According to a report published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), one-third of the food consumed by human beings globally each year, i.e., 1.3 billion tons, is lost or wasted, and the total amount of food lost each year is equivalent to half of the world's food production, with fruits, vegetables, and root and tuberous foods having the highest waste rate. According to the report, waste is just as high in rich countries as in underdeveloped regions, with 670 million tons of food wasted annually in developed countries and 630 million tons in developing countries. Although the number of consumers in Europe and North America is obviously much smaller, food waste in rich countries is alarming according to the number of inhabitants, with 95 to 115 kilograms of food wasted per consumer per year in Europe and North America, and only 6 to 11 kilograms wasted by consumers in sub-Saharan Africa, South and South-East Asia, with the food wasted in rich countries being equal to all of sub-Saharan Africa's food production in sub-Saharan Africa. The report notes that in developing countries, the causes of food waste are largely attributed to the lack of infrastructure and poor technology in food production systems. In rich countries, on the other hand, waste is attributed to hypermarkets and consumers, where strict date limits and quality standards for product appearance are the root causes of rampant waste, coupled with mall promotions that incentivize consumers to buy more