Chapter 1: When Paul was making up lessons, he sprinkled cigarette dust on the face of the priest's Easter bread, was expelled from school, and went to the station canteen to do odd jobs.

Chapter II: The old Bolshevik Zhu Helai came to the town to do underground work and told Paul a lot about revolution, working class and class struggle.

Chapter 3: Paul met Tonya, the daughter of a forester, while fishing by the lake. An involuntary love sneaked into Paul's heart, which made him uneasy.

Chapter 4: Zhu Helai came to Paul's house to avoid the raids of Petlyura gangsters. Paul lived with him for eight days. Understand the truth of life, understand that the Bolsheviks are revolutionary parties that fight the oppressors and the rich with perseverance.

Chapter 5: Zhu Helai was arrested by bandits. Paul ran away with Zhu Helai. Because of Victor's informer, Paul was caught in the Yugoslav capital headquarters and locked up.

Chapter 6: Paul escaped from prison and unconsciously ran to Tonya's garden. Dongniya begged her mother to let Paul stay.

Chapter VII: The Red Army captured the town of Shebetovka, and the Soviet regime was established. Paul joined the Red Army and became a soldier of Dovski Cavalry Division. During this period, he read the book The Gadfly and was deeply moved by the gadfly's strength and death.

chapter 8: the first cavalry of budyonny broke through the lines of the polish white army and prepared to attack the enemies around Kiev. Paul, who joined the army, rushed to zhitomir, where the enemy headquarters was located, with his comrades.

chapter 9: Paul was injured in the first world war, and he was unconscious for 13 days before he regained consciousness.

Chapter 11: Paul was transferred to the General Railway Factory as the Youth League Secretary and started a new job.

Chapter 11: The hoop of life on Paul has been broken. He picked up a new weapon, walked back to the team and started a new life. Extended information

Writing background:

How Steel was Tempered is a novel written by Nikolai ostrovsky, a writer of the former Soviet Union, and was written in 1933. By narrating pavel korchagin's growth path, the novel tells people that only when one defeats the enemy and himself in the hardships of the revolution, and only when one's pursuit is linked with the interests of the motherland and the people, can one create miracles and grow into an iron warrior.

in the late 1921s and early 1931s, with the end of the new economic policy and the establishment of Stalin's political and economic system, a highly centralized and unified situation was also required in the literary and art circles. Stalin's country used the idea of "unification" to educate young people.

Special attention is paid to the important role of literature and art in cultivating the moral quality of young people's * * * productism. Stalin demanded that literary works should "pursue direct propaganda purposes", and the writing purpose of many works is to instill "* * * the ideal of productism" in young people.

However, a real classic should be a unity of rich artistic aesthetics and rich spiritual connotation, and should not be a mouthpiece of some will. Russian classic literary works are such a unity.

In these works, the yearning for the vast Russian black land, the face-to-face suffering, the yearning for ideals, the desire of the body, the pursuit of the spirit, the poetic flowing, the anxious soul fleeing, etc., are all seamlessly blended together by the masters. And "Iron and Steel" obviously did not reach such a height in thought and art.

About the author:

Nikolai Ayik Seyevich ostrovsky (1914-1936), a Soviet proletarian revolutionary writer, was born in an ordinary Ukrainian worker's family. He started his working career at the age of 12, joined the Youth League at the age of 15, and participated in the civil war to defend the Soviet regime.