First of all, you should quickly identify which direction of your room is on fire, and then decide the escape route to avoid straying into the crater.
If you find that doors, windows, passages and stairs have been sealed by fireworks, but it is still possible to rush out, you can pour some water on your head and body, or cover your head with wet towels and sheets, wrap your body with wet blankets and quilts, and rush out of the danger zone.
If the smoke is too thick, people can't walk upright. They can crawl on the ground or under the wall and cross the dangerous area. When the stairs have collapsed and the adjacent passages are blocked, you can enter another room through the balcony or window, and then quickly escape to the indoor dedicated fire elevator or outdoor fire stairs.
If the door has been sealed by fire, don't open it easily to avoid causing fire to enter the room. Pour more water on the door to prolong the diffusion time. While waiting, stretch out a dress from the window or shout loudly to attract the attention of rescuers.
If there are rain pipes, water pipes or lightning rods outside the building window, you can use these to climb down; You can also use a strong rope. (If you can't find it at the moment) You can tear quilts, sheets and curtains into strips and twist them into ropes. One end is tied to the window frame or bedstead, and then slowly descends. If the distance from the ground is too high, you can kick open the window glass when you go down to the non-dangerous floor, and then go downstairs from there after entering.
If the house is close to the roof, you can also go directly to the roof platform or balcony and wait patiently for the arrival of rescuers, but don't jump directly anyway.
What should we do when the fire comes?
We should follow this principle:
(1) If there is a fire downstairs, and it is far away, then stay at home, call the fire department, clearly tell the fire and your location, and wait for rescue. Never climb to the top of the building, which will make rescuers spend more time saving you.
(2) If there is a fire upstairs or on the same floor, you must go downstairs immediately. If the door is hot, or the corridor is full of smoke, go and find another exit at once. Call the police after successful escape.
If all exits are blocked, go back to your room immediately and take protective measures. Call the fire department and stand at the window for help.
Be calm in case of fire and don't give up hope.
How to call the police correctly?
① Remember that the telephone number of the fire alarm is "1 19".
(2) Find out the fire location, what area, what road, what community, several buildings and number. When there are duplicate names, distinguish them so as not to find the wrong one. When the names are similar in pronunciation and easy to be confused, they should be emphasized clearly. It can be explained when there are landmark buildings around.
No one can lie about the fire alarm. If we find someone lying about the fire alarm, we have the right to stop it, and we should stop it in time.
How can I escape quickly?
Escape is a race against time. Once you hear the fire alarm or realize that you may be surrounded by fireworks, don't hesitate to run out of the room and try to escape. Don't delay the chance to escape.
In order to escape quickly, we did the following work in advance:
(1) for familiar environment, such as home and school, to clearly know the location of the stairs and exits, make a detailed escape plan, the necessary escape drills.
(2) For public places, it is necessary to form such a habit. No matter where you go, you should pay attention to the location of fire exits, safety exits and evacuation passages, and remember the escape route maps of public places such as shopping malls, hotels and restaurants, so as to escape in time in case of fire.
What safety precautions should be taken to escape from the fire?
(1) The carbon monoxide produced in the fire will lead to suffocation and death. At the same time, the hot air generated by combustion will seriously burn the soft tissue of the respiratory system and even cause suffocation and death after being inhaled by us. So when we have to escape through a passage full of smoke, we can soak the towel, fold it to cover our nose and mouth, and use urine when there is no water. If there is no towel around, you can use napkins, masks and clothes instead. When crossing the smoke area, you can't take the towel away even if you feel difficult to breathe.
(2) If you want to escape from the smoky passage, you can pour some cold water on your head and body, and wrap your body with wet clothes, wet sheets and wet blankets. Bend over or crawl through the danger zone. This is because the space within 60 cm from the ground is less smoky and safer.
What should I pay attention to when running away?
① Don't walk blindly, and quickly recall the escape route. When you meet doors and windows, you should first touch the handle with the back of your hand. If the temperature is not high, open the doors and windows again. If it is very hot, don't open the door, otherwise it will add fuel to the fire or "fire into the room."
② You can't take the elevator. Because after a fire, the elevator is often a passage for smoke, and the running elevator may suddenly stop when it breaks down.
(3) Don't shout loudly, lest smoke enter your mouth and cause suffocation and poisoning.
(4) When many trapped people escape, if they see the person in front fall down, they should be lifted up in time to avoid trampling, causing channel blockage and unnecessary casualties.
What if there is no escape route?
In the case of no escape, we should actively seek temporary shelters to protect ourselves and escape at the right time. If you are in a comprehensive multi-functional large-scale building, you can use the refuge room located at the end of the elevator, corridor and near the bathroom to avoid the harm of fireworks. If we are in a building without shelter, we should create a shelter to fight the fire and survive. First of all, you should close the doors and windows of the room facing the fire and open the doors and windows facing the fire, but don't break the glass. When smoke comes in through the window, you should close the window quickly. If smoke comes in from the seams of doors and windows or other holes, it should be blocked with towels, sheets and other items, or hung with flame retardant items such as wet quilts, wet blankets and wet sheets, and sprayed with water on the doors, windows and shelters of the fire, and finally soaked with all combustible materials indoors until the fire was put out. In addition, when trapped, you should take the initiative to contact the outside world in order to be rescued as soon as possible. If there is a telephone, walkie-talkie or mobile phone in the room, call the police in time. Without these communication devices, flags or clothes of various colors can be waved and articles can be thrown out during the day. At night, you can shake lit lighters and matches, turn on electric lights and flashlights for help, and choose an opportunity to escape until the fire brigade comes to rescue and escape, or when it can be evacuated. In the process of escape, fire doors, fire shutter doors and other fire partitions should be closed in time if possible, and the ventilation and smoke exhaust system should be started to win the rescue opportunity of escape.
When all passages are blocked by smoke and fire, you can use strong ropes, or tear open curtains, sheets, bedding, etc. Strip, twist into a rope, wet it with water, then tie it to a solid heating pipe, window frame and bedstead, and slowly slide to the ground along the wall along the rope or go down to the floor without fire to get out of danger.
If you are trapped by fire on the second floor, you can unconditionally take other ways to save yourself. If you can't get help, you can jump off a building and escape. However, before jumping off the building, some soft items such as quilts, pillows, mattresses and coats should be thrown to the ground for a "soft landing". Then grab the windowsill with both hands, and the body, head and feet naturally droop, so as to reduce the jumping height and make the feet fall on soft objects first. If you are trapped in a tall building with more than three floors, don't jump off the building in a hurry, because it is too high from the ground, and it is easy to cause serious injury and death. Don't risk jumping off a building whenever you have the chance.
What are the necessary things in the room?
Cotton towel, mineral water, flashlight, telephone, long rope.
What if the teaching building is on fire?
When eureka tower is on fire, don't panic and run around. You should calmly find out the location of the fire, determine the wind direction, and leave the fire quickly against the wind before the fire spreads.
In case of fire, if the corridor is sealed by fireworks, the doors and indoor vents should be closed immediately to prevent smoke from entering. Then cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and water your clothes to avoid burns. If there is only smoke and no fire in the corridor, you can put a large transparent plastic bag on your head to prevent smoke from irritating your eyes and inhaling the respiratory tract, and take a low posture to escape from the fireworks area.