(1) positional relationship among the sun, the earth and the moon (2 points)

(2)D(2 points)

(3) C. (2 points)

(4) Observing the tourism activities brought by the solar eclipse, the income of the tertiary industry such as catering, transportation and small commodity retail increased obviously; The sales of observation products soared, and the economic income of the best observation area increased significantly compared with the same period. (4 points)

(1) According to the diagram, the fundamental cause of the solar eclipse lies in the positional relationship between the sun, the earth and the moon, and a place on the earth is located in the umbra of the moon.

(2) Changsha is not in the total solar eclipse observation area, only partial solar eclipse can be seen. So choose option d in this question.

(3) This topic examines astronomical observation conditions. Mr. Yang, who lives in Shanghai, was very excited to learn that he was located in the best observation area for the total solar eclipse, but no spectacular solar eclipse landscape was observed on the 22nd. The most likely reason is that it is raining in Shanghai today. Can't see the sun. So this question chooses option C.

(4) The economic activities of the total solar eclipse economic circle include observing the tourism activities brought by the solar eclipse, which significantly increased the income of the tertiary industry such as catering, transportation and small commodity retail; The sales of observation products soared, and the economic income of the best observation area increased significantly compared with the same period.