social disadvantages of tourism and its treatment

Abstract: As an economic industry, tourism economy is an important part of the national economy. Under the condition of difficult adjustment of production structure and slow effect, we must consider a driving industry with obvious benefits and become the source of economic growth in the new stage. Tourism has this role. Tourism is a comprehensive service industry mainly providing services. By providing people with food, shelter, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment and other services, it not only provides ways and means for the simple reproduction and expanded reproduction of material production departments, that is, it meets people's needs for basic life and spiritual life; But also an important link in the realization of the total social product supply, which promotes the rational distribution of social products among all social workers and constantly creates new demands. However, when we see the positive effects of tourism in development, the social disadvantages it brings are also noticeable. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the governance of social disadvantages of tourism. < P > Keywords: tourism; Economic benefits; Price competition

Introduction

Tourism is an industry that develops with the improvement of people's living standards and the relative abundance of materials. In recent years, the open policy and the rapid economic development have created favorable conditions for the development of China's tourism industry. China's tourism industry has developed rapidly. And this has produced considerable economic benefits. In 1994, China's tourism revenue was more than 161 billion yuan, ranking among the top ten tourist destinations in the world. Although the prospect is very attractive, there are serious problems in China's tourism industry, which have both advantages and disadvantages. For example, there are more than 6,111 travel agencies in China, but the scale of enterprises is small, the management is scattered, the system is not active, the marketing methods are lagging behind, the technical support and networking level are low, and the market is not standardized. Most travel agencies operate in a "small workshop" mode, with only a few employees, low service quality and insufficient product innovation. Small travel agencies are unable to develop new products, and large travel agencies have no incentive to innovate. Finally, At present, the competition in the tourism market is a single price competition, which is a low-level vicious and disorderly competition. The vicious price competition eventually leads to the loss of industry interests and the decline of the service quality that consumers should enjoy.

Chapter I Social Disadvantages and Hidden Dangers of Tourism

1.1 causes price rise and harms residents' interests

Under normal circumstances, because foreign tourists are higher than local residents in income level and consumption capacity, they can pay high prices for intangible service products such as travel, accommodation, eating and entertainment and tangible goods represented by tourist souvenirs. In the case of frequent influx of a large number of tourists, it is bound to cause the price of tourist reception areas to rise, thus damaging the interests of local residents. With the development of tourism, it is necessary to build or expand tourist facilities such as hotels, which leads to the contradiction that demand exceeds supply of land. Therefore, it is inevitable that the price of land in tourist reception areas will rise. According to relevant data, when building hotels in areas where tourism is newly established, land investment only accounts for 1% of the total investment; When the tourism industry developed, the land investment for building hotels quickly rose to 21% of the total investment. The rise of land price will inevitably bring disadvantages to the housing construction of local residents, thus reducing the quality of life of local residents.

1.2 Destroy the industrial structure and endanger the economic development

In countries or regions where the industrial structure is dominated by agriculture, because the personal income from tourism is much higher than that from agriculture, a large number of agricultural laborers have abandoned farmland to engage in tourism services. In this way, the result of tourism development has destroyed the original industrial structure and formed a vicious interaction: on the one hand, the tourism industry needs a lot of agricultural and sideline products, on the other hand, it is the tourism industry that makes the fields barren and reduces the output capacity of agricultural and sideline products, coupled with the price increase of agricultural and sideline products caused by tourism industry, which is bound to endanger economic development and social order. If this vicious interaction problem occurs in developing countries where the economy is underdeveloped and the tourism industry starts late, the harm will be even worse. In general, the industrial structure of a country or region should be diversified, and should not rely too much on tourism to develop its own economy. This is especially true for a big country like China. The reason is:

1.2.1 The holiday travel of recreational tourists, which accounts for the largest proportion in the tourist ranks, has strong seasonality.

If a country or region relies too much on tourism to develop its own economy, there will be a shortage of tourist facilities and service personnel in the peak season and a surplus of service personnel in the off-season, which will lead to economic losses and social problems.

1.2.2 The formation of tourists mainly depends on the leisure time, disposable economic income, subjective motivation and other factors of residents in tourist source areas.

These factors are beyond the control of the tourist destination. Once there is an unfavorable change, the economy of a tourist destination that relies too much on tourism to develop its own economy will inevitably be hit hard.

1.2.3 the development of tourism is influenced or even controlled by the economic, social, political and environmental factors in the tourist reception areas.

however, it is difficult for tourism to control these factors. Because of this, tourism is an extremely fragile and unstable industry. Once the factors that may control the tourism industry but are difficult for the tourism industry to control appear unfavorable changes, countries or regions that rely too much on tourism to develop their own economy will suffer great losses.

1.3 interferes with residents' life and induces the contradiction between the guest and the host

The expansion of tourist communities and the rise of tourist facilities have reduced the original production and living places in tourist reception areas. For example, farmers and herdsmen are worried about encroaching on their farmland and pasture; Fishermen are afraid of polluting their fishing grounds and rivers; Residents in some parts of North America complained that tourists killed their deer and took their fish. Some farmers in Japan have also had conflicts and disputes with developers because the construction of airports destroyed their homes. Especially in the tourist season, the overcrowding in tourist reception places increases the burden of infrastructure, and the supply of water, electricity, energy and transportation is seriously insufficient due to the surge in demand; Local residents feel that their living space is relatively narrow, traffic jams, crowded population, power cuts and water cuts ... All these make them feel that the beneficiaries of the tourism industry are only a few people who operate tourism, while most residents have not really benefited from the development of tourism; My lovely home is gradually evolving into a place for foreign tourists to enjoy themselves in time. Once the tourists leave, they will be left with a destroyed environment and dirty garbage, which will lead to hostility towards foreign tourists.

1.4 changing the social structure, resulting in social problems

with the development of tourism, tourism operators in some countries or regions have gained a lot of benefits through tourism reception, forming an enviable social group headed by tourism operators. Whether you can work in the tourism industry has become one of the criteria to distinguish between high and low status. However, the dignity, prestige and status of some social groups or individuals who should be respected have fallen to a negligible and dismissive level compared with the money of tourists. Among family members, parents' hard-working salary for a whole month can't cover the tips their children get for three days. The image of parents as the pillars of the family collapsed. Their trite preaching to their children is not only feeble, but also the direct cause of deepening the generation gap and intensifying family conflicts.

Although women's economic and social status can be changed when they leave home for tourism reception, under the temptation of money, some women have become money-making machines to attract tourists, and their social status is lower than in the past. And those women who have really improved their economic and social status through tourism reception may have their marital status changed. Many tourist destinations in the world have experienced the problem of family disintegration because of this, especially in Hawaii, USA. From the overall social structure of tourist reception areas, the development of tourism and the influx of tourists have changed people's social status and traditional interpersonal relationships. Some of these changes are neither acceptable nor acceptable to local residents. For example, the relationship between foreign tourists and local residents was originally an equal relationship between the host and the guest, but it seems to be a high-low relationship between the host and the servant driven by money. This phenomenon is unbearable for local residents. It is true that "the guest is always right" is beyond reproach as a principle for the tourism service industry to deal with the interpersonal relationship between the guest and the host. However, if it is extended to the tourism community to mediate the relationship between foreign tourists and local residents, it should be analyzed in detail. Otherwise, it will not only make local residents feel inferior, but also cause local residents' xenophobia, and even produce unexpected social contradictions, conflicts and problems.

1.5 Distorting national culture and eroding social consciousness

The development of tourism industry can not only protect and develop national culture, but also distort and impact it. Especially under the impact of foreign heterogeneous cultures, the national cultures of some countries or regions have changed their taste and even gradually disappeared. For example, the time, place, content, rhythm and order of traditional festival celebrations and local religious ceremonies are all established. However, in order to attract foreign tourists, they will be put on the "stage" anytime and anywhere, and their contents are often compressed or even deleted, which obviously speeds up the pace of activities and reverses the order of activities. Over time, they have become purely commercial entertainment, losing their cultural significance and due value. As for the national handicrafts produced to suit the interests of tourists, some have lost their national style and appear neither fish nor fowl; In order to highlight the charm of scenic spots, some over-whitewash cultural relics and historic sites, which greatly loses their authenticity; In order to "connect" with foreign heterogeneous cultures, some people inappropriately modify national dances and folk songs, thus losing their national charm. In particular, those tourist souvenirs that are shoddy and can no longer show the national style and production skills but take the form of national crafts are flooding the market, which may not be a big problem for shoppers who only want to be cheap and ignore the real goods. However, if tourists mistakenly think that local handicrafts are like this, if tourists take them back to show them to relatives and friends or colleagues, it will seriously damage and belittle the image, reputation and value of local handicrafts.