Red Square: in Russian, "red" contains "beautiful" meaning, "Red Square" means "beautiful square The red square" means "beautiful square". The large-scale expansion of Red Square took place after 1812. It was widened when the people of Moscow rebuilt their homes after Napoleon's armies set fire to the city. In the 1920s, Red Square was merged with the neighboring Vasilevsky Square to form its present size. Red Square is 695 meters long from north to south and 130 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of more than 90,000 square meters. The square is paved with ochre-red square stones, shiny and oiled. The two sides of the square are sloping, and the whole Red Square seems to be slightly elevated. On the south side of the square, on the slope that slopes slightly towards the Moscow River, stands the Vasiliy Brazheny Cathedral. This church was built in 1555-1561 to commemorate the occupation of the Duchy of Kazan and Astrakhan by the Russian Tsars. It is regarded as an outstanding representative of ancient Russian architectural art. The church is a combination of nine churches of different sizes, with eight smaller churches surrounding the slightly larger one in the middle, forming an exquisite architectural group. 9 churches are domed towers, with the central tower 47 meters high, surrounded by eight onion-type vaults of different heights, shapes, colors, patterns and decorations. The churches are made of red bricks, decorated with white stone elements, and the vaulted roofs are glittering with gold, matched with bright red, yellow and green colors. The whole church is filled with a strong festive atmosphere. In front of the church, there are monuments to patriotic martyrs Minin and Pozharsky.

Moscow's Red Square

North of Red Square is a three-story red brick building modeled after ancient Russian architecture, with eight spires in the north and eight in the south. It was built in the 19th century as a history museum with 4.5 million exhibits. East of Red Square is Moscow's largest state-run department store complex, built in the early 1920s, divided into upper and lower two floors, with a business area of nearly 80,000 square meters.

There are many famous buildings in Red Square. To the south is the Cathedral of the Assumption of Vasily, also known as the Pokrov Cathedral. It was ordered to be built by Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the victory over the Tatar army in Kazan in 1552. When you see this church, you will be fascinated by its unique architecture. In the middle of the church there is a crown with a big steeple, and eight small domes with different colors and patterns are distributed around it in an orderly manner, together with nine golden onion-head-shaped church roofs. Ivan the Terrible ordered the architect to be blinded so that such a beautiful church would not be seen elsewhere. (Poor architect!) In front of the Cathedral of the Assumption of Vasily is the statue of the national heroes Minin and Pozharsky (inaugurated in 1818), who defeated the Polish invaders and liberated Moscow in 1611-12.

In front of the church is a circular platform, commonly known as the guillotine, where sermons were preached to the masses and tsarist decrees were read. It was also the place of capital punishment, which was carried out off the platform, where the order of execution and the prisoner's guilt were read out.

South of the Cathedral of the Assumption of Vasily is the Vasily slope. It extends all the way to the banks of the Moskva River.

Red Square

Lenin's Tomb is situated on the west side of Red Square, in front of the Kremlin wall proper.Completed on January 27, 1924, the tomb was initially constructed of wood, and in 1930 it was converted to granite and marble. The crystal coffin containing Lenin's remains was renewed after the Patriotic War. Lenin's tomb, half underground and half above ground, is a stepped three-cube structure made of red granite and black feldspar. The volume of the mausoleum is 5,800 cubic meters, and the internal volume is 2,400 cubic meters. The stone in front of the tomb with the inscription "Lenin" has a net weight of 60 tons. At the top of the tomb is a platform, on both sides of which are observation platforms with a capacity of 10,000 people, from which the leaders stood and commanded during important ceremonies. The black marble steps lead down to the Hall of Remembrance in the center of the mausoleum. Lenin lies peacefully in a crystal coffin covered with red party and national flags, wearing a yellow blouse and a red flag medal on his chest, his face and hands illuminated by special lights, clear and peaceful. Open Wednesday and Thursday from 10-11am. Saturdays 1-2 pm. Not far from Lenin's Tomb, there is the Lenin Museum, which contains Lenin's relics and his biography. Between Lenin's Tomb and the Kremlin wall are the graves of other leaders of the former Soviet Union.

Between the back of Lenin's tomb and the Kremlin's red wall. There are 12 tombstones: Stalin, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko, Dzerzhinsky and other former Soviet politicians. Stalin's body was also initially in Lenin's Tomb, but on October 31, 1962, it was moved out of Lenin's Tomb. It was buried behind Lenin's tomb.

Red Square

Forward along the Kremlin wall, which also houses the ashes of Marshal Zhukov, Lenin's wife, Krupskaya, Gorky, the first cosmonaut, Gagarin, and other famous Soviet figures. On the eastern side of Red Square is the State Department Store. Built in 1893 and designed by Pomerantziv, today it is one of the ten world-famous department stores. North of Red Square is the Museum of History, red brick with a white roof, is also a landmark building in Moscow, built in 1873 .On May 8, 95, in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the victory in World War II, in the northern part of Red Square, erected a statue of the hero of World War II, Marshal Zhukov.