Expressway Development Co., Ltd.
Chongqing high-grade highway construction investment co., ltd
Chongqing urban construction investment co., ltd
Chongqing construction investment company.
Chongqing water conservancy investment co., ltd
Chongqing development investment co., ltd
Chongqing water group.
Chongqing real estate group.
First, Yufu-a sample of local financial control.
Financial control, short for financial control joint-stock company The main business is to control the shares of other companies. Form a parent-subsidiary relationship according to the holding relationship. In addition to holding subsidiaries, the parent company also has its own specific business holding company as the business holding company. Without specific business, a holding company that specializes in holding subsidiaries is called a pure holding company. Chongqing Yufu and Guang 'an Aizhong Group are both public holding companies.
Yufu, the full name of Yufu Asset Management Company, was established in 2004 with a registered capital of 6,543.8 billion yuan, which is centrally managed by SASAC. Chongqing local financial control group, responsible for the disposal of non-performing assets, financial holdings, land reserves, state-owned enterprises holding shares; Among the "nine major investments", yufu, as a financial investment group, is different from the other eight construction investment groups (yufu's state-owned enterprise operation is really brilliant). There are three main operating modes of Yufu. They are the disposal of non-performing assets, capital operation and reserve real estate, and he has skillfully changed his face in these three modes. It has become normal for him to invest directly with a large amount of cash capital. Faced with non-performing assets, it appears as an asset management company. Entering the field of financial capital on a large scale, and now returning to the face of financial control. Sitting on a large land reserve, similar to a real estate group; The "fickle" Yu Fu faithfully acts as "the tool of Chongqing SASAC". Like other government investment platforms, it acts as a tool of Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, or the role of trader Huang.
(1) Disposal of non-performing assets
Yu Fu's initial operation has the color of "empty gloves and white wolves".
In 2000, Chongqing municipal government began to solve the bad assets left by local enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises, by disposing of uncompleted residential flats and converting debts into shares. ? In 2003, Germination unified all kinds of debt restructuring carried out separately into one platform and one system for centralized operation. This is exactly the same as setting up various construction investment companies for national debt projects. In March of the same year, Yufu was established. (Guang 'an District has the same effect by bundling project funds. )
The representative work of Yufu's famous capital market is the disposal of an asset package of 654.38+007 billion yuan of ICBC Chongqing Branch. At that time, the Chongqing Municipal Government took the state-owned shares of Chongqing Commercial Bank, Shanghai Changfa Group and Bank of Communications held by the Municipal Finance Bureau as 3180,000 yuan, took the assessed state-owned land assets as the paid-in capital of the company, and * * * established Chongqing Yufu with1200 million yuan. Later, Chongqing Yufu took the land assets injected by the government as collateral and obtained 265.438+0 from Chongqing CDB. The actual repayment rate is 20.28%. Then the debt enterprise repurchases the creditor's rights held by the company.
(2) Capital operation
When the state-owned enterprises faced difficulties, Yu Fu did not give blood transfusion, but "a pot of soup and a cup of drink together". Yu Fuli helps SASAC's industrial groups to invest with financial advantages. He not only supports state-owned enterprises, but also supports industry. According to the data provided by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Chongqing Municipality, since its establishment, Yufu has provided working capital of 1 8 1 100 million yuan for the reform, restructuring and reorganization of state-owned enterprises.
(3) Reserve real estate
By the end of 2007, the total land reserve in Yufu District reached 37,052 mu. It can be guessed that the land reserve mode of Yufu should be roughly the same as that of the same city, high investment and water investment, but the emphasis is different. Yufu helps state-owned enterprises in the city to "go out of the city and enter the park", upgrade their industries, and revitalize land and enterprises at the same time, which is a bit like "capital for land", while urban investment is to exchange land with urban public infrastructure, high investment is to exchange land with roads, and water investment is to exchange land with water conservancy facilities.
Second, the city investment-the standard of government investment and financing platform
The full name of Chengtou is Chongqing Urban Construction Investment Company, which was established in 1994 with a registered capital of 20 million yuan. It is positioned as a professional investment company to raise and manage urban construction funds and invest in urban infrastructure construction.
In 2002, in order to speed up the reform of the government investment and financing system, Chongqing repositioned the functions of the city investment company and made it clear that it was the general channel for urban construction funds; Main city road and bridge construction master account; The general reserve orientation of land needed for urban construction funds (also known as "three general"). At present, a large-scale state-owned group company structure with comprehensive, cross-industry and diversified industrial patterns such as finance, land management, large-scale municipal facilities management and real estate development has initially formed. By June 2009, the total assets of Chongqing City Investment reached 60.4 billion yuan, and the accumulated financing was nearly 80 billion yuan. More than 70 municipal public facilities, such as bridges, interchanges and roads, have been invested in the main city, and 8 bridges across the river have been built or under construction. Egongyan Bridge, Jiefang North Square and People's Square. It has been built successively, saving Chongqing Wanzhou Airport and Qianjiang Airport. Hua Yusheng, current chairman, born in 1953, Chongqing, graduate degree, senior economist.
Chongqing urban investment mainly plays a role in urban construction. First, according to Chongqing's urban planning and annual infrastructure construction plan, invest in the construction of major public infrastructure in the main city, including urban roads, bridges, squares, exhibition halls, exhibition centers, botanical gardens, etc. Almost all these constructions are public welfare, and the investment scale is relatively large. The second is to control investment projects, mainly capital operation. The third is to participate in the transformation of the old city. It is best for Chongqing City Investment to meet the requirements of the government's investment and financing platform. The investment scope is basically the construction of urban public welfare infrastructure. Clever management means can keep you from losing money, and the balance of payments is the most successful place. There are four main financing modes, namely:
(1) Trust investment and financing
Trust, banking, insurance and securities constitute the modern financial industry, which is more professional and needs smart traders. Chongqing Chengtou uses trust investment and financing through its holding subsidiary Chongqing International Trust and Investment Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Chongqing Guotou), "focusing on infrastructure and finance, and constantly expanding the main business of trust." This is the positioning of Chongqing by super trader Huang. Before 2002, the trust assets managed by Chongqing SDIC were only over 40 million yuan, which increased to 654.38+068 billion yuan in just four years, and most of them were invested in infrastructure. Its major projects include: renovation of Fengzhong Road in Shapingba District, Chongqing, with trust support of 200 million yuan; Dadukou district invested 269 million yuan in infrastructure; Niudi Road has been rebuilt by more than 95 million yuan.
The most wonderful scene of city investment is to realize the controlling stake of Yufu Expressway with trust funds. The total cost of Yufu Expressway is 4.9 billion yuan. How to raise funds to complete the construction of this road in those years is unknown. The problem is how to recover the investment has become a headache for the local government. In 2003, Chongqing SDIC and Chongqing expressway Development Co., Ltd. (referred to as Chongqing Expressway) jointly established Yufu expressway Co., Ltd. (referred to as Yufu Expressway) to take over the management right of expressway in a paid way (there should be TOT principle in it). The registered capital of the new company is 2 billion yuan, Chongqing Expressway contributes 600 million yuan and Chongqing SDIC contributes 654.38+0.4 billion yuan. However, Chongqing SDIC doesn't have real money of 65.438+0.4 billion yuan, so it designed the equity trust plan of Yufu Expressway, raising funds of 65.438+0.4 billion yuan. This trust plan is the largest collective trust plan in China. After that, the toll revenue of Yufu expressway was 378 million yuan in 2004 and 403 million yuan in 2005, and the benefits of Chongqing SDIC were considerable.
Guess: According to Huang's thinking, in addition to listing financing and bank loans, there are also foreign capital and private capital that can be used. Government monopoly industries and projects are most favored by foreign capital and private capital. Yufu expressway, with a total investment of 4.9 billion yuan, is a large-scale infrastructure construction project with intensive capital, low degree of marketization and strong monopoly. Therefore, the adoption of equity trust is bound to be welcomed by foreign capital and private capital. It can be said that Chongqing SDIC is undoubtedly a model of leveraging social capital with equity. Drawing lessons from this experience of Chongqing SDIC, its essence is the leverage of equity interests, and the key is the income guarantee of monopoly industries.
(2) Issuing corporate bonds
In 2002, Chongqing City Investment issued bonds of 654.38+0.5 billion yuan, mainly for the construction of "half-hour main city". This is the first corporate bond issued by the central government nationwide. In 2005, Chongqing Chengtou issued another 2 billion yuan of corporate bonds. Subsequently, Chongqing Chengtou also issued corporate bonds. At present, Chongqing Chengtou is the only enterprise in the west that has issued corporate bonds three times.
(C) BT and BOT mode
These two modes are mainly used for bridge construction with urban investment. BT mode is mainly aimed at bridges that they can't operate, often in the urban area, so it is linked to the land near the bridge, making full use of the lever of land appreciation to incite social capital, while BOT mode does not need to be linked to land, and directly uses the management right to finance, "exchanging time for space", which is often used for traffic emergencies far away from the urban area.
The typical application of BT mode in urban investment is the construction of Chaotianmen Yangtze River Bridge in 2004. The construction period of this bridge is three years. After completion, repurchase according to the audited investment quota. The money to buy back the bridge comes from land appreciation. Before the construction of the bridge, Chengtou owned more than 7,000 mu of land reserve in the main area connected by the bridge. There is no doubt that with the construction of the bridge, the prices of these lands have increased to varying degrees on the original basis.
It is speculated that the expectation that the land near the bridge will appreciate with the completion of the bridge is the key to the successful application of BT model in Chongqing City Investment Company. If we want to learn from it, it is more than just a bridge. As long as it can increase the value of nearby land, we can consider the leverage of land appreciation and apply the BT model.
The BOT mode adopted by the city investment is Chongqing Jiahua Jialing River Bridge, with an investment of 2 billion yuan. The bridge was built in BOT mode and operated for 27 years, and then returned to Chongqing Municipal Government.
Considering Guang 'an District, whether Liubeitan Bridge can adopt BOT mode is of great significance for Guang 'an to co-ordinate the development of both sides of Qujiang River, because there is a great traffic demand between Hedong and Hexi, and the Guangzhou-Chongqing Intercity Expressway is likely to set up an exit in huaqiao town.
The most successful year of comprehensive application of BOT and BT mode in urban investment was in 2004. In this year, the city invested in the construction of five river-crossing bridges with a total investment of 654.38+0.2 billion yuan. At present, Shibanpo Yangtze River Double Track Bridge, Caiyuanba Bridge, Chaotianmen Bridge, Jiahua Bridge and Yudong Bridge have all been put into use. This is a miracle created by Chongqing Chengtou's new financing method in China and even the world.
Listing financing and bank loans
Chongqing government investment platform company has the plan of listing and direct financing. Chongqing Chengtou received comprehensive credit from major banks 1, 3 1 billion yuan.
Third, real estate groups-faithful executors of the government's will.
The real estate group, named Chongqing Real Estate Group, was established in 2003. Chongqing municipal government directly under the enterprise, with a registered capital of 2 billion. The subsidiaries of the Group include: Chongqing Zhong Zhen Land Management Company, Chongqing Urban Construction and Development Company, Chongqing Dazhai Property Management Company, Chongqing Kangtian Real Estate Company, Sino-Singapore great eastern Life Insurance Company (insurance company) and Chongqing Airlines.
The purpose of establishing real estate group is to build an excellent investment and financing platform through land reserve and raise funds for economic and public welfare undertakings. Therefore, all the activities of the real estate group reflect the will of the Chongqing municipal government and the thinking of Chongqing's economic development. The real estate group is a faithful executor of the government will. Therefore, the responsibilities of this group are: the requisition of construction land, the balance between land acquisition and reserve and cultivated land, and the construction of low-rent housing.
Specifically: first, establish a government-led land reserve supply mechanism, standardize the land supply market, ensure the implementation of the overall urban planning and land use planning, carry out land consolidation through the market operation mechanism, provide "cultivated land" for the government to auction and accumulate funds for the government; The second is to implement the requirements of the municipal government on land development and consolidation, and provide new cultivated land resources for realizing the "balance of occupation and compensation" of cultivated land; The third is to undertake the construction of low-rent housing projects determined by the municipal government; The fourth is to undertake the tasks assigned by the municipal government involving the transformation and construction of the old city in combination with the land reserve.
(1) Managing land
Chongqing University Town is a masterpiece of real estate group. The construction investment of the whole university town is about10 billion yuan. The core of real estate group operation is to do a good job in infrastructure and turn "wasteland" into "cultivated land". The whole process is: take the land from the government, mortgage it to the bank to get a loan, use this loan to level the land, then sell the leveled land and finally make a profit from it.
The main projects of the real estate group are: Chongqing Central Business (South) Development Zone and Chongqing Xiyong Microelectronics Industrial Park (positioned as a leading integrated circuit industrial base in China, the largest and highest technology in the west, and a microelectronic industrial park represented by integrated circuits).
(2) Entering the insurance industry
Huang believes that "a complete logistics system consists of three platforms: processing platform, financial platform and transportation platform." Real estate groups have already laid the groundwork for this. In April 2004, the real estate group signed a letter of intent for cooperation with great eastern Life Insurance, and submitted an application for establishing an insurance company to the State Insurance Regulatory Commission. In August, 2005, the two parties formally established the Sino-Singapore great eastern Joint Venture Company with a registered capital of 300 million yuan, with each party contributing half. There are 6 directors, 3 for each party. The chairman is Li Yingru of Real Estate Group, the financial manager is also from Real Estate Group, and the general manager is Chen of great eastern Life Insurance.
The real estate speculators entered the insurance industry for a reason, that is, the Chongqing municipal government entered the insurance industry. On the one hand, Chongqing's economy is developing rapidly, and its economic status is directed at the economic center of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. A regional economic center cannot but develop the financial industry, and the insurance industry is an indispensable industry in the financial industry. However, Chongqing has no insurance company of its own. On the other hand, Chongqing's economic development needs a lot of funds, but most of the insurance funds in Chongqing are out. Insurance companies that used to do business in Chongqing are not headquartered in Chongqing, so 4-5 billion insurance funds flow out of Chongqing every year. Sino-Singapore great eastern Life Insurance Co., Ltd. is headquartered in Chongqing, which can guarantee that the insurance funds will stay in Chongqing.
Try to guess: a local capital outflow, unable to participate in local economic construction, this is a loss. Therefore, we believe that "using money from the west to the east" is an unfair "pump effect" on the western region, and it is immoral for banks in backward areas to take deposits to lend in developed regions.
Moreover, through the establishment of Sino-Singapore Life Insurance, a more far-reaching financial layout has been drawn. Great eastern Life in Singapore is a wholly-owned subsidiary of great eastern (Holdings) in Singapore, and great eastern is a subsidiary of OCBC Bank, the second largest bank in Singapore. At present, OCBC Bank is actively participating in the restructuring of Chongqing Commercial Bank.
(3) Return to the government investment platform with high-end capital operation and support the public welfare nature.
At present, the framework elements of Chongqing railway, highway and water transport hub are basically complete. However, Chongqing does not have its own airline, and the establishment of Chongqing Airlines can make Chongqing's transportation hub more perfect. He will take Jiangbei Airport as the base to carry out the bus service from Chongqing to southwest and large and medium-sized cities in China.
Aviation is a capital-intensive industry, and most airlines are losing money, but Chongqing has to do the opposite. It is really a great responsibility and wisdom. First, among all the government investment platforms in Chongqing, the real estate group has the richest "profit". According to the idea of balance of payments, it should bear the "loss". Second, Chongqing should build a regional economic center with high standards and provide public basic services with high standards. Aviation service is essential, which is to maintain the position of regional economic center. Third, we can't just analyze the losses of airlines, but ignore their driving role in tourism, international trade and other related industries. This is actually a far-sighted plan of the Chongqing Municipal Government.
Fourth, high-risk departments-forced out at high speed
The full name of Gaofa Division is Chongqing expressway Development Co., Ltd., which is the developer and operator of all expressway in Chongqing. The business belongs to Chongqing Municipal Communications Commission, with a registered capital of 2 billion yuan and total assets of 50 billion yuan. The main task is to be responsible for the construction, operation, maintenance and financing of expressway. By the end of 2003, expressway 58 1.7 km had been built in Chongqing. In less than six years since 2004, Gaofa Company has completed the construction of 14 expressway, and the construction speed is more than twice as fast as before.
The predecessor of High-incidence Department is Chongqing expressway Construction Management Office and Chongqing expressway Construction Headquarters. 1998 Chongqing expressway Development Co., Ltd. reorganized to change the situation of excessive management units, overlapping institutions and fragmented management in expressway. In 2000, Chongqing Municipal Communications Commission made a decision to improve the system of high-risk departments, and handed over the construction and operation of expressway to high-risk departments for unified management. In 2003, under the background of Chongqing's "Two Rings and Eight Shoots" expressway Plan, Gaofa Company separated the construction and management of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and set up professional construction and operation companies according to the time sequence, taking on the heavy responsibility of the construction and management of the 2000-kilometer expressway. The period of real high-speed development of high-incidence companies is also under this background of "two rings and eight shots", which is the result of pressure-driven and high-speed development.
High-risk companies mainly adopt debt financing, bank loan financing, BOT cooperation, transfer of management rights and other financing modes.
Expressway adopting BOT mode includes: expressway in Chongqing, expressway in central Yunnan and expressway in Chongqing.
Expressway, which has transferred its management rights, has two expressway cities, Chongqing and Chongqing.
Try to guess: Because expressway is a toll road, there is no problem with income. The problems faced by high-incidence companies in financing are large amount of funds, poor income of some lines and problems in construction management. Its operation mode is very simple, the simpler the better, the combination of three ideas. First, the general idea, he is the developer and operator of all expressway in Chongqing. The second is the idea of great unity. Not only do bank loans take unified loan and unified repayment, but other financing methods are also "unified loan and unified repayment". Third, the idea of separation, separation of construction and management, different plates are managed separately under the control of the head office at different time periods.
Fifth, from high-profile to making friends-behind the gorgeous turn is a deeper strategy.
Gaotou was established in 2002, and its full name is Chongqing High-grade Highway Construction Investment Co., Ltd., and its business is under the jurisdiction of the Communications Commission. The background of its establishment is the "8-hour Chongqing" transportation planning, which has the right of land reserve and land management. In 2006, it was renamed Chongqing Communications and Tourism Group Company.
(1) Major event of Gaotou
1, "8-hour Chongqing" expressway Construction. In 2000, Chongqing proposed to build the "8-hour Chongqing" project. Build a high-grade highway network in more than 40 county-level administrative regions within the jurisdiction, and shorten the time distance from each district and county to the main city to 8 hours. It is required that by the end of 2003, the time from the most remote districts and counties in Chongqing to the main city should be shortened to less than 8 hours. In order to achieve this goal, Chongqing's previous investment channels are: 1/3 national debt investment, 1/3 special subsidy from the municipal government, 1/3 self-financing by all districts and counties. However, due to the weak financial resources of district and county governments and the financing difficulties of construction units, it is difficult to implement self-raised funds of more than 654.38 billion yuan in various places. By June 2002, 1 1, 2/3 of the time had passed, but the project was only 1/3 completed. At this time, Huang proposed to set up an investment and financing platform for Chongqing's high-grade highway construction, to pool all kinds of scattered funds, to form a scale advantage, to improve financing credit, and then to borrow from banks to solve the problem of insufficient funds.
High investment can be described as dangerous and arises at the historic moment. It used the registered capital of 65.438+0.37 billion yuan injected by Chongqing municipal government to incite the credit loans of major banks to a total of about 65.438+0.65438+0.8 billion yuan, achieving the effect of "four to two". At the end of 2003, the "8-hour Chongqing" project was completed one after another.
2. Repurchase1680km county and township roads. In five years, Gaotou repurchased 40 expressway in various districts and counties of Chongqing, with a mileage of1.68km, and cancelled 2 1 toll station. Although it's a bit like "officials advance and people retreat", public welfare infrastructure construction should be led by the government, which is also the original intention of the government investment platform.
3, the construction of county highway network. Following the "8-hour Chongqing" project, the highway trunk network in Chongqing has been further developed and improved. More than 3000 kilometers of 36 inter-county networking highways have been built. Every two adjacent counties are connected by at least one or two high-grade highways. About 70% of towns and villages in Chongqing and nearly 25 million people directly benefited.
4. Take the lead in canceling all government repayment fees for western secondary roads. In 2009, the state promulgated the policy of "gradually and orderly canceling the government's repayment of secondary road fees". Although the secondary roads in the western region are not within the scope of this cancellation, Huang decided to cancel all the charges of all secondary roads repaid by the government in Chongqing. As a result, the annual operating income of Gaotou lost more than 8 billion yuan, but Chongqing received more than 654.38 billion yuan of central subsidies. This is the second single project in Chongqing that the central government directly subsidizes more than 654.38+0 billion yuan after the Three Gorges Project.
5, from high investment to tourism. Tourist routes are inseparable from roads connecting scenic spots. No matter how good the tourist attractions are, they can only be hidden in the depths without roads. In 2006, Chongqing was renamed Gaotou Rubber Travel Group. This is the strategic transformation of Chongqing municipal government for high investment. This includes the Chongqing Municipal Government's accurate understanding of the dependence of tourism on transportation facilities, giving full play to the advantages of high investment in road construction, and making transportation and tourism interact and promote each other. Jiaolv Group, transformed from Gaotou Gorgeous, quickly put forward the concept of "tourism management integration", and successively set up three subsidiaries, namely "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River", "Urban Tourism" and "Wujiang Gallery", to integrate and build various scenic spots in Chongqing at the fastest speed.
(B) "Road for land" model
The representative is the construction of the Yangtze River Bridge in Changshou District. Its operation mode is that Gaotou is responsible for the construction of the bridge, Changshou District allocates 5000 mu of land near the bridge to Gaotou, and Gaotou applies for a loan from the bank with the land as collateral, which will be handed over to Changshou District after the bridge is completed. At this time, all 5,000 mu of land owned by Gaotou has increased by nearly 300 million.
Try to guess: Generally speaking, roads are the most basic and important public infrastructure. Wherever the road is built, the land will appreciate. For many district and county governments, most of them have limited financial resources and want to build roads but have no money. Chongqing's model is that high investment cooperates with districts and counties, and districts and counties give high investment first. If Gaotou needs financing, it will take out the land mortgage loan, and then Gaotou will be responsible for building roads for districts and counties. The road has been repaired and the land has increased in value. Districts and counties can easily use the repaired roads to develop and engage in industries. Adopt the idea of "land for roads".
Intransitive verb Kaitou bus construction operation group
The full name of Kaitou is Chongqing Urban Traffic Development Investment (Group) Co., Ltd., which is formed by the merger and reorganization of Chongqing Development Investment Company (this Kaitou can be regarded as an old Kaitou), bus group and station group. Mainly responsible for the investment, financing and construction of urban transportation infrastructure. Focus on the construction and operation of railways, light rail, buses, stations and civil aviation. The registered capital is 3.464 billion yuan, and the current total assets are about 30 billion yuan. The current chairman is Ren Dingchun, the former owner of the Municipal Communications Commission.
Huang is still personally responsible for the investment restructuring. There are three backgrounds: First, Chongqing plans to build a new 180 km light rail from 2008 to 2065, 438+02 (Chongqing only built a 20 km light rail in the past 10) and 69 bus stops, which need huge funds and need to be realized through investment and financing. The second is to straighten out the system and integrate resources. Before the integration, sometimes it is very simple and complicated to listen to the opinions of the three enterprises respectively. After the integration, how to develop urban traffic is directly discussed and solved at the company's board meeting, where to build bus lines, where to lay light rails and where to build stations, and make unified and coordinated arrangements. It is predicted that in 2065 438+07-2020, Chongqing needs to make great efforts to develop into the sixth megacity in China and the first megacity in the inland.
Huang even plans to build an urban railway loop with an investment of10 billion yuan, so that citizens can commute by train.
Kaitou was established late, and there is no bright spot and generosity in the operation of platforms such as Yufu and Chengtou for the time being. However, it is conceivable that Kaitou almost integrated the stock assets of all public transport systems in Chongqing and monopolized all public transport industries in Chongqing. For a mega-city, public transportation is the most basic public service, and as long as it can keep smooth, it is a kind of generosity in itself. Tongda Tongda, now it is connected, can it not be reached? Mayor Fan Qi, strange man!
Seven, water investment-the founder of aquaculture, the national water investment sample.
The full name of Shuitou is Chongqing Water Conservancy Investment (Group) Co., Ltd., which is the investment and financing platform for water conservancy construction in Chongqing and the first provincial water conservancy investment group in the national water conservancy industry. Founded in 2003, the registered capital is 65.438+63.9 million yuan. The main business includes: large and medium-sized water source projects, pollution control projects, small and medium-sized hydropower station project development, comprehensive management of water resources outside the main city 17 districts and counties, and land reserve functions. The background of the establishment of Shuitou is Chongqing's ninth five-year plan water conservancy project and Zeyu water conservancy project. Its investment and financing can be described as bright spots.