Quality Concept:

Profit is the root of the enterprise, quality (i.e., quality) is the life of the enterprise, there is no quality there is no tomorrow, the enterprise will lose the fundamental, the enterprise has lost its fundamental significance. So we must grasp the quality of the product, do a good job of product quality, for which we should first understand what is quality. Quality (i.e., quality):

Broad concept: the unit product has to meet the explicit and implicit requirements of the sum of characteristics called quality (i.e., quality) Narrow concept: the product meets the requirements. So we commonly understood: good quality is the product to meet the customer's requirements. 1, the explicit requirements: such as product appearance, application functions.

2, implied requirements: such as product life, applicability, reliability and safety.

3, the customer's needs can be expressed in such aspects: performance, reliability, safety, adaptability, economy and time. Quality management:

1, the formation of quality management:

Quality inspection stage: before the 20th century, the world's factories are mainly handicrafts, the production scale is not large, mainly by the operator's own experience to ensure the quality, but due to the development of production, the division of labor in the factory is becoming more and more complex, the operation of the quality of the management is prone to inconsistencies in the standards and inefficiencies, and more and more do not adapt to the production, the founder of the American scientific management, Tait, the founder of the American scientific management, the founder of the American science management. At this time, the founder of American scientific management, Tylo (F.W. Taylor) put forward the idea of separating planning and production, production and inspection, which formed the stage of quality inspection management at that time.

2, quality inspection management methods, purely "after-the-fact gatekeeper" to detect unqualified, but at this time due to unqualified rework or scrap

losses can not be recovered, and on the other hand, "after-the-fact gatekeeper" to take the whole inspection Inefficient way to increase the cost of quality, is not conducive to the improvement of production efficiency, and some products can not be fully inspected, such as: the range of artillery shells, film sensitivity inspection of a unit of loss of a. Later, some Western countries have utilized the probability of the product's quality. Later, some Western countries have utilized the probability and statistics proposed "prior control, prevention of nonconforming products". At the same time, American management scientists proposed the sampling test method. (MIL-STD-105D/E U.S. military). This is the statistical quality management stage.

3, statistical quality management simply emphasize the application of mathematical and statistical methods, just focus on the production process and the final product quality control, so

To many quality anomalies and can not play a preventive role, due to the quality of the operators, production planning, departmental coordination and many other factors related to the 1960s United States of America Faganburg and Juran proposed a stage of total quality management. Total quality management:

1, the basic theory of total quality management: Juran spiral quality curve (model) Juran quality spiral reflects the quality of three steps: quality planning, quality control, quality improvement. Market research, product planning, design, production equipment configuration, procurement, process development, product specifications, production, process control, sales, inspection, after-sales service, testing, market research

2, total quality management of several key points:

Total quality management, we must attach great importance to the improvement of the quality of the people: the quality of the process of the five factors affecting the quality of the people, machines, materials, methods, and the environment, namely, 4M1E.

4M1E: Man (people): the five factors affecting the quality of interdependence, interaction, but the human factor is at the center of the position, from the

Quality formation of the whole process, whether it is the quality of decision-making to the implementation of various quality functions, leaving the positive thinking of people are difficult to have satisfactory results. The quality of human work is the guarantee of the quality of all processes.

Material ( material ): production of raw materials.

Machine ( machine ): packaging production equipment, tools, fixtures, inspection equipment and tools. Measure (method): including operating methods, process methods, inspection and testing methods. Environment (environment): such as work material environment, storage environment.

Total quality management, must establish a perfect and effective quality management system: quality management system is the core and foundation of quality management, through the quality management system, the provisions of the quality of the activities of the way, coordination of various activities, the realization of the department and the interdepartmental communication in an orderly manner, so that the company formed an organic operation of the overall. (Such as: ISO9001: 2000 quality management system)

Total quality management, we must strengthen the quality management of the monitoring: the results of the quality activities should be verified and the effectiveness of the shortcomings of the review, put forward a continuous improvement program. 3, process quality control: (i.e., process control or process control)

Process quality control of the three main focus: the strict implementation of the production, quality plan. Ensure that the quality of the process is under control.

Effective control of the production beat, timely treatment of quality abnormalities, to ensure balanced production, civilized production.

Process control, we must first understand the factors of process quality fluctuations and identify the causes of fluctuations in process quality: process quality fluctuations in factors: 4M1E process quality control relies on process quality statistics: to determine the cause of fluctuations in the process from the statistical data of the process, and make anomalous analysis of the specific causes, and put forward corrective measures and preventive measures. Statistical methods: such as control charts, platoons, key factor charts, and so on.

4, when it comes to quality, everyone's thoughts must also want to "test" this concept, indeed, inspection is an important part of our quality control.

Inspection (Inspection): refers to one or more characteristics of the entity such as measurement, inspection, testing or metrics and compare the results with the specified requirements in order to determine the characteristics of the conformity of the activities. This activity (i.e., inspection) includes the following four basic elements:

Measurement: the use of tests, measurements, laboratory, analytical or organoleptic examination, etc. to determine the quality characteristics of the product. Comparison: comparison of the results of the measurement with the quality requirements.

Judgment: based on the results of the comparison, the test items or products to make a judgment of conformity.

Processing: the product or batch to be inspected to make a qualified decision to release or not and implementation. The role of inspection:

Identify the quality level of the product, to determine qualified or not;

Judgment of the quality status of the process, to provide a basis for the control of process capability; to understand the level of product quality or defects in the seriousness of the program; improve the detection method;

Feedback quality status, find quality trends, and put forward proposals for improvement; inspection should have the function:

Identification of the function: to clarify the level of product quality, to understand the product or batch of decisions and implementation. Function: to clarify the level of product quality, to understand the process quality assurance capabilities Function of the gatekeeper: to remove the unqualified

Reporting function: the formation of statistical data, to grasp the trend of the quality of the occurrence.

The existence of forms of inspection: different products or different processes (or process) there are different forms of inspection, our company as an example: product design stage: prototype inspection, software inspection

Raw material procurement stage: suppliers or factory assessment, incoming material sampling test

Product production stage: instrumentation and tools for the inspection, the operator's self-inspection and mutual inspection, IPQC inspection, first piece

inspection, QA final inspection, shipment inspection.

5, since we understand the existence of the form of inspection, but also a clear inspection of the three functions, it is clear that the previous two inspection functions can go

Except for nonconforming products, but nonconforming products have occurred, as a result of nonconforming products to return to the inspection or maintenance of the losses caused by the loss of the quality of the cost of the increase in the quality of how to keep track of the quality of the trend of occurrence of failure prevention has become particularly important. The occurrence of extraordinarily important, so that with the inspection of the report function again reflects the importance of inspection.

6, so we can grasp the quality of the production process through different forms of inspection to the situation, found that the quality of the process anomalies, other purposes in

To take corrective measures, more importantly, the purpose is to improve the proposed measures and the implementation of the following to implement the "Quality Improvement Cycle", that is, for the PDCA cycle:

P: Plan (Plan): In order to achieve a certain process, pre-established process methodology, quality objectives, and to determine the corresponding measures and methods, this is the PDCA planning stage.

D: Do (implementation): in accordance with the contents of the plan and the plan target, the implementation of the implementation, which is the PDCA implementation phase.

C: Check (check): against the plan, check the status of the implementation process.

A: Action (summarize the improvement): on the basis of the inspection, save a good method, review the procedure in the shortcomings, and make corrective and preventive measures for the next plan to provide effective information.

PDCA work procedures can be specified, can be divided into the following steps:

1, analysis of the status quo, to find out the existence of quality problems (such as the past legacy of the problem), and illustrated with specific data. 2, analyze the various factors affecting production quality problems. 3, in the many factors affecting quality to identify the main factors. 4、Aiming at the main factors affecting quality, formulate measures, put forward improvement plans, and anticipate their effects. 5, in accordance with the plan formulated and carefully implemented.

6, according to the requirements of the plan, check the actual implementation of the results, to confirm whether the expected results.

7, according to the results of the inspection to summarize, save the good methods, consolidate the experience gained, review the process of shortcomings, while proposing corrective and preventive measures.

8, put forward this PDCA process has not yet solved the problem, so that it is transferred to the next PDCA cycle to deal with.

7, synthesize the above, for the implementation of IQC inspection work should have the following

① IQC inspectors must understand the characteristics of the material itself, that is, clear materials required for the test project. ② The use of appropriate methods or ways to test. ③ Clear product requirements.

④ Planned sampling or judgment.

⑤ The process of implementation of the principle of PDCA, IQC internal continuous improvement, including personnel, testing equipment, fixtures and fittings, methods and so on.