Keywords: e-government, solutions
I. Overview of e-government development
As early as twenty or thirty years ago, governments at all levels in many developed countries in the west have adopted computer technology to realize government automation; With the development of national economy and the wide application of computer technology, government office is becoming more and more standardized, automated and systematic, and various versions of office automation systems adapted to different needs have been developed and widely used in the field of government office.
Due to historical reasons (ten years of turmoil) and technical reasons (computer Chinese character processing technology), the process of government office automation in China started late, but it attracted high attention and developed rapidly. 65438-0994 In order to further promote the development of government office automation, the General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council took the lead in organizing special manpower and material resources to implement the "Golden Sea Project" aimed at making the two offices highly automated. After that, the national government office automation gradually popularized, and now governments at all levels have basically adopted the government office automation system to a greater or lesser extent. This is the result of the attention of government leaders and the sweat of people in the industry, and it is also the inevitable trend of the development of social informatization.
With the opening of the Internet and the gradual maturity of related technologies, human society has entered a brand-new information age. In the process of social informatization, the demands of governments at all levels for office automation are escalating. Slogans such as "paperless office", "paperless office" and "electronic government" basically summarize the direction and connotation of today's government office automation project. In the network era, the original office automation system is increasingly difficult to meet the high standard requirements of government office, and the e-government system came into being under this background.
The Internet Lab/the recently released E-government Research Report shows that more than 3,000 government websites have been built in China, and more than 70% municipal governments have set up service windows online, thus the "Government Online Project" started smoothly. For example, in 2002, Guangdong Province will build a unified e-government private network platform to fully realize the high-speed broadband interconnection of office networks of party and government organs at all levels. After the private network platform is completed, government departments are not allowed to build networks independently to avoid redundant construction and realize resource sharing. To draw up the Guide for the Construction of Government Information in Guangdong Province in 2002, it is required that five teams of the provincial party committee, the provincial government, the provincial people's congress, the provincial CPPCC and the provincial discipline inspection commission will be basically connected within half a year, 2 1 prefecture-level cities will be listed, and the provincial government departments and directly affiliated units will be connected within this year, so as to fully realize the high-speed broadband interconnection of the office networks of the party and government organs in the province and realize the online exchange of official documents and emails between provinces and cities and departments. On the unified private network platform, this year will also complete the construction of provincial emergency command system, provincial multimedia service system, provincial and municipal video conference system, provincial and municipal electronic document exchange system, internal e-mail system and other application systems. The "government online projects" in various provinces of China began to emerge in an endless stream, which indicated that the lively e-government train had left the platform and began to accelerate. Hainan China Enterprise Network Co., Ltd. is one of the 43 high-tech information enterprises recognized by Hainan Information Office. Engaged in computer software and hardware development, digital communication and network construction, e-commerce, voice technology, network and database technology. To establish the website of "China Enterprise Space" (/), we must first develop the e-government system and put it into popularization and application.
Second, the system design principles
The government serves the public. Most government departments and civil servants undertake the government's public service functions. Most government information serves the public and needs to be known by the public. E-government advocates the use of network advantages to speed up information circulation and let the public better enjoy government online services.
E-government is a series of working modes that take the public service demand as the starting point and include all government departments. Citizens only need one entrance to enjoy government services, and they don't need to visit one by one. The ideal result of a public service that E-government hopes to show may be that the public will pass the certification materials or other documents needed for handling business to a government business processing portal at one time, and the internal business processing of the government can be handled in parallel to improve work efficiency. This parallel office mode is not a simple "one-stop" or "one-hall" service, but a simple collection of offices by multiple departments, but the coordination and unity of background systems.
The e-government system of China enterprises was developed by several professors and doctors from China Enterprise Network Company, Hainan, on the basis of integrating the advantages of previous office automation systems and giving full play to their unique telephone interface technology advantages. The system not only includes various functions of office automation system, but also extends various network functions such as information release, industry forum, e-commerce and collaborative work. The e-government system of enterprises in China has not completely avoided the development stage of office automation system, and has directly reached the world advanced level of e-government system. Abandon the traditional office automation system and design it as one or several functional modules of the intranet. This not only maintains the continuity of software development, but also reduces the trouble of equipment modification and data update brought by updating the system as much as possible. The e-government system of China enterprises has adopted the leaping system design concept,
The design of enterprise e-government system in China follows the principles of progressiveness, practicality, openness, stability, security and compliance with international standards. The system design adopts the concept of technological leapfrogging, which not only ensures the domestic leading position, but also ensures the international advanced position.
1. advanced: adopt international advanced internet technology, international advanced network technology mode, international advanced technical route and international advanced architecture to build e-government system into the best e-government platform in China.
2. Practicality: The e-government system of China enterprises integrates the advantages of all versions of office automation system, accommodates the international advanced e-government experience, and combines the specific national conditions of China. China Enterprise Network Company has designed a truly practical and immediate e-government system for governments with different levels and functions, and the system design process has also considered the issues of easy operation and easy use.
3. Openness: supporting cross-platform architecture, the system can run on various operating system platforms, such as UNIX and Windows NT, which is conducive to the promotion and implementation of e-government systems. The e-government system of China enterprises is interoperable, extensible and compatible, and can integrate information in various formats on the e-government platform, thus easily solving the problems of information update and data import between the old and new systems.
4. Stability: the server adopts cluster technology to ensure the long-term stable and uninterrupted operation of the system. The system adopts popular, mature, stable and advanced operating system, database, network protocol and middleware to ensure the stability of the system.
5. Security: Security is one of the issues that Internet-based application systems must attach great importance to. The e-government system of China enterprises has taken strong security measures in security level, cross-verification, CA authentication system, SSL and SET, network security and so on.
6. Conforming to international standards: All protocols, information formats and interface standards adopted by the system conform to international standards, ensuring that the system can exchange information with other systems quickly and smoothly, so as to achieve the purpose of natural docking with international counterparts.
Third, the system technical route design
The Internet is constantly changing from form to content. If you passively follow this change, you will always be in a backward and passive position. In the case that the future development trend cannot be accurately predicted, determining an advanced technology route with development space for a period of time will effectively grasp the opportunity and keep unchanged.
The basic outline of this technical route is:
1. Adopt Web application server; ;
2. Adopt three-tier architecture, especially international advanced standards such as JSP and XML;
3. Using Servlet and middleware technology;
4. Adopt advanced interactive online application technology;
5. Automatically publish information flow through the Internet;
6. Reject any closed special development tools to avoid system incompatibility and other problems caused by it;
7. Follow the principles of advancement, practicality, openness, stability and safety;
8. Follow the technological development route of leading international IT companies;
9. Develop online application systems suitable for all kinds of e-government and realize them under the same technology;
10. Various new online application systems can be developed conveniently and quickly according to needs;
1 1. The whole system adopts modular design, leaving enough space for system function expansion;
12. Build an e-government portal and expand the functions of the whole system on this basis;
13. develop a perfect e-commerce platform to make government office have the functions of online trading and government bidding;
14. develop a customer service system combined with telephone technology to provide services for citizens outside the network;
15. Forums, advertisements, bidding, investment promotion, authentication and other modules all adopt multi-system cross design;
16. The larger e-government system is designed and built in stages.
Fourth, the characteristics of China enterprise e-government system
The e-government system of China enterprises includes almost all IT frontier technologies such as computer technology, network technology, communication technology and database technology. It is a huge comprehensive application system, and the development idea and construction scheme in one step are often unrealistic. Only by adopting modular design in the development process can the development and research of the whole system be completed in an orderly manner; Only by fully soliciting customers' opinions, weighing the priorities of users' needs and building in stages according to the priorities of the construction process can the real e-government function be gradually realized.
The e-government system of China enterprises has perfect online application function, online service function and accurate and timely massive information database. The e-government system of China enterprises is the only and best choice, whether the external units or individuals are going to deal with the government agencies adopting the system on the Internet or the government agencies adopting the system are going to deal with the outside world through the Internet. China enterprise e-government system is a social-oriented online government office system, and its start-up and construction will surely promote government agencies to achieve the grand strategic goals of "government informationization", "e-government" and even "e-government" as soon as possible. Implementing e-government system engineering can not only improve government office efficiency, increase office transparency, realize collaborative work and information sharing, but also establish a good government image in society.
Author's brief introduction: Hu Guosheng, Ph.D., chairman of Hainan Zhongqi Network Co., Ltd., has served as the key research task of several projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation project wavelet theory and its application, the doctoral project wavelet analysis and its application in digital communication, and the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation project wavelet analysis and data compression. Tel: 68536535, 68536575. This article was revised and approved by my friend Yang Shaoshen.