The Pearl River is the mother river of Guangdong, which has nurtured thousands of sons and daughters of South Guangdong. Since 1980s, with the rapid development of economy, the Pearl River, like many big rivers in China, is destined to be polluted at high speed. Garbage floats on the river, and the river is black, smelly and greasy. Swimming in the Pearl River has long been a good memory of "old Guangzhou".
In recent years, the Guangzhou Municipal Government has made up its mind to invest huge sums of money to renovate the Pearl River, which has improved the water quality of the Pearl River day by day and basically eliminated the black odor phenomenon. This achievement is obvious to all. However, an unavoidable fact is that the Pearl River, which is neither black nor smelly, does not mean that people can swim.
According to the surface water environmental quality standard of China government, only more than three kinds of water quality are suitable for human swimming. According to the monitoring data of Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau, in 2005, the Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River reached the fourth class water quality in seven months, and it belonged to the fifth class water quality in April and June (5438+065438+ 10), while the water quality in June (5438+0), February and March was worse than the fifth class water quality. In other words, the monitoring data of authoritative departments show that the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River has not yet reached the water quality standard suitable for human swimming.
_______________________________________________________________________
Guangdong is the most economically developed province in the Pearl River Basin, and it is also the province that discharges the most pollutants into the Pearl River. Last year, Guangdong's GDP accounted for 79.64% of the total GDP in the Pearl River Basin. According to reports, the water quality of rivers entering Guangdong has basically reached more than three categories, but after entering the Pearl River Delta, some rivers are inferior to five categories.
_______________________________________________________________________
Only 30 years ago, the Pearl River was a good place for citizens to swim. But since the 1980s, the creatures in the river have gradually disappeared, and the river is black, smelly and greasy. The "water vein" in the city has been cut off gradually-now it is difficult for us to find a decent river in the inner city, and even several rivers are blocked under the concrete slab because of the stench. The intimate contact between man and water is ruthlessly blocked. The Pearl River is called our "mother river", but we have been unable to embrace this mother for many years.
How to Have a Clean Pearl River: The Third "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour"
2006-04-07 People's Daily-South China News Online Edition
One river is clear and the river is full of competition (data picture)
Environmental volunteers and local residents unveiled a monument at the source of the Pearl River to celebrate.
Photo by Zhang Guohui
When does the Pearl River flow to the sea?
A few days ago, the third "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour" organized by Guangdong Provincial Tourism Bureau, Guangzhou Banton Automobile Club and other units assembled more than 40 environmental protection volunteers from Hong Kong, Guangdong, Sichuan and other places to form a self-driving motorcade, starting from Guangzhou, entering Guangxi, passing through Guizhou to Yunnan, and reaching Maxiong Mountain, Zhanyi County, Qujing City, the source of the Pearl River, with a driving distance of nearly 5,000 kilometers. The purpose of this activity is to publicize the environmental protection of the Pearl River, the mother river, and to mobilize the public to participate in the renovation and protection of the Pearl River with the emotional bond of "thinking about drinking water sources" and donate money for education. The people in the depths of the mountains admire: Wan Li's "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour" is a propaganda team; Environmental volunteers sighed deeply: We have a long way to go to have a clean Pearl River.
Sharing environmental protection from the source
A clear and unrestrained flowing water flows out of the mountain stream and gathers into a pool of hundreds of square meters, singing all the way to Nanpanjiang, Beipanjiang and Niulanjiang. A drop of water from the Three Rivers begins in Maxiong Mountain. The three red characters "Pearl River Source" above the stone wall of Shuitan stand out against the sunshine and green branches. Is this the source of the Pearl River that everyone has come here to admire? People suddenly cheered, and everyone couldn't help it.
On the morning of March 22nd 1 1, the motorcade arrived at Maxiong Mountain, Zhanyi County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province. Zhanyi County held a grand welcoming ceremony for environmental protection volunteers. Meng Jinghua, deputy secretary of the county party committee, said with deep feelings: I live at the head of the river and you live at the end of the river. Environmental protection closely links our hearts, and * * * closely links our hearts with the will to develop. He told reporters: In order to protect the source of the Pearl River, Zhanyi County established the Pearl River Source Nature Reserve at 1985. The villagers moved out of the reserve and the polluted enterprises and streams were cleaned up. Environmental protection and sightseeing complement each other. 1998, Zhanyi County was rated as 4A-level scenic spot by National Tourism Administration. Nowadays, 10 square kilometers of scenic spots, beautiful scenery, birds and flowers, has become a shared environmental protection achievement.
As if to prove Meng Jinghua's words, azaleas and camellias were in full bloom along the way when the environmental protection team played in the scenic spot at the source of the Pearl River. According to reports, the species of azaleas at the source of the Pearl River account for more than one-sixth of the species of azaleas in China, and azaleas and camellias in scenic spots are particularly gorgeous when they are in full bloom. This is undoubtedly an unexpected surprise for environmental volunteers who come from afar. Living in the city for a long time, this sharing is particularly touching in the clean flowers of The Source of the Pearl River.
The meaning of "head" and "tail" docking
At the source of the Pearl River, environmental protection is people's conscious action, and it also releases people's deep complex.
At 9 o'clock in the morning of March 23rd, a group of elderly self-driving volunteers from Kunming got in touch with the "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour" team as scheduled, and the two environmental protection teams quickly met at the source of the Pearl River, realizing the interactive docking of "leading" and "longwei" environmental protection self-driving cars.
This docking is quite meaningful. The elderly environmental protection volunteers from Kunming are all retired people, the oldest is 73 years old, while the youngest environmental protection volunteer from Guangdong is only two years old. After the welcoming ceremony, these old people and environmentalists from all walks of life from afar immediately launched a series of environmental publicity activities such as taking water from the source of the Pearl River and donating source protection forests. Green trees and silver hair set each other off, and the feelings are profound.
At the donation ceremony of planting and conservation forest held at noon 1, the members of "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Bank" couldn't attend to lunch, so you queued up to donate at 100. In the donation team, Liu Yangchuan, a two-year-old child, is particularly eye-catching. His mother held him in line to donate money, and his chubby little hand put the money in the donation box. Chuanzi's father Liu Fulai told reporters that he 15 years old went from Sichuan to Guangzhou, and now his catering industry has developed to a certain scale, in the past 16. He said that he started and developed in Guangdong by drinking Pearl River water, and he usually pays special attention to environmental protection in the Pearl River. This time, the whole family specially arranged time to participate in this large-scale theme activity. Liu Fulai also told reporters that today is his and his son's birthday. Thinking about drinking water and thinking about the source has realized a long-cherished wish, and also cultivated children's feelings and environmental awareness of the Pearl River, which is very memorable. Liu Fulai's introduction attracted reporters from the local news media to hold high "long guns and short guns" and keep shooting this "little messenger of environmental protection".
There are many topics about environmental protection in the Pearl River.
The Pearl River is one of the seven rivers in China, and its water volume is second only to that of the Yangtze River. The Pearl River Basin covers an area of 442,654,38+0,000 square kilometers in China and 65,438+0.654,38+0,000 square kilometers in Viet Nam. After the source of the Pearl River rises from Maxiong Mountain at an altitude of 2 158 meters, the main stream flows through Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces and flows into the South China Sea. This time, it passed through the main stream or tributaries of the Pearl River such as Gui Jiang, Beipanjiang, Liujiang, Hongshui, Nanpanjiang, Youjiang, Yongjiang and Xijiang. What I saw and heard along the way, the topic of environmental protection in the Pearl River is endless.
Generally speaking, industrial pollution and soil erosion are two major environmental problems in the Pearl River. The hardest hit areas of water pollution are cities and surrounding areas. In areas above medium-sized cities along the way, there is little clear water in the river; Pollution in areas where enterprises are concentrated is more serious. With the development and construction, especially the construction of expressway, railways and bridges, the construction units are no longer satisfied with soil and water conservation and vegetation protection. In some construction sites, quarries and coal mining areas deep in the mountains, mud and stone accumulation and mountain exposure are common, and black smoke is emitted from time to time in the mountains. Some areas along the Beipanjiang River washed coal on the river, and the river turned black.
Environmental protection and management are so important. On March 2 1, when the motorcade passed a contract section of the expressway project from Zhenning to Shengjingguan, Panxian County, Guizhou Province, the brake pads of the pilot car were scalding, and the driver Xiao Yong went to a farmer's house on the roadside to get water to wash the car. When he went to carry the second bucket of water, the landlord was full of reluctance. When asked, it turned out that the road construction team dug at will on the mountain, cutting off water for local farmers, and the people could only carry water on the mountain two kilometers away. The old man also said that there is a tributary under the hillside that flows into Nanpanjiang. When it rains, the mud and stones on the mountain collapse into the river, but no one cares.
Environment makes economy.
It is true that the environment is also a productive force. The car left Guiyang and entered expressway, where the mountains are green, the cauliflower is yellow, and the beautiful colors on both sides are like walking through a painting. Zhou, deputy general manager of Guizhou Huangguoshu Tourism Group Co., Ltd. told reporters that as a world natural heritage, Huangguoshu Waterfall Scenic Area and its surrounding areas have been getting better and better in environmental protection in recent years, and the number of tourists is increasing day by day. She cited a figure: the number of tourists in this year's Spring Festival Golden Week is six times that of last year. According to the law that 1 yuan tourism income can boost the income of related industries in 3 yuan, the economic income here has soared.
The unique natural scenery and humanistic environment are also cash cows in Yunnan. Qujing City, where the source of the Pearl River is located, is not rich in water resources, and the average annual precipitation is only1000 mm. As can be seen from the mountains in Qujing, many rocks are exposed due to karst landform, and the water storage capacity is not strong. However, in order to ensure the long-term flow of clean water at the source of the Pearl River, Zhanyi County has set up a nature reserve here, built a reservoir near the scenic spot, and implemented a number of environmental protection projects such as natural forest protection, returning farmland to forests, Pearl River shelterbelt construction and rural energy construction, with outstanding results. In the past seven years, the county * * * has completed artificial afforestation149,000 mu, closed hillsides for afforestation of 399,000 mu, with a forest coverage rate of 45.5%, including 57.5% in Zhanyi section of the Pearl River Basin. According to Meng Jinghua, with the start of Pan-Pearl River cooperation and the improvement of environmental protection effect, the tourism income of the Pearl River source scenic spot has doubled in recent years, which not only attracts tourists from Hong Kong, Macao and the Pearl River Delta region to travel to the source, but also attracts a steady stream of investors and enthusiastic people from all sides to donate money to build schools and help students. The economic development of Zhanyi County is real.
When will you return a river to clean it up?
Development is the last word, and scientific development is the theme of the times. The Pearl River Environmental Protection Line, where it passes, is coming with the construction scene of seeking development and rapid development. How to synchronize development with environmental protection and avoid detours of exchanging environment for development is a lesson from the past.
Environmental protection is also the scenery seen along the way, especially some important river banks, shelter forest construction areas and slogans of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation can be seen everywhere. Qinglong County, Guizhou Province has also delineated the "key control area" of soil and water conservation along the Nanpanjiang River, and erected a monument to mark it, which is very solemn. At the source of the Pearl River, you can see four meaningful inscriptions carved on the stone walls on both sides of the cave: "long history", "homology", "source of western water" and "thinking about the source of drinking water". They are the inscriptions of the former leaders of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces, expressing the common aspiration of the people in the Pearl River Basin-* * * to drink a river and * * * to protect a river.
"The purpose of organizing this activity is to personally promote the environmental protection concept of the Pearl River and let the Pearl River return to the clean stream as soon as possible." Yuan, the general manager of Guangzhou Banton Automobile Club and the main planner and organizer of the "9+2" Pearl River environmental protection tour, told the reporter with emotion. Three years ago, Yuan, who has been devoted to go on road trip, came up with the idea of integrating environmental protection into go on road trip after crossing the source and main stream of the Pearl River many times, hoping that go on road trip could make a contribution to the environmental protection of the Pearl River. The Pearl River Environmental Protection Bank, which was organized for the first time in 2003, had a warm response in the society. Yuan was deeply encouraged and decided to organize it once a year in March.
A trickle makes a river. "9+2" Pearl River Environmental Protection Bank is only a trickle in the Pearl River environmental protection. If the trickle meets, will it be far for clear water to return to the Pearl River?
Pan-pearl theory
It is the responsibility to own the Pearl River.
Article 3 "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour" route
There is a saying to the effect that if all the tears converge into a river, it is not a clean Pearl River. This statement is a bit exaggerated, but it has a strong rhetorical effect. Love the Pearl River, pay attention to environmental protection, and don't let future generations cry.
Owning the Pearl River means owning pride. The Pearl River is the mother river. As one of the seven major rivers in China, it runs through the southwest and south China, and breeds splendid Pearl River culture and Pearl River basin civilization. The start of Pan-Pearl River cooperation has added impetus to the process of modern civilization in the Pearl River and injected a torrent of development into the Pearl River. Owning the Pearl River makes you more responsible. Protecting the Pearl River and Qinghe River and watering the vitality of sustainable development are historical tasks.
The important task lies on the shoulder, and the key lies in action. People pay more and more attention to the environmental protection of the Pearl River, and the measures to protect the Pearl River in various parts of the Pearl River Basin are also effective and diverse. However, the heavy responsibility of pollution control in the Pearl River has not been alleviated. According to the analysis of relevant experts, the current water resources protection in the Pearl River Basin mainly faces five major problems: water pollution is becoming increasingly prominent, the quality of drinking water sources is very worrying, the degree of ecological environment destruction is still increasing, water resources are seriously wasted, water-saving awareness is weak, and water pollution in the Pearl River Estuary is quite serious. Therefore, the environmental protection of the Pearl River needs comprehensive management, which is a problem of cooperative development among the source, the upper, middle and lower reaches and the protection of the Pearl River.
Cooperation wins development and responsibility takes on the future. There is a responsibility to have the Pearl River. (Yu Xin)
Inner voice
After seeking the source
After drinking the Pearl River water for decades, I often have the dream of "drinking water and thinking about the source". In March this year, I finally had the opportunity to participate in the "9+2 Pearl River Environmental Protection Tour", which fulfilled my dream for many years.
The vast mountains, high and low virgin forests; Gurgling streams, fresh and humid air; Everywhere is green, with insects and birds singing one after another. This is my daydream about the source of the Pearl River and a paradise in my heart. With this vision, I left Guangzhou to trace the source.
The car kept running, getting closer and closer to the source. There are more and more mountains, clearer rivers and better air than in the city. There are more and more karst landform limestone areas that can really set foot on the plateau and go deep into the mountains. There are few forests, sparse trees and poor farming conditions. In the crevices along the hillside, there are terraces that have been reclaimed one after another. This clear scene makes people think a lot. Human beings are interdependent with the natural environment, which is the trinity of past, present and future. When you think about this problem, you will feel that you are shouldering some responsibilities.
After more than three days' journey, we arrived at the source of the Pearl River-the source scenic spot of the Pearl River in Zhanyi County, Yunnan Province. But there are no vast mountains, and there is no virgin forest in expectation. But there are trickling springs and clear rivers. As far as I can see, Maxiong Mountain, where the source is located, is more of an artificial forest, full of azaleas and low shrubs, and there is always a distance from the source of the great river I imagined. There is a kind of desolation that comes to mind. All the rivers in China originate from high mountains, and almost all of them are in the northwest and southwest mountainous areas. Rivers have given birth to life, modern civilization and prosperity in the middle and lower reaches, but they show poverty and desolation at its source. How many historical reasons do we not really understand between man and nature, environment and life?
Looking at a clear spring under the three characters of "the source of the Pearl River", my thoughts jump in time and space. Perhaps, here used to be a vast forest, waterfalls and fast-flowing water created the Pearl River; Maybe … I can imagine many possibilities, but in the face of the quiet trickle, one thing is certain, the water source of the Pearl River is facing natural challenges. We are faced with the dilemma of development and environmental protection. Perhaps, we should reflect on the impact of human activities on the environment from another level in order to find a way to achieve harmony between man and nature.
"I asked you how clear it is, because there is running water from the source." Whenever we look at the turbid or even smelly Pearl River, we often blame it on the uncontrolled discharge of industrial and domestic sewage along the river basin, and pay little attention to the source, which seems inexhaustible. When the downstream benefits from the rapid development of convenient transportation technology, we ignore the development needs of the upstream. If the source dries up, what water is left in the river? Think about the source of drinking water, what water to drink and what source to think.
Protecting the ecological environment has become the knowledge of more and more people. Environmental protection is a systematic project and a difficult problem. The destruction of a generation may require the hard compensation of several generations.
Next to the three characters "Pearl River Source", companions began to queue up to donate money for the environmental protection of the Pearl River Source. I immediately followed up. (Zheng)
Deep in the mountains, you often encounter thick smoke.
The scenery next to expressway in Huang Gui is very charming.
Picture speaking
Important data
According to the Pearl River Basin Water Resources Protection Conference held in Shenzhen in September, 2005, the total amount of wastewater discharged from the Pearl River in 2004 was 65.438+0.827 billion tons, of which the amount of wastewater discharged into the river was 65.438+0.395 billion tons, accounting for 52% of the total.
Yang Desheng, a water conservancy expert of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission, said: The area of soil erosion in Yunnan-Guizhou region accounts for 30%-40% of the local rainwater harvesting area, and the area of soil erosion in the whole Pearl River basin reaches 62,700 square kilometers, with about 6,543.8 billion cubic meters of sediment flowing into the Pearl River every year.
● Since 2002, Guangdong Province has strengthened the prevention and control of water pollution in accordance with the Pearl River regulation plan and the unified deployment of cities along the Yangtze River, and put forward the goal of building all cities in the Pearl River Delta into national environmental protection model cities by 20 10 and eco-cities by 2020. (Editor: Li Meiyi)
Author: Planning: "Greater Pearl River Delta" Zhou Tu/Text: Yu (except signature)