Huizhou (Anhui means Anqing and Huizhou), which was called Xin 'an in ancient times, has a history of more than 2,211 years since Qin established the county. Xindu County, Xin 'an County, Zhangzhou and so on were established successively. In the third year of Xuanhe in Song Huizong (AD 1121), it was changed to Huizhou, and it was unified into "one government and six counties". In October, 1987, the State Council approved the change of Huizhou to Huangshan City. Huizhou mentioned in this article is still within the scope of "one government and six counties".

1. The verve of Chinese painting-Huangshan Mountain, when I met the sea of clouds on the Lion Peak and the pine trees on the Qifeng Peak, I realized that the freehand brushwork of China landscape painting really came from nature! The traditional reputation of "Huangshan comes back without looking at Yue" is worthy of the name (considering that the literati of past dynasties mainly lived in the Han culture area east of the east-west climate boundary of Chinese territory, Huangshan is one of the famous mountains, which is not very comparable to the iceberg snow mountain that has gained fame in recent years), it is no wonder that Zhang Daqian, a master of Chinese painting, went to Huangshan again and again to sketch.

Xin 'an School of Painting: Cheng Zheng of Yuan Dynasty was the pioneer, and the style of Xin 'an School of Painting began to form in Ming Dynasty. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the four schools of Haiyang, namely Jiang Tao (Jian Jiang), Cha Shibiao, Sun Yi and Wang Yuanrui, emerged with unusual trends. They advocated learning from nature, expressing their feelings with pen and ink, and making bold innovations, which brought new life to the painting circles in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

2. Huizhou architecture

The traditional folk houses (or China folk houses in foreigners' impression) are just like Hongcun, so it's no wonder that the houses next to Moon Marsh are stamped with folk houses.

Huizhou architecture is characterized by tile, powder wall and horse head wall, with brick carving, wood carving and stone carving as decorative features, and with high houses, deep wells and halls as home features. Huizhou's residential buildings are surrounded by high walls, which are called "bank up Wall" (white wall and Daiwa Horsehead Wall). Huizhou-style architecture fully embodies distinctive features in terms of town planning, plane and space treatment, and comprehensive application of architectural carving art, especially in residential buildings, ancestral halls and memorial archways, which are known as "Three Wonders of Huizhou Ancient Architecture".

Now, you can visit Huizhou Mansion (almost all other places have been destroyed), and visit the residential buildings in Xidi area of Hongcun, yi county. There are many ancestral temples scattered in Huizhou area, as well as the ancient Paifang Group in Shexian County (it is said that it is the place where the Seven Doors of Qiong Yao TV were filmed), and all kinds of wonderful buildings are clustered in Huizhou.

3. Hui Opera and Peking Opera

If you want to talk about China elements, you must talk about Peking Opera.

Huizhou Opera was formed by the evolution of Huizhou artists on the basis of absorbing Yiyang Opera and Western Qin Opera in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. By the mid-Qing Dynasty, Huizhou opera was popular all over the country, and it had formed a perfect drama with equal emphasis on singing, reading, doing and playing. The "Four Huizhou Classes" moved from Yangzhou to Beijing, pushing Huizhou Opera to its peak. During the Daoguang period, the combination of Hui opera and Han opera produced Peking Opera.

4. Four Treasures of the Study

This is also a typical China element, with pen and ink.

Huizhou is a famous producing area of Hui ink stone and Hui ink, which can be seen everywhere in shopping streets up to now. There is also a Hui ink cake made of black sesame seeds, which is very distinctive (edible Hui ink), Hui ink, Cheng Xin Tang paper and Wang Boli pen. Huizhou, Four Treasures of the Study is very complete, but the national popularity of the latter two is relatively small.

5. Neo-Confucianism

When I was studying history, I knew that Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism was highly respected in the Southern Song Dynasty. Although I was disgusted with his abnormal thought of demanding chastity and heroic women, I had to admit that Neo-Confucianism was also a school that had a great influence in the history of China's thoughts.

The spread and influence of Neo-Confucianism in Xin 'an is particularly profound, and it is called "Xin 'an Neo-Confucianism" in the world. The founders of Neo-Confucianism, Luoyang Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and the master of Wuyuan Zhu Xi, all have their ancestral homes in Ruodun, Shexian County, so they are called "Cheng Zhu Queli". Zhu Xi established a strict ideological system of Neo-Confucianism, integrated Taoist and Zen thoughts into Confucianism, and put forward a series of important ideological categories, such as "Heaven", "Qi", "Knowing things" and "Knowing behavior". He believes that "reason" is supreme and all-encompassing, so it is called "Neo-Confucianism".

6. Tea

Tea is also a typical element of China and has always been a big branch of traditional trade.

Huizhou tea has a long history, with written records handed down from generation to generation for more than 1,211 years. Shexian is the largest tea-producing county in China, with a long history of "Qihong" and "Tunlu", which are well-known at home and abroad. Huangshan Mao Feng, Taiping Monkey Kui and Dinggu Dafang are among the top ten famous teas in China.

Huizhou tea culture is rich in accumulation, and there are countless tea poems, paintings and works in the past dynasties. Tea merchants and tea merchants have made great achievements, and the time-honored brands such as Wu Yutai and Zhang Yiyuan (both of whom are from Shexian County) are still shining.

7. Traditional Chinese Medicine

This is also a typical traditional element of China

Xin 'an medicine: it originated in the Northern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. From the Song Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty, 543 famous doctors emerged, and more than 461 medical books were compiled and compiled, some of which were spread to North Korea and Japan. The famous book "Medical Theory" written by Zhang Gao in Song Dynasty is 11 volumes, which is the earliest existing book in China containing a large number of biographies of medical history figures and medical historical materials, and is also the first relatively complete medical work in Xin 'an. Qimen Wang Ji wrote "Shishan Medical Records" in 3 volumes, which is eclectic in clinical practice and good at seeing and feeling the pulse. The 12-volume "Medical Records of Famous Doctors" compiled by Shexian River is the first monograph in China to collect medical records of famous doctors from Bian Que, Canggong, Huatuo and Yuan and Ming Dynasties.

8. Huizhou merchants

9. Taoism

11. Abacus calculation

11. Huizhou-style Pu Xue

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12, seal cutting, printmaking, wood carving, book carving, etc.