The pollution of garbage to the environment is of great urgency and potential. With the increase of quantity, it is destructive to ecology and resources and poses a great threat to human health. The main hazards of garbage to the environment are: (1) pollution to the water environment. In stacking or landfill projects, garbage produces a large number of acidic, alkaline and toxic wastewater containing mercury, lead and cadmium, which seeps into surface water or groundwater, causing the water body to smell black, the shallow groundwater can not be used, and the water quality deteriorates. 60% of rivers in China are polluted by ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenol, permanganate and fluoride. (2) Pollution to the atmospheric environment in the garbage area. Due to incineration or long-term stacking, garbage rots and becomes moldy, releasing a large number of toxic gases such as stench and sulfur, and dust and fine particles flying with the wind, resulting in excessive suspended particles of sulfur dioxide in the air. Acid rain and dust pollution often occur. (3) Erosion of land According to statistics, China produces 3 billion tons of garbage every year, and about 20,000 square meters of cultivated land is forced to be used for stacking and storing garbage. Land degradation and desertification are very serious. More importantly, a large number of toxic substances, such as plastic bags and scrap metal, are directly buried or left in the soil, which is difficult to degrade and seriously corrodes the land, leading to soil hardening and alkalization, reducing the ability of water and fertilizer conservation, reducing crop production or even stopping production, and affecting crop quality. (4) Harmful to human health In harmful waste, toxic gases drift with the wind, and the contents of sulfur dioxide and lead in the air increase, which increases the incidence of respiratory diseases and is carcinogenic to human body. Excessive pollutants in groundwater lead to diarrhea, schistosomiasis and trachoma. For example, there is a dysentery epidemic in Guiyang, which is caused by groundwater being infiltrated by garbage and Escherichia coli exceeding the standard seriously. (5) Impact on economic development According to the survey, 70% of the garbage in China is valuable. If all of them are recycled, the annual profit will be 654.38+0.6 billion yuan, which is extremely beneficial to economic development and job creation. On the contrary, it will cause greater waste of resources, and the situation of resource shortage and ecological imbalance will become increasingly serious. It will inevitably affect and hinder the smooth development of the economy.