Since the beginning of this year, due to the rapid economic recovery, there has been a serious shortage of work in some coastal areas. Just after the Spring Festival, there was a large-scale labor shortage in the eastern coastal areas, and the gap in the Pearl River Delta exceeded 2 million. Some netizens pointed out that the shortage of migrant workers is actually a shortage of rights and systems. Some people think that the "lack of work" in the Pearl River Delta is only a superficial phenomenon. In essence, the Pearl River Delta is not a "lack of work", but a "foresight" of enterprises. Since the beginning of this year, due to the rapid economic recovery, there has been a serious shortage of work in some coastal areas. Among them, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other cities in the Pearl River Delta region have more than 2 million workers, and some production lines have been discontinued. Enterprises have raised wages and lowered academic qualifications and age restrictions, hoping to alleviate the labor shortage. In Dongguan, which is known as the "world factory" and has more than 5 million migrant workers, there is a shortage of1100,000 jobs. (Wuhan Evening News February 2 1) Although this kind of report is not news, I still think this kind of report is needed by the current society. Because only when the density of this warning report becomes larger can we arouse the height and width reflection of our society. The reason why I can't find a job at present seems to be the slow pace of salary increase, but the fundamental reason is the long-term fermentation of work discrimination in our society. Raising wages for workers, creating labor fairness and restoring the dignity of front-line workers is one aspect, but it has not yet reached the core of solving the phenomenon of lack of work. According to one data, in 2006, the average annual salary of the three major automobile workers in the United States exceeded $65,438+$4,000, and the average annual salary of American professors in the same year was $92,900. Although some people criticize this as putting the cart before the horse, it shows that in American manufacturing, workers are widely affirmed by social values. In 2008, the average wage of industrial workers in China was only one fiftieth of that of Japanese workers. During the 30 years when Japan's economy grew from 65,438+0,950 to 65,438+0,980, the income of workers increased rapidly, from less than 65,438+00% of that of Americans to almost the same as that of Americans. In the past 30 years, China's economy has experienced several setbacks in GDP and fiscal revenue, but the annual salary increase of workers has so far been less than 65,438+00% of the income of American workers. The reason is that our society lacks a sense of respect for frontline workers. The economic development model of some coastal areas stays in thick lines and straight lines. The instinctive management consciousness is to depress labor costs. In the world division of labor, these seemingly inland economically developed places have long been in the low-level processing chain. A complete and soulful enterprise form does not exist, it is more like a production workshop in the world factory where only the sound of hammers can be heard. In this workshop, there are few technical innovation, brand promotion, intellectual property rights and sales terminals. What is even more worrying is that not only hundreds of millions of migrant workers are confused about their survival and labor value, but also the fate of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises and even front-line workers in monopoly state-owned enterprises is gradually falling into a trough. Therefore, the general lack of jobs in coastal areas is not only an economic problem, but also a national consciousness problem. It is a habitual indifference to let a small number of people divide up the labor cake of most people indefinitely, and it is even more necessary to create a fairer and more reasonable social problem. Related news: Enterprises chase after the commander of migrant workers and demand that many provinces restrict the source of labor export: Just after the Spring Festival of China Economic Net, there is a large-scale labor shortage in the eastern coastal areas, and the gap in the Pearl River Delta exceeds 2 million. Southern enterprises have rushed to Henan to "grab people", which has also put a lot of pressure on local enterprises to employ workers. Some local enterprises, in order to retain skilled workers, gave their employees a salary increase as early as years ago. It is understood that not only Henan enterprises, but also some government departments in other provinces have issued special documents to limit the outflow of labor to meet the employment needs of local enterprises. Phenomenon: After the Spring Festival, some migrant workers are still worried about their jobs, but they don't know that the coastal areas are suffering from labor shortage. According to the Wuhan Evening News, the demand for employment in Shenzhen has returned to the level before the financial crisis, and the manufacturing industry needs a large number of ordinary workers. Due to the difficulty in recruiting workers, many enterprises have relaxed the recruitment age to 45. Even so, many companies still can't recruit people. Guangzhou is expected to be short of 6.5438+0.5 million workers. Especially in the catering industry, there are 1 job seekers and nearly five corresponding positions to choose from. The lack of work in Dongguan is more serious. This year, Zhitong Talent, the largest talent market in Dongguan, held the first job fair after the festival. More than 200 companies came in to recruit and provided more than 4,000 jobs, but only attracted more than 2,000 people. Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangxi Beibu Gulf are all short of people to varying degrees. Zhang Quanshou, commander of migrant workers, was deeply touched by these news. Yesterday, Zhang Quanshou told reporters on the phone that not only coastal areas, but also many cities in the central and western regions began to lack people. Zhang Quanshou proudly said that many employers can't recruit people now, and important people are waiting in line at his door. Countermeasures: Other provinces have begun to restrict labor export. Due to the large employment gap, many coastal cities began to raise the minimum wage in an attempt to attract migrant workers. A person from Shenzhen Human Resources and Social Security Bureau said that Shenzhen will raise the minimum wage this year. According to the survey data, 70% people think that the minimum wage in Shenzhen should be set at 1500 yuan to 2000 yuan. A person in charge of the human resources market in Henan province said that due to economic development, many central and western provinces have also begun to experience labor shortages, and some provinces have introduced policies to limit the outflow of labor. He said that although the labor force in Henan Province is abundant, with the development of economy, the growth rate of labor force exported to foreign countries has not increased at a high speed. In view of the labor shortage in the south, some local labor-intensive enterprises in Henan have also begun to take measures to deal with it. Liu Lina, general manager of Henan Yishengyuan Food Co., Ltd. said that in order to retain employees, they had given their employees a salary increase years ago, with an average increase of about 10%. Manager Zhang of a garment manufacturing enterprise in Zhengzhou said that now, they are also facing the problem of recruiting workers, especially skilled workers. Manager Zhang said that just after the Spring Festival, they were busy contacting the human resources market and talent centers to recruit people and posting advertisements in crowded places. Manager Zhang said frankly that under the current recruitment pressure, they are also considering ways to appropriately raise workers' wages in order to retain skilled workers and avoid employment difficulties. The reason: Behind the "shortage of migrant workers" is actually the "shortage of migrant workers' rights and interests" Source: Yangcheng Evening News Author: One must not misunderstand the warning of "shortage of migrant workers" as the government can give up its active employment policy. On the contrary, the shortage of labor force is due to institutional constraints, not completely free flow. The shortage of migrant workers is actually a shortage of migrant workers' rights, and the shortage of migrant workers is actually a shortage of rights and systems. There is a saying of "lewis turning point" in economics, which means the critical point from infinite supply to labor shortage. Half a century ago, American economist Lewis founded the "dual economic development model", pointing out that the initial conditions of industrialization in developing economies are capital scarcity and labor surplus. In the process of industrialization, the industrial sector will continue to absorb rural surplus labor, and the wage level does not depend on the supply and demand of labor, but on the income level of farmers. When industrialization absorbs all the surplus labor, the wage level depends on the marginal productivity of labor-if wages and benefits are not improved and working conditions are not improved, the needed labor will not be employed. In short, before "lewis turning point", people were looking for jobs, and there would be a steady supply of labor without raising wages; After the "Lewis turning point", people were asked to work, and they couldn't find suitable employees without a raise. After the Spring Festival, there has been a serious shortage of work in both coastal areas and inland areas. Among them, the employment gap in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong reached 2 million. There are about120 thousand migrant workers who go out to work all the year round, and there is also a "shortage of migrant workers" in Anhui, a populous province. Some experts pointed out that the' demographic dividend' of China's economic development is drying up, the shortage of labor force is becoming a common phenomenon in the mainland, and traditional labor-intensive industries will lose their advantages at an accelerated pace. Does this mean that there is a "lewis turning point" in China? (February 2 1, Wuhan Evening News, New Express) As early as 2007, a report of China Academy of Social Sciences warned that China's labor force was changing from surplus to shortage, and the turning point would appear during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, and the exact time might be in 2009. At that time, the "difficulty in recruiting workers" from the Pearl River Delta to the Yangtze River Delta also provided partial verification for this view. Unexpectedly, the international financial crisis broke out, the external demand shrank, the export processing industry contracted, and a large number of migrant workers were forced to return home. Some institutions predict that the employment gap will reach tens of millions. At this time, the theory of "Lewis turning point" seems to have been broken. However, with the strong economic rebound, the overall situation of "ensuring growth" has been set, and the "labor shortage" has surfaced again, which may spread from coastal areas to inland provinces. In fact, if the emergence of "lewis turning point" is not mechanically set at a certain point in time, but regarded as a process, then the economic crisis and other factors may advance or postpone the emergence of "turning point"; Then, it is basically in line with the facts to judge that there is or will be a "lewis turning point" in China. The "shortage of migrant workers" in a big province of migrant workers can be regarded as a wake-up call for "lewis turning point" in the labor market. For this warning, enterprises and migrant workers who trade in the labor market respond sensitively and quickly. For example, Guangde Development Zone in Anhui Province, "the wage level here is basically the same as that in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the treatment is not bad"; Enterprises in the development zone play pop music to young workers who go to work; A new generation of migrant workers choose to work in their hometown; Wait a minute. However, government officials and experts outside the market must not misunderstand this warning. "Labor shortage" does not mean that traditional labor-intensive industries will lose their advantages at an accelerated pace. Not to mention that the wage level of China's manufacturing industry is less than one tenth of that of the United States, and the relative price advantage of the labor force will not be lost immediately; There is no doubt that the total labor force in China is huge, and it will still be 970 million by 2030, which is even larger than the current total. By then, the labor force will account for about 67% of the country's total population, still higher than most developed countries. Therefore, although Cai Fang, director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, asserts that "lewis turning point" has emerged, he still believes that "China's advantage in labor supply will be maintained for a long time". China has the largest employment group in the world, and employment is the biggest livelihood. The warning of "shortage of migrant workers" must not be misunderstood as the government can give up its active employment policy. On the contrary, the shortage of labor force is not completely free to flow because of institutional constraints. The shortage of migrant workers is actually a shortage of migrant workers' rights, and the shortage of migrant workers is actually a shortage of rights and systems. The government should take the "shortage of migrant workers" as an opportunity and motivation to improve the labor market, reform the tax system, household registration management system and social security system, and provide public products such as schooling and vocational skills education for migrant workers' children; Instead of shifting government responsibility to enterprises by amending laws and other means. The shortage of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta has taught entrepreneurs a warning lesson. Source: China Entrepreneur Author: Yang Jinxi Since the beginning of this year, due to the rapid economic recovery, there has been a serious labor shortage in both coastal areas and inland areas. Among them, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other cities in the Pearl River Delta region have more than 2 million workers, and some production lines have stopped production. Enterprises have raised wages and lowered academic qualifications and age restrictions, hoping to alleviate the labor shortage. On February 2 1, Wuhan Evening News reported that there were 230 million migrant workers in China. There are a large number of surplus laborers in rural areas of China, and many farmers need to leave the land and move to cities to find jobs. Why are Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other cities in the Pearl River Delta seriously short of work this year? The author believes that the "lack of work" in the Pearl River Delta is only a superficial phenomenon. In essence, the Pearl River Delta is not "short of work", what is lacking is the "foresight" of enterprises. In order to make money, migrant workers leave their homes and go out to work. So, where there is more money, they will flock to it. If the income from going out to work is lower than that from farming, they will naturally choose to go home to farm. Migrant workers working in the Pearl River Delta will naturally choose to leave if their income is too low. As early as the Spring Festival this year, members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in Dongguan suggested that the minimum wage in Dongguan should be adjusted from 770 yuan to 900~ 1000 yuan. The reason is that if the minimum wage remains unchanged, migrants will gradually flow to other cities. In fact, even if Dongguan adjusts the current minimum wage standard 770 yuan to 900~ 1000 yuan, it will be difficult to retain migrant workers. After deducting rent, meals and daily necessities, there are not many migrant workers left. Come naked, go naked. Which migrant worker wants to work in Dongguan? The immediate "lack of work" is a punishment for the short-sighted behavior of enterprises that only care about immediate interests! Forward-looking enterprises should adhere to the principle of treating diseases and retaining people. The "labor shortage" in the Pearl River Delta also presents a noteworthy feature, that is, due to the adjustment of industrial structure, many enterprises in Dongguan are transforming from labor-intensive to technical, which makes the demand for skilled workers soar. The reality is that many enterprises only pay attention to working hours to make employees work hard, but seldom pay attention to technical training after work. Forward-looking enterprises should see the general trend of industrial structure adjustment, increase investment in technical personnel reserves and improve their self-hematopoietic ability. Those enterprises that "cram for the Buddha's feet" will not get good development. The "lack of work" in the Pearl River Delta also shows us that some enterprises lack care and sincere treatment for their employees. Due to the serious shortage of work, it has become a common practice for many enterprises in Dongguan to delay paying wages for one month in order to retain their old employees. Even before the Spring Festival, some enterprises put off paying their wages for two months until after the Spring Festival. This may temporarily retain employees, but it is difficult to retain employees' hearts. Employees will fire their bosses at the first opportunity. The "lack of work" in the Pearl River Delta has given some enterprises a warning lesson. Solution: To solve the holiday labor shortage, we need to use the "policy to retain people" Source: China Broadcasting Network, China Broadcasting Network, Beijing, February 22 nd With the economic recovery, the employment demand in Shenzhen has returned to the level before the financial crisis. Among them, the manufacturing industry in Shenzhen needs a large number of ordinary workers, and the monthly salary is basically 1.700 to 1.800 yuan (including overtime). Moreover, enterprises have relaxed employment standards, and migrant workers under 45 can also find jobs in Shenzhen. In this regard, Voice of China special commentator Wang Jian made the following comments. Wang Jian: After the holiday, there was another labor shortage in the Pearl River Delta. In fact, it happens more or less every year after the Spring Festival. Last year, the situation was a bit special. Last year was the year with the deepest impact of the financial crisis. Many enterprises are in a state of shutdown or semi-shutdown, and the demand for labor is not so great. Of course, when we looked back last year, there was no surging army entering the city. There are several reasons for the labor shortage every year, and the most important one is seasonal factors. The word "going home for the New Year" has a very important emotional factor in the hearts of China people, especially in rural areas. Many places can't start work until the fifteenth day of the first month, and some rarely go out to work throughout the first month, so the labor shortage will last for a short time. Last year, the Central Economic Work Conference and the Central Rural Work Conference both mentioned three very important words: urbanization. Some people say that urbanization has a great influence on the future pattern of China's economy. I want to say that the urbanization of China will have a great impact on the economic trend and pattern of the whole world. How to solve the repeated labor shortage in some areas of our country year after year, I think it is essentially a problem of how to solve urbanization. Just now, there was a close-up, saying that people with feelings should be kept and rewarded. This is true. On the one hand, can retaining people with feelings be comparable to the feelings of migrant workers for their hometown and homeland? Can it be compared with the yearning of migrant workers for their families? No matter how good the treatment is, migrant workers will not go home for the New Year this year. Can you ask them not to go home for the New Year next year and the year after? I don't think it's possible. So I want to add a policy to keep people behind feelings and treatment. How to make migrant workers stay in the city, take charge of the city and have feelings for their families must be solved through policy, and it is also related to whether the overall process of urbanization is smooth. Just now, it was reported that we introduced the transfer and connection method of endowment insurance last year. This is how to solve the problems of migrant workers' medical insurance, children's household registration and schooling, and the direction is right. We know that farmers in China have feelings for their hometown. Migrant workers went to work in cities, cutting off contact with the land. In fact, it takes a lot of courage. Our policy should make migrant workers feel hopeful, and their courage will be rewarded and supported, so that the process of urbanization will be smoother. Promote the "citizenization" of migrant workers and solve the "labor shortage" Source: New Express Since the beginning of this year, due to the rapid economic recovery, there has been a serious labor shortage in coastal and inland areas. Among them, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and other cities in the Pearl River Delta region have more than 2 million workers, and some production lines have stopped production. Enterprises have raised wages and lowered restrictions such as academic qualifications and age, hoping to alleviate the "labor shortage". Faced with the fierce "labor shortage", enterprises may achieve temporary results by taking measures to improve treatment and lower the threshold, but they cannot fundamentally solve the problem. In our view, the fundamental way to solve the shortage of migrant workers is to promote the citizenization of migrant workers. "The shortage of migrant workers is the shortage of migrant workers. The number of migrant workers has reached about10.50 billion, which has made indelible contributions to China's economic, social and urban development. They are eager to integrate into the city and enjoy urban civilization. However, many cities still regard migrant workers as passers-by and implement "economic acceptance and social exclusion". In terms of identity, most enterprises have not regarded farmers as stable industrial workers, and cities have not opened their minds and regarded them as real citizens. In terms of rights and interests, compared with urban industrial workers, they do not enjoy due political, economic and social treatment and are at the bottom of society in cities. They undertake the most tiring, bitter, dirty and dangerous jobs in the city, but they get the lowest wages. The rights and interests of migrant workers have not been well implemented. Take pension insurance and medical insurance as examples. Although China's laws clearly stipulate that enterprises should pay social insurance such as pension and medical care for all employees, including migrant workers, in reality most migrant workers are outside social security. For cities, migrant workers are just rootless duckweeds. The lack of rights and interests, the confusion of identity, the pressure of life and the "migratory bird" life have made some migrant workers who are physically and mentally exhausted choose to flee. The root cause of the "shortage of migrant workers" is that migrant workers lack a sense of belonging to the city, their rights and interests are not guaranteed, and they are confused about the future and make the choice of "fleeing from the city" with their own steps. The emergence of "shortage of migrant workers" has impacted the old management model of migrant workers, indicating that development at the expense of migrant workers' interests is unsustainable and unworkable. Especially the emergence of the new generation of migrant workers, their demand for rights is stronger and their legal awareness is stronger. They can't stand working day and night with extremely low wages and working overtime in bad working conditions. In order to stop the "shortage of migrant workers", we can only promote the "citizenization" of migrant workers and make them the real masters of the city. This year, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee proposed to "focus on solving the problem of the new generation of migrant workers", which was the first time that the Central Committee used the term "new generation of migrant workers" and conveyed the central government's concern for the second generation of migrant workers. Undoubtedly, the requirements of the "new generation of migrant workers" for cities are no longer limited to the primary living conditions, but more about the pursuit of their own rights. This requires the adjustment of China's urban management policies as soon as possible, deepening the reform of the household registration system and providing the necessary conditions for migrant workers to integrate into cities and towns. At the same time, it is necessary to effectively improve the political, economic and social treatment of migrant workers, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and let them "live decently" in cities like citizens. [Source: Zhujiang Evening News]