The forest vegetation coverage rate of Fenghuang Mountain is 91%, and the vegetation type is the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the south subtropical zone. There are many kinds of trees in Phoenix Mountain. The natural tree species mainly include Yinxiang, Sapium sebiferum, Yajiaomu, Ficus microcarpa, Ficus altissima, Peacock Bean, Longan, Monkey Earrings, etc. The artificially cultivated tree species mainly include Pinus massoniana, Pinus elliottii, Acacia formosana, Acacia macrophylla, and tree species, etc. The forest land in Phoenix Mountain area has all been classified as national ecological public welfare forest.

The terrain and landforms in the area around Phoenix Mountain are rich and varied, and there are many mountains and peaks. The Phoenix Mountain is 437 meters above sea level, including Da Nan Shan, Xiao Nan Shan, Dajingding, Loquat Land, Baiheding, Wangtian Lion, Jianshan, Zhenzi Paiding, Honghua Mountain, Nanguoshen, Zhoukeng Mountain, Jingdongshan, Baishaling, Yaguimen and so on.

Fenghuang Mountain is rich in water resources and there are many streams in the area. There are Zhuhai Reservoir, Dajingshan Reservoir, Meixi Reservoir, Zhengkeng Reservoir and Youth Reservoir.

Unveiling the Mystery of Phoenix Mountain

This mountain, which lies in the north of Xiangzhou, the main city of Zhuhai, is still shrouded in mystery. Most Zhuhai people know little about it. Only well-trained explorers can sigh the infinite charm of Phoenix Mountain when they enter the mountain and come out. More tourists are likely to get lost in the mountain or even be trapped in Phoenix Mountain. This mountain, which is covered by virgin forest, quietly watches the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone changing with each passing day, but it has increasingly become a mysterious situation in the hearts of Zhuhai people.

the ancient official road. Sun Yat-sen may have walked here. Sun Yat-sen set foot on the road of studying medicine here

Every time we climb the Phoenix Mountain, we always feel nostalgic, especially when you walk on an ancient road that has been covered by weeds. The roadbed of unknown age has already been covered with moss, and it is hidden and present intermittently under your feet. Liang Zhenxing, a researcher of the Literature and History Committee of Zhuhai Municipal Political Consultative Conference, told the reporter that three ancient paths were built in Fenghuang Mountain in history, and they gradually became abandoned after the Qiguan Highway before liberation and the coastal national defense highway after the establishment of New China. However, in the hundreds of years of history from the Song Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, these ancient paths were the only way for Guangzhou, Dongguan and other places to lead to Zhuhai and Macao.

the eastern route: the only way for Song officials to take refuge

Among the ancient trails of Fenghuang Mountain, the ancient official road of Song Dynasty, which enjoys a long reputation, is the eastern route. Liang Zhenxing said that this road is the "ancient road" and "official road" of the ancient Fenghuang Mountain East Road, which existed in the Song Dynasty. At the end of the Song Dynasty, officials from the north took refuge and officials from the Ming Dynasty examined Macao through this road. Because this road connects Cuiheng Village in Zhongshan today with Macau, it is very likely that Sun Yat-sen passed through Zhuhai when he was studying medicine in Macau in his early years.

On this ancient road, the only well-preserved facilities are Daguan Bridge. Daguan Bridge is located in the east of Shangzha Village in Jinding Town. The middle of the bridge is slightly higher. A stone carving stands in the southeast, engraved with the three characters "Daguan Bridge", and the inscription is "Meng Qiu in the 22nd year of Guangxu Bingshen, Shangzha Dunhua Shantang advocates building". This bridge is the only bridge between Tangjia, Shangxiazha and other villages to Cuiheng and Shiqi in ancient times. It was built in 1896 and is still intact.

Middle Line: Changnan Trail, an ancient road for merchants from the Qing Dynasty to and from here

This ancient trail can be regarded as the shortest of the three, starting from Guantang Village in Jinding Town and ending at Dongkeng Village in Qianshan Town, and running through Fenghuang Mountain from north to south. The total length is about 5 kilometers, all of which are narrow paths. It is dangerous to split mountains and cut stones into roads. When encountering steep slopes, slabs will be paved into steps. On a stone wall halfway, there is a cliff stone carving engraved with the words "She Feifan rebuilt Changnanjing in the third year of Yongzheng". Liang Zhenxing said that the Changnan Ancient Trail had been formed as early as the Kangxi period. Later, with the increasing number of people coming to Macao to do business in Shiqi, Zhongshan and Huitong, Zhuhai, local merchants raised funds to rebuild this ancient trail during the Yongzheng period. In addition, at that time, villagers such as Xiazha and Guantang traveled between Qianshan and Macao, mainly taking this road.

West Line: Guhe Ancient Trail Linzexu No Smoking Road passes through here

Among the three ancient trails, the least known one is Guhe Ancient Trail, which starts from Xiangshan County (now Shiqi in Zhongshan) and passes through Sanxiang, Yongmo and Guhe to Qianshan. Liang Zhenxing said that this ancient path also originated in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and it was the only way from Shiqi in Zhongshan to Zhuhai at that time. In the 19th year of Daoguang (1839), Lin Zexu, an imperial envoy, went to Macau to ban smoking. It is said that he lived in Xiangshan County at night, and the next morning he hurried to Qianshan for lunch. When I was in Qianshan at noon, I felt it, and wrote two poems, No Smoking Poetry and Ten Nothing. In particular, "Ten Nothing" is full of classic Confucian theories, which have been sung so far.

Cross this small bridge and you will enter the Phoenix Mountain. Xiaoqiao Shuiyan has also become a landscape of Phoenix Mountain.

Literati and men of letters cast stone streams

If you don't want to climb mountains for visiting historical sites, you can visit other historical sites around the foot of Fenghuang Mountain in the urban area. Among them, the most representative stone carvings are Yinkeng and Shixi Cliff.

Silver Pit: The splendor of Xiangshan in the Song Dynasty is hidden

The establishment of a county in Zhuhai in the Southern Song Dynasty is closely related to the silver mine produced by Xiangshan Cliff in Fenghuang Mountain. Xiangshan Cliff is now the Silver Pit. Xiangshan Cliff is located in Fengmen Aoling, about 1.5 km west of Yinkeng in Tangjiawan. According to "Guangzhou Fuzhi", "At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were occasional silver mines in the sea about a hundred miles south of Hengshiji (now Hengmen, Zhongshan City), and even family migrants gathered in the waterlogged land by the sea. The villagers took turns to enter the mine in the morning and evening, and dug a lot of white cymbals, all of which were transported to Rainbow Square in the west of the house, where silver was cast by the official kiln drums ...

Go through a quarry along the path of Yinquan Garden today, then wade through a vast and dense reed field, follow the sound of running water, climb all the way to the end of the stream path, and you will be in the "Silver Pit". This tunnel is only three or four meters wide, but the stone walls on both sides are as high as more than ten meters, which is extremely steep. It used to be a lively miners' field, where workers mined for sand for years and slept in the wind, but all the silver mines produced by blood and sweat went to Shanggong Guanlu Field in Guangzhou.

Shixi: A Gathering of Modern Literati Mo Bao

Behind the Shanchang Station in the middle section of Meihua West Road at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain, there is an elegant place where many Zhuhai literati left Mo Bao from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. This is the famous cliff stone carving group in Zhuhai-Shixi. From a distance, a long and narrow white stone canyon looms among the pine forests at the top of the mountain, and the stream gurgles down from the crevices of the canyon, which is crisp and pleasant. Along the jagged rocks along the stream, the "Shimen" of Shixi in the Songtao Bamboo Sea on both sides has stood in front of us.

Teacher Yang Changzheng of Zhuhai Museum said that the original name of Shixi was "Watergate" because the two big stones at the waterfall of the mountain stream looked like portals, so it was named. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, Bao Jun, a calligrapher in Xiangshan Park, carved the word "Shixi" on the boulder on the left side of Shimen. Since then, people have called this place "Shixi".

It can be said that the discovery of Shixi was made because Phoenix Mountain nurtured a generation of talented people like Bao Jun, and it was possible to have the cliff stone carvings in Shixi at the initiative of literati headed by Bao Jun, and also to have a batch of calligraphy Mo Bao that we can still appreciate today.

Fenghuang Mountain Martyrs Cemetery. The cemetery provides a new place for people to carry out patriotism education and revolutionary tradition education.