Mental retardation (MR), also known as mental retardation, generally refers to the persistent obstacle of cognitive activities and the whole psychological activities caused by organic brain damage or incomplete brain development.
Due to genetic variation, infection, poisoning, craniocerebral injury, brain malformation or endocrine abnormalities and other harmful factors, the brain of the fetus or baby can not develop normally or incompletely, and the development of intellectual activities stays at a relatively low stage, which is called mental retardation. Dementia is called dementia because the brain is damaged by physical, chemical or virus, bacteria and other factors, which damages the original normal intelligence and causes defects.
treat cordially
Most children with obvious mental retardation are easy to be identified in infancy, but mild mental retardation is often discovered after entering primary school, and they have learning difficulties. If anyone is found to be behind in sports development, slow to respond to the outside world, poor in language development, dull in expression or with a special face, he should go to the hospital as soon as possible for early diagnosis and corresponding treatment.
Some congenital metabolic disorders, such as phenylketonuria, hypercystinuria, maple syrup urine, histiocytosis, galactosemia, congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) and so on. Timely diagnosis and treatment can be obtained in the neonatal period, and most children's intelligence can be avoided from being damaged or their condition can be controlled. Take phenylketonuria and cretinism as examples. If we can diagnose and treat in time three months after birth, most of our intelligence will return to normal. If we treat them for more than six months, our intelligence will almost inevitably be damaged. If we treat after 3-4 years old, the physical development of sick children will be very difficult. Keratinosis-phenylketonuria, with atypical early symptoms, is difficult to find, and it is often found only a few months after birth, but at this time it has reached a point where it is difficult to treat and mental retardation is very serious. Therefore, many countries screen these genetic diseases in the neonatal period.
prevent
To reduce the incidence of mentally retarded children, we must do a good job in prevention, strengthen publicity and education, avoid consanguineous marriage, and mobilize sterilization for serious genetic diseases as much as possible.
Avoid early marriage and women over 40 giving birth at an advanced age, because they are congenital idiots who are prone to chromosomal abnormalities.
Do a good job in prenatal care, improve the technology of dealing with dystocia, reduce birth injuries, and screen newborns for genetic and metabolic diseases in conditional areas, so as to find and treat them early and reduce the occurrence of mentally retarded children.