Xie Daowen:
Chen Jun was born in Yangxia (now Taikang, Henan). The year of birth and death is unknown. The daughter of Anxi General Xie Yi and the wife of Wang Ningzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, Xie Daowen is smart, intelligent and eloquent. When it was snowing at home, my uncle Xie An called his sons and nephews to discuss the meaning. Suddenly, it snowed. Ann asked, "What are the snows like?" Xie Lang, nephew of An, replied, "It's a bad idea to sprinkle salt in the air." Tao Lu replied, "If catkins are not due to the wind." Xie An was greatly praised. This famous snow-chanting sentence is well known. Later generations called women's literary talents "chanting talents".
On another occasion, Wang Ningzhi's younger brother Wang Xianzhi talked with the guests, and his words would bend. He said that he would take part in the discussion behind the green silk barrier, and the guests could not bend. She has a lofty charm, and Xie An called her "elegant and profound". At that time, people commented that she had a loose look and an atmosphere under the forest. Her poem "Mountaineering" wrote: "The mountains in the east are high, and the beauty is extremely blue. The middle of the rock is empty, and the loneliness is mysterious. If you don't work, you will be a craftsman. " Describing the scene of Dongyue is quite natural. "San Yong Song in Quasi-Ji Zhong" still has metaphysical habits, showing the evolution from "Zhuang Lao excused himself" to "landscape prescription".
Xie Daowen's original collection of poems, odes, eulogies and eulogies has been lost in two volumes. Today, there are 1 articles and 2 poems, including Yan Kejun's All Ancient Three Generations, Three Kingdoms, Six Dynasties, Qin and Han Dynasties and Qi Qinli's The First Qin and Han Dynasties, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Xie Daowen's Ode to Mount Tai:
E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E,
the middle of the rock is empty, and loneliness is mysterious.
if you don't work or reinvent yourself, the cloud structure will be natural.
what is the image of the vessel? That's why I moved it again and again.
if you die, you will stay at home in Siyu, and you can spend all your days.
in the fifth chapter of Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions, there is a saying: "It's a pity to stop working, and it's a pity to praise talents. Jade belts are hung in the forest and buried in the snow. " Among them, "Xu Xu Cai" uses the story of Xie Daowen, a talented woman in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. According to the biography of Wang Ningzhi's wife Xie in the Book of Jin: "Xie Daowen, Wang Ningzhi's wife, is smart and eloquent. When the snow suddenly falls, Uncle Xie An says,' What do you want?' Brother An Zi Lang said,' The difference between sprinkling salt and air can be simulated.' Tao Lu said,' If catkins are not caused by the wind.' An Dayue, the public promised it. "Later generations often praise women who are good at poetry and writing as" chanting talents ". It's a pity that Xie Daowen's masterpiece of singing snow has no words. Although this poem "Ode to Mount Tai" is not as famous as her poems about snow, it also shows its literary talent. Poems on Mount Tai were magnificent from the beginning. The towering Mount Tai stands in the east of China, facing away from Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue and Songshan Mountain in Zhongyue, so it is called Dongyue. The author describes it as majestic and magnificent, towering into the sky, and the word "Chong" in the second sentence is extremely vivid and dynamic, describing the momentum of Mount Tai winding up and piercing the sky. Then four sentences describe the landscape in the mountains, and the "space" of "empty space among rocks" is separated to show the scenery between the sky and the clouds and cliffs. "Cloud structure" refers to the cave in the mountain, and the sentence "no work, no craftsman", the author praised the merits of nature. These four sentences describe the beautiful scenery of Mount Tai, but the author did not paint it in detail. He only praised "loneliness is mysterious" and "clouds are natural", which seems to be simple and unpretentious. Who knows, this is the highest standard of aesthetic evaluation of Tu literati in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. According to Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu, people's articles in Wei and Jin Dynasties emphasized "quietness", "abstinence" and "natural beauty". At that time, the poetic style also advocated the metaphysical victory of quality. The ideological basis of this simple aesthetic view is the knowledge of Laozi and Zhuangzi. For example, in Zhuangzi Tiandao, it is said: "The husband is empty, quiet, indifferent and lonely, and everything is the foundation ... simple and the world can't compete with it for beauty." In "Deliberate Articles", he also said: "The man who is empty, quiet, indifferent and lonely is the foundation of this world and the quality of morality. Indifferent and infinite, and everyone is beautiful. " In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the study of Laozi and Zhuangzi was widely popular among the gentry, which not only became the yardstick of people and things, but also became the criterion of poetry aesthetics. Therefore, Xie Daowen praised Mount Tai for its loneliness, silence, seclusion and naturalness, which seems to be indifferent, but in essence expressed the author's highest praise for Mount Tai, including the author's incomparable admiration for the majestic Dongyue.
When a talented woman is at the top of the mountain, she also triggers her own sense of life experience. "What is the image of the instrument, which makes me move again and again." Because of the emotional scene, the author questioned the fate of the times, why she was repeatedly exiled. Xie Daowen's life has been difficult to study in detail, and these two sentences are not general. According to the biography of the Book of Jin, Wang Ningzhi, a Taoist priest, and all the other scholars were killed by Sun En, a disorderly minister, and it is not difficult to infer that they have suffered from bereavement and displacement since then. However, the author did not come down to the lament of self-injury. "If you die, you will stay in Siyu, and you can do your best." Facing the majestic Mount Tai, the poet expresses the hope of being in the mountains and rivers, enjoying the years and melting the limited life into the infinite beauty.
In ancient China, most of the poems written by famous ladies were known for their femininity, and they turned to delicacy to win. However, Xie Daowen's Poem Ode to Mount Tai was full of masculinity. A talented woman is generous and generous, and she doesn't want a man. The biography of the Book of Jin is "graceful" and "loose-looking, with an atmosphere under the forest." This poem can be seen.
Xie Daowen's
Eight Poems on History Written by Mo Ke. Xie Daowen
Time: Song Author: Pu Shoubi
At that time, there were no better poems on snow.
elegant people are profound, and they embroider their mouths with their hearts.
it's hard to make a difference, and painting a tiger fears a dog.
in the Jin dynasty, Wang and Xie took the place of Ying, and the imperial court relied on them as pillars. There is a saying that "the king and the horse * * * the world", and there is a saying that "at the beginning of sweet-scented osmanthus in Shanyin Road, Xie Wang was in a romantic mood." And "in the old days, Wang Xie-tang died and flew into the homes of ordinary people" also described the vicissitudes of personnel, which made people feel deeply.
Xie Daowen is the daughter of Xie Yi, the general of Anxi, and her family demeanor is fully revealed in her. When she grew up, she married Wang Ningzhi, the second son of Wang Xizhi, and it was a story.
The story of Wang Xizhi is "going to bed topless". Chi Jian, a teacher, sent his master to the Prime Minister Wang Dao's mansion to propose marriage for his daughters. For Wang's children, it was a rare opportunity to get married, and one by one, he was arrogant and posturing. Only Wang Xizhi didn't care about lying on the east window bed, but Chi Jian chose this young lang who was "naked in the east bed", thus leaving it for future generations.
Wang Xizhi's wife gave birth to seven sons and one daughter, all of whom became celebrities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Xizhi is known as "the sage of books" for his calligraphy, and his son, Wang Xianzhi, passed on his mantle. Although his skill is slightly inferior to his father's, he is also quite true, and later generations are collectively called "two kings".
Uncle Xie Daowen was a rock-solid Xie An in the Jin regime in the Middle East during the "Battle of Feishui". At the beginning of Jin Shi's eastward journey, Xie An and Wang Xizhi lived in Huiji with beautiful scenery, enjoying the mountains and water, drinking wine and writing poems, releasing their feelings and sending misty clouds. Among Xie's children, Xie An seems to particularly appreciate the intelligence and talent of his niece Xie Daowen. One day Xie An asked her, "What's the best poem by Mao?" Xie Daowen replied: "Ji Fu recites, as silent as the breeze." Ji Fu was Yin Jifu, the sage of the Zhou Dynasty. "Ji Fu's recitation" refers to the poem "Cheng Min's Poem" written by Yin Jifu, which praises Zhou Xuanwang's noble scholar Zhong Shanfu and helps Zhou Xuanwang achieve the rule of Zhongxing. Poetry is clear and beautiful, and it will last forever. Xie An felt the same way and praised Xie Daowen for his elegance. Another time, in the cold winter when the north wind roared and snowflakes were falling, a family gathered around the stove to chat. Xie An asked everyone, "What is it like to have heavy snow?" Xie Lang should track: "The air difference of salt sprinkling can be simulated." Xie Daowen went on to say: "If catkins are not due to the wind." Xie An gave her a high five, so she made up her mind to find a good husband for her.
The ideal object for choosing a husband for a niece is of course the son of the Wangs. Wang Huizhi, the eldest son of Wang Xizhi, who was originally quite interested, stood out from the crowd. But one thing about Wang Huizhi made Xie An give up the idea. On a snowy night, Wang Huizhi was drinking alone. Suddenly, he longed to meet his old friend Dai Ding, so he immediately went boating and carved a stream. When he was depressed halfway, he immediately sailed back to the house. When asked, someone replied, "Come on a whim, go away with it, why bother!" Xie An thought that he was probably not the kind of person who always carried out, so he chose his younger brother Wang Ningzhi.