class protected wild animals such as leopard, black-necked crane and red-bellied pheasant. The lowest elevation of light and heat resources in China is 600 meters, and the annual average temperature in the areas below the elevation of 1200 meters in Jinsha River and Niulan River basins is 2 1.0℃, and the cultivated land area is 250,000 mu, with low humidity and large evaporation, rich light and heat resources, strong radiation, long frost-free period, obvious three-dimensional climate and diverse climate resources. The hottest month appears in July, with the annual average temperature of 26.8℃, the extreme maximum temperature of 44.4℃, the annual average sunshine hours of 2 134.2 hours, and the highest in March of 249. 1 hour. The lowest in September is 120. 1 hour. Deeply influenced by Jinsha River Valley and Yaoshan Mountain Peak, hydropower resources have formed a high altitude and low valley topography, with abundant runoff, large hydraulic gradient and abundant water resources. The planned installed capacity of Baihetan Hydropower Station under construction is160,000 kilowatts, and the developed installed capacity of hydropower station is 376,000 kilowatts. Rivers in the county belong to the first and second tributaries of Jinsha River, and the main transit rivers are Jinsha River, Niulan River and Yili River. There are 20 rivers in the county with a total flow of 359 kilometers. The county's total water resources are 65.438+0.57 billion cubic meters, including surface water resources of 65.438+0.364 billion cubic meters and groundwater resources of 534 million cubic meters. The exploitable water resources are 654.38+0.06 billion cubic meters, accounting for 64.06% of the total water resources. 654.38 billion cubic meters of water resources have been developed and utilized, accounting for 9.94% of the exploitable water resources. However, due to the uneven distribution of water resources in space and the restriction of county topography, it is difficult to develop and utilize water resources. The per capita water resources in the county are 284 1 m3, which is lower than the provincial level. The utilization rate of development is only 18.5%, of which the irrigation water for rural production accounts for 6.7% of the county's total water resources, the domestic water for rural use accounts for 0.37% of the county's total water resources, the water for power generation accounts for1.12%, and the water for industrial and mining enterprises accounts for 0.2 1%. Wind energy resources Zhaotong City can develop wind energy resources of 1.7 million kilowatts, and Qiaojia owns about 1 1 10,000 kilowatts. At present, the county has signed six wind power enterprises, with a planned total installed capacity of 788,500 kilowatts and an estimated total investment of 7.8 billion yuan. Among them, four projects have been completed and put into operation, namely Laishi Mountain in Chongxi Town, Dachong Cave in Laodian Town, Sangushui in Laodian Town and Xiyangtang Phase I Wind Farm in Yaoshan Town; Two construction projects, Xinchanggou and Bahai Wind Farm in Chongxi Town, have been approved. Construction is expected to start in March 20 17, and the first unit will be connected to the grid for power generation in August 20 17. Nine projects to be built were not approved, namely Majiagou, Xiyangtang Phase II, Xiaomidi, Jiangjunshu, Huamuliangzi, Mashu, Baogunao Township, Laodian and Mongolia Jintang Wind Farm. Population: 2,065,438+By the end of 2003, the total number of households in Qiaojia County was 2 1. 1.3 million, and the total population was 59 1 10,000, of which the agricultural population was 486,500. At the end of 20 16, the total population of the county was 612,354, which was 9,569 more than that at the end of 20 15, with an increase of 1.56%. Among them, the urban population is 68,547 and the rural population is 543,807. There were 4,223 births and 4,445 deaths, with a negative growth of 222. The sex ratio at birth is1:1.65,438+09. Economic Overview In 20 13 years, Qiaojia County achieved a regional GDP of 4,668.33 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.2% (calculated at comparable prices, the same below). Among them, the added value of the primary industry reached183.283 million yuan, an increase of 7.6%; The added value of the secondary industry was1469.46 million yuan, up by 15.5%, of which the industrial added value was 962.09 million yuan, up by10.8%, and the construction added value was 507.37 million yuan, up by 60 1%. The added value of the tertiary industry reached 65.438+0.36604 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%. The proportion of tertiary industry structure is 39.26:3 1.48:29.26. Per capita GDP was 89 10 yuan, an increase of 9.6% over the previous year. The added value of the non-public sector of the economy reached 2010.28 million yuan, accounting for 43. 1% of Qiaojia County's GDP, down 0.7 percentage points from the same period last year. The gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Qiaojia County, the primary industry, is 308,026,5438+10,000 yuan, which is 8% higher than that of the previous year at comparable prices, including: the output value of planting1274,680 yuan, which is 4.8% higher than that of the previous year; The forestry output value was 93.76 million yuan, up 65.438+02.3% year-on-year; The output value of animal husbandry was 6.5438+0.65482 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 654.38+0.4%; The fishery output value was 4.69 million yuan, up 7.1%year on year; The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 52.26 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.7%. In 20 13, the grain planting area was 54,509 hectares, an increase of 648 hectares, an increase of 1.2% over the previous year, of which the potato area was 20,294 hectares, an increase of 455 hectares and an increase of 2.3%; The area of flue-cured tobacco was 2005 hectares, an increase of 40 hectares or 2.0%; The sugarcane area is 402 hectares, a decrease of 407 hectares or 50.3%; In 20 13, the total grain output reached 244,758 tons, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year. Oil production 1 175 tons, up by 0.2%; The output of sugarcane was 23,449 tons, down by 54%; The output of flue-cured tobacco was 4350 tons, an increase of 0.5%; The vegetable output was 206,245 tons, an increase of 8.4%; The output of horticultural fruits was 6,208 tons, up by 0.3%. In 20 16, the county planted 8 14900 mu of grain crops, achieving a total grain output of 26 1000 tons, making it a major grain-producing county in China. In 20 16, the number of livestock and poultry in the county increased steadily, with large livestock (horses) 1006200, including 84 cows17500 and 5995438 pigs+06600 (including 54 sows10500). The slaughter of livestock and poultry increased steadily, with 27,520 large livestock, including 25,065 beef cattle, 895,654 fat pigs, 65,438 mutton sheep and 0/65,438 poultry. The output of livestock products increased significantly, with the total output of meat and eggs reaching 99,683.9 tons, including 3,258.5 tons of beef, 877 19.8 tons of pork, 3,494.9 tons of mutton, 24 10.8 tons of poultry meat and 2,800 tons of poultry eggs. The total output value (current price) is 65.438+93 million yuan. It's pigs transferred from big counties. 20 16 farming area18,500 mu, the output of aquatic products is 4,600 tons, with an output value of 73.6 million yuan. By the end of 20 16, the planting area of walnuts in the county was 835 1000 mu, the output was 16883 tons, and the output value was 472.72 million yuan. The planting area of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is 300,000 mu, the output is 4,465 tons, and the output value is 383.93 million yuan. In 20 16, the county planted 25,900 mu of flue-cured tobacco, with a purchase volume of 70,000 tons and 2 164 households, with an average tobacco planting area of 1 1.97 mu, achieving an average purchase price of 27.06 yuan/kg (excluding subsidies), and high-grade tobacco accounted for. The total purchase price is 99,934,600 yuan (including: the total sales value of tobacco leaves is 94,765,438 yuan+various subsidies are 5,224,600 yuan), and the average income from tobacco planting is 4,665,438 yuan+0.80 5 yuan. Tobacco tax revenue is 20.84 million yuan. The mulberry garden in the county covers an area of 95,000 mu, and the production area is 55,000 mu. There are more than 20,000 sericulture households, young silkworm eggs 1 190, 20 1500 silkworms, 438+06 and fresh cocoons 1720 tons. The development of the second industry, Qiaojia Industry, began in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, mainly focusing on indigenous papermaking, sugar pressing, textile, brewing, metal processing and so on. Small scale and simple equipment. After the founding of New China, after more than half a century's efforts, the industry has been gradually developed. In 20 13 years, the industrial added value was 962.09 million yuan, an increase of1.8% over the previous year at comparable prices; In 20 13, the total output value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 747.7 million yuan, down by 2 1%, of which: the total output value of light industry was149.42 million yuan, down by 20.6%; The total output value of heavy industry was 598.28 million yuan, an increase of 65438 0.9%. By the end of 20 16, there were 2 industrial enterprises 102 in the county, including 9 industrial enterprises whose main business income was more than 20 million yuan, accounting for 8.8%. In 20 16, the proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries was 37.9︰25.4︰36.7, of which the industrial added value was 4 1 100 million yuan, accounting for only 7.4% of GDP. In 20 13 years, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in Qiaojia County reached 109838 million yuan, an increase of 13.9% over the previous year. By sales area, the retail sales of consumer goods above the county level was 680.99 million yuan, an increase of12.8%; The retail sales of consumer goods below the county level was 417.39 million yuan, an increase of 15.7%. By industry, the retail sales of wholesale and retail were 934.96 million yuan, up by14.3%; The retail sales of catering industry was 6,543.8+060.62 million yuan, an increase of 654.38+02.9%; The retail sales of accommodation industry was 2.8 million yuan, down by 3 1.9%. Among the total retail sales of social consumer goods, the retail sales of other economies were 104573 million yuan, an increase of 13.9%. By the end of 20 16, there were 482 * * * commercial circulation enterprises in the county, of which only 16 were enterprises above designated size, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods in the county was1497.88 million yuan, of which 312010 million yuan was above designated size. Social Education Qiaojia County has 248 primary schools, 20 junior high schools, 2 senior high schools and/or vocational middle schools in 20 14. In 20 13, the number of students in ordinary middle schools in Qiaojia County was 282 14, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year, the number of students in vocational middle schools 1268, a decrease of 59.6%, and the number of students in primary schools1person, a decrease of 3.4%. In 20 16, there were 292 schools of all levels and types in the county, including 2 ordinary high schools, 2 complete middle schools 1 school (Qiaosan Middle School), 8 junior middle schools 12, 8 nine-year compulsory education schools, 2 county-level complete primary schools and 165438 township central schools. Vocational middle schools, teacher training schools and special education schools 1, 5 public kindergartens (including 4 township central kindergartens), 8 private kindergartens and 2 private education and training institutions. In 20 16, there were 99,390 students in various schools in the county (preschool children 108 16, including private students 1705; Primary school 5 1 158 students; There are 27 166 students in junior high school; 8,548 people in ordinary high schools; Vocational middle school 1589 students; Special education 1 13 people). The school in the county covers an area of 1.5498 million square meters, with a per capita area of 1.59 square meters, with a total construction area of 596,700 square meters and a per capita construction area of 6 square meters. There are 4,827 teaching and administrative staff in the county (3 kindergarten teachers 13, including private teachers 196, 2,504 primary schools, 502 junior schools 1400 high schools, 75 vocational schools, 3 continuing education schools 1 3 and 20 special education schools). There are 83 primary schools, 8 middle schools, Siyuan School 1), and the reconstruction area is16.130,000 square meters. In 20 16 years, the enrollment rate of children in this county was 66.95% one year before school and 15.34% three years before school. The enrollment rate of school-age children is 99.2 1%, and the consolidation rate is101.08%. The gross enrollment rate of junior high school is 99.55%, and the consolidation rate is 94.1%; The gross enrollment rate of senior high school is 42.3%, the online rate of college entrance examination is 88.62%, and the consolidation rate of compulsory education is 80.02%. At the end of 20 13, there were 2 15 health institutions in Qiaojia County, with beds 148 1 piece, and 658 professional health technicians, including 265,438 practicing doctors and assistant practicing doctors. By the end of 20 13, the coverage rate of broadcast population was 89.4% and that of TV population was 97.79%. At the end of the year, there were 73 employees in Qiaojia County, 25,662 employees in medical insurance and 765 employees in unemployment insurance. By the end of 20 13, of the 2,548 kilometers of traffic mileage in Qiaojia County, the second-class highway 135 kilometers, accounting for 5.3% of the total mileage, and the highway below grade 413 kilometers, accounting for 94.7% of the total mileage. By the end of 20 16, the county's highways were 24 1 0.38km, including 2 national highways135.47km (Qiaomeng second-class highway and Zhaoqiao second-class highway) and provincial highways131. The county road 12 is 706.63km, the country road 1 17 is 1437. 14km, and the highway coverage rate is 74.28km/ 100km2. Geqiao Expressway started construction. There are no high-grade highways and railways in the county, and the highway grade is low, and the traffic development is lagging behind. There is a national nature reserve Yaoshan in Qiaojia County. After the completion of Baihetan giant power station, there is a landscape of Gaoxia Pinghu; There are also Jinsha River rafting, Jinsha River Grand Canyon, Xianren Cave, Laishi Mountain grassland and 10,000 mu of wild rhododendron on Dabai Road, Niulanjiang Grand Canyon and Xiaohe Miao's Huashan Festival, Yi's Torch Festival and ecological wetlands inhabited by black-necked cranes.