What is the general procedure of mechanical equipment installation?

General procedures for mechanical equipment installation

(1) Unpacking inventory of equipment: Before the equipment is transported to the site for installation, the general contractor shall be responsible for counting, registering and inspecting the installed mechanical equipment one by one with the owner (or its representative) or the supplier * * according to the equipment packing list and equipment technical documents, and inspecting and accepting its important components according to quality standards. After the inspection, both parties shall sign for confirmation and hand over.

(2) Foundation setting out (equipment positioning): Determine the installation datum line according to the equipment layout and the axes or sideline lines and elevation lines of related buildings. The equipment connected, connected or arranged with each other shall release the same installation baseline; When necessary, general or permanent target plates or reference points shall be buried; Determine the specific foundation position line and foundation elevation line.

(3) Equipment foundation inspection:

● The foundation construction unit shall provide the equipment foundation quality certificate: mainly check whether its concrete mix ratio, concrete curing and concrete strength meet the design requirements.

● If there is doubt about the strength of equipment foundation, the strength of foundation can be re-measured by rebound instrument or steel ball impact mark method.

● Foundation appearance inspection: mainly check whether there are quality defects such as honeycomb and pits on the foundation surface.

● Measurement and inspection of foundation position and geometric dimensions: The main inspection items include the coordinate position of foundation, different plane elevations, plane outline dimensions, boss outline dimensions, groove dimensions, plane levelness, foundation verticality, elevation and center distance of embedded anchor bolts, center position, depth and verticality of embedded anchor bolt holes, elevation and center position of embedded movable anchor bolts.

● Preloading test of heavy equipment foundation is a preventive measure to prevent unqualified equipment installation due to uneven foundation settlement after installation of heavy equipment. The pre-pressure of foundation preloading test should not be less than the sum of forces acting on the equipment foundation when the equipment is running at full load, and the observation datum point should not be affected by foundation settlement. There should be at least four observation points, evenly distributed around the foundation. Observation should be carried out regularly until the foundation is basically stable. Detailed records should be made during the observation period.

For heavy equipment with low installation level, foundation preloading test is not carried out before installation, and foundation settlement observation is only carried out during trial operation of the equipment.

(4) Equipment in place: The equipment is safely placed on the foundation, which accounts for a large part of the industrial equipment installation project, and mainly requires the hoisting operation. Heavy equipment with high installation position is difficult to lift and will cost a lot of money. For the removed equipment, the equipment base should be put away first.

(4) Accuracy detection and adjustment: Accuracy detection and adjustment is the key link of mechanical equipment installation engineering and an important index of installation engineering quality. It includes almost all position accuracy items and some shape accuracy items, involving error analysis, dimension chain principle and precision measurement technology.

Precision detection is to detect the relative position errors between equipment and parts, such as verticality, parallelism and coaxiality.

Adjustment is to adjust the position and state of the equipment itself and each other according to the technical requirements of equipment installation (specified in the manual or the accompanying technical documents of the equipment) and the results of precision testing, such as the installation level, verticality, parallelism and inclination of the equipment.

(5) Equipment fixation: Except for a few movable mechanical equipment, most mechanical equipment must be firmly fixed on the equipment foundation. Especially heavy, high-speed, vibrating machinery and equipment, if not firmly fixed, may lead to major accidents.

For dismantled equipment, the base should be fixed in place before assembly.

(6) Dismantling, cleaning and assembling: Dismantling, cleaning and assembling the dismantled mechanical equipment and the whole mechanical equipment that has exceeded the rust-proof storage period. This is a delicate process. If it is improperly cleaned or assembled, it will affect the normal operation of the equipment in the future. The general steps of equipment assembly are as follows:

Be familiar with the equipment assembly drawing, technical description and equipment structure, clean the assembly site, understand the equipment structure and matching accuracy, determine the assembly method, and prepare tools and materials.

The collection and inspection of parts include appearance inspection and matching accuracy inspection, and the inspection should be recorded.

Clean parts and apply lubricating oil (grease): The mating surface of equipment assembly must be cleaned and coated with lubricating oil (grease) (unless there are special requirements), which is a necessary measure to ensure that the mating surface is not easy to rust and easy to disassemble.

Assembly: From the beginning of assembly, from small to large, from simple to complex.

Assembly of parts: Assemble parts into parts.

General assembly: the general assembly is carried out in parts, with the main engine first and then the auxiliary engine.

(7) Lubrication and equipment refueling: this is a necessary condition to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment. The lubricating oil path and lubricating parts shall be clean, the lubricant selection shall be reasonable, the quality shall meet the requirements, and the amount of equipment oil and lubricant shall be appropriate.

(8) Adjustment and trial operation: it is an important link to comprehensively check the quality of equipment manufacturing and equipment installation, involving many professions and personnel, and needs careful organization and unified command.

(9) Project acceptance: After the equipment has passed the trial operation, the project acceptance shall be handled in time.

2. Factors affecting the installation accuracy of equipment and control methods of installation accuracy.

Factors affecting equipment installation accuracy

● Construction quality (accuracy) of foundation: including geometric size and position of foundation, elevation of different planes, flatness of upper plane and deviation of parallelism with horizontal plane; Strength, stiffness, settlement, inclination and seismic performance of foundation.

● Installation quality (accuracy) of pad iron and anchor bolt: including the quality of pad iron itself, contact quality of pad iron, verticality of anchor bolt with horizontal plane, secondary grouting quality, compactness of pad iron, fastening torque of anchor bolt, etc.

● The selection of equipment measurement datum is directly related to the final quality of the whole equipment installation, alignment and leveling. During installation, the measuring datum is generally selected on the processing surface of equipment base, fuselage, shell, frame, lathe bed, bedplate and foundation plate.

● Assembly accuracy of bulk equipment; Including relative motion accuracy between moving parts, mating accuracy between mating surfaces and contact quality, these assembly accuracy will directly affect the running quality of equipment.

● The accuracy of the measuring device must meet the accuracy requirements of the device under test, otherwise it cannot meet the quality requirements.

● Influence of internal stress of equipment: The internal stress generated in the process of equipment manufacturing and installation will deform the equipment and affect the installation accuracy of the equipment. Therefore, technical measures should be taken to prevent internal stress in the process of equipment manufacturing and installation.

● The change of temperature has a great influence on the equipment foundation and equipment itself (including foundation, equipment and measuring devices), especially large and precision equipment.

● Error caused by operation: Operation error is inevitable, and the key to the problem is to control the operation error within the allowable range. Control method of installation accuracy

The method to improve the installation accuracy should start from the aspects of people, machines, materials, methods and environment, with special emphasis on the role of entry. Select personnel with corresponding technical level to engage in corresponding work, adopt appropriate advanced construction technology, equip with complete and appropriate construction machinery and measuring instruments with appropriate accuracy, and operate in appropriate environment to improve installation quality and ensure installation accuracy. The control method of installation accuracy is as follows:

● Try to eliminate and avoid the factors that affect the installation accuracy.

● According to the design accuracy and structural characteristics of the equipment, select appropriate and reasonable assembly and adjustment methods. Adjust by using the position of compensatable parts or selecting a suitable fixed compensator or a group of compensators to offset the excessive accumulated installation error.

● Choose reasonable detection methods, including detectors and measurement methods, and the accuracy level should meet the accuracy requirements of the detected equipment.

● Choose repair method when necessary: the repair method is to supplement compensation parts to offset excessive accumulated installation errors. This method is only used when the adjustment method cannot be solved.

● Reasonably determine the deviation and its direction: certain deviation is allowed during equipment installation. If the installation accuracy is within the allowable range, the equipment installation is qualified. However, some deviations are directional and are generally specified in the equipment technical documents. When it is not specified in the equipment technical documents, the following principles can be followed:

Is beneficial to offset the influence of the weight of the installed equipment accessories,

It is beneficial to offset the influence of the acting force generated when the equipment is running;

It is beneficial to offset the influence of parts wear,

Is beneficial to offset the influence of oil film between friction surfaces,

It is a complicated and highly technical job to determine the deviation direction of equipment accuracy. For a deviation direction, many factors should be considered, and the deviation direction of installation accuracy should be determined by the main factors.

3, elevator construction technology

The elevator project on the construction site is to combine the whole elevator parts that have not been assembled by the manufacturer with the requirements provided by the construction project to become the whole equipment that meets the functional requirements. Therefore, it can be considered that the elevator project is the continuation of equipment manufacturing. The Regulation on Supervision of Special Equipment stipulates that the manufacturing unit shall be responsible for the verification and debugging results after installation and assembly.

Because the elevator works in a high and deep shaft, there is a big doorway on each floor before installing the landing door, which brings the danger of falling to the operators or other idle people. There is a phenomenon of three-dimensional intersection in shaft operation, so it is very important to formulate safety technical measures to prevent safety accidents in construction.

Construction procedure:

● Report in writing to the safety supervision and management department of special equipment where the project is located.

● Check and appraise the civil works of elevator shaft to determine whether its shape and size meet the civil layout and other requirements provided by installed elevators.

● Protective railings shall be set for reserved holes of landing doors, and temporary cover plates shall be set for reserved holes leading to hoistways in the machine room.

● After setting the datum line in the shaft, install the guide rail.

● Installation of equipment in the machine room, distribution and wiring of pipes in the shaft.

● Install hall doors and other related accessories after car assembly.

● After the no-load test run is qualified, carry out the load test run to check whether the actions of all safety devices are normal and accurate.

● Organize all records and prepare to apply for permission.

Elevator construction management requirements

(1) If the general contractor implements the procurement, supply and supervision of equipment (elevators), the selected manufacturer shall be the manufacturer licensed by the safety supervision and management department of special equipment in the State Council. Only manufacturers with license certificates can be surrounded when bidding for procurement.

(2) Before the elevator is installed, whether it is purchased by itself or provided by the construction unit, in addition to checking the specifications and models, the number of parts and components, and conducting routine inspections such as appearance inspection, we can not ignore the verification of the production license certificate of the elevator body and its safety accessories and safety protection devices, which can be a written document or a license number marked on the nameplate. At the same time, check the random documents of the elevator factory, mainly including:

(3) Whether the elevator installation unit can construct still needs the permission of the safety supervision and management department of special equipment in the State Council. Therefore, when the general contractor needs to choose the elevator installation subcontractor, he can only choose from qualified units. Licensed units include the manufacturer (installed with permission) or the licensed units agreed by the manufacturer through the contract.

(4) Before the elevator installation starts, it shall notify the special equipment safety supervision and management department of the municipality directly under the central government or the city with districts in writing, otherwise it shall not start.

(5) Elevator installation must strictly abide by the requirements of safety technical specifications and accept the guidance and supervision of the manufacturing unit. After the installation is completed, the manufacturing unit will carry out inspection and debugging, and inform the inspection and debugging results to the inspection and testing institutions recognized by the safety supervision and management department of special equipment in the State Council for supervision and inspection. Only elevators that pass the supervision and inspection can be delivered for use.

(6) Within 30 days after the elevator installation is completed and accepted, the construction unit will hand over the relevant technical data to the user, and the user will save the technical data in the safety technical file of the special equipment of the unit.

(seven) the elevator installation unit shall retain professional and technical personnel and skilled workers, and can only take up their posts after passing the training; It is also necessary to keep the capabilities of construction machinery and testing instruments in a good and effective state. At the same time, check the effectiveness of various management systems during installation to prevent failure.

(8) The license for elevator manufacturing and installation is not lifelong, but dynamic, so when ordering or selecting a construction team, we should pay attention to collecting information to prevent mistakes.

4. Equipment management

(1) equipment supervision

The quality of equipment manufacturing will not only affect the quality of installation, but also directly affect the processing accuracy of products, thus affecting the use function, especially in the electromechanical installation project, including the turnkey project of complete sets of equipment, which is a very important and key link. Equipment accounts for a large proportion in the total project price, and unqualified equipment quality may cause great economic losses. Therefore, after the completion of manufacturing, it is necessary to supervise and control the equipment, and carry out inspection and acceptance.

(1) technical points of equipment manufacturing supervision

Prepare the outline of equipment manufacturing supervision and make the manufacturing supervision plan, including the technical points of packaging, storage, transportation and shipment.

(2) The main technical contents of supervision.

● According to the function of equipment operation reliability, classify and list the equipment. According to the function of equipment in the production process, it is generally divided into three categories: one is the equipment that will stop the production process immediately when it breaks down; The second type of equipment will not stop the production process immediately, but can only resume the production process after switching or starting; Three types of equipment do not belong to the above two types of equipment.

● According to the types of equipment, i.e. importance and characteristics, verify different types of equipment in the manufacturing workshop, including manufacturing supervision, factory test acceptance and strengthening supervision in the middle.

● The quality supervision and quality assurance system of equipment manufacturing supervision is a supervision process, involving the whole process of equipment design and manufacturing, and verifying the conformity of important quality characteristics of equipment design and manufacturing with order contracts, applicable standards, drawings and professional specifications. In case of major accidents, the quality assurance system needs to be audited, including technical documents:

Quality assurance documents related to the manufacturing supervision process, such as manuals or outlines, including the list of main procedures;

Control procedures for nonconforming products and their corrective measures during equipment processing, including reporting and approval procedures for major nonconforming crystals;

Supervise production records and check the supervisor's regular reports, such as subcontractor's quality memos and reports.

● Setting of supervision points:

According to the classification of equipment manufacturing supervision, set up supervision control points, including handling the differences between design process and contract requirements. The main points of supervision are as follows:

Stop point supervision: it is set for the most important inspection and test related to equipment safety or performance, and the supervisor supervises the operation on site. The supervisor monitors the operation according to the standard, confirms the process operation at this point, and focuses on verifying the quality and compliance of the requirements of the operator's post conditions.

Evidence supervision: it is set for inspection and test related to the safety or performance of equipment, and the supervisor supervises the operation on site. If the manufacturing supervisor comes to attend for some reason, the manufacturer can carry out the corresponding process operation at this time, and can transfer to the next process after passing the inspection, but the relevant results must be submitted to the manufacturing supervisor for review and approval afterwards.

Supervision of document recording points: the manufacturer is required to provide technical documents such as inspection records, test reports, certificates of conformity or quality assurance certificates of raw materials and accessories for examination and approval, so as to convince the general contractor that the corresponding processes and tests of equipment manufacturing are under control.

(3) Main technical contents of equipment manufacturing supervision and acceptance:

(1) Main basis for equipment supervision and acceptance

● All parameters, model, quantity, performance and other requirements, progress and scope of supply related to the equipment in the equipment orders contract.

● Equipment technical specifications, drawings and bill of materials of the design unit.

● Outline of manufacturing supervision formulated by the general contractor.

(2) Main technical contents of equipment supervision and acceptance

Include that whole process of equipment design, manufacture and inspection.

● Check the differences between important design drawings, documents and technical agreements, and check the differences between main manufacturing processes and design technical requirements.

● Review the quality documents of key raw materials and spare parts, including the consistency between the data in the quality guarantee of main key raw materials, cooperative parts and supporting parts and the re-inspection report of incoming goods and the design requirements.

● Inspection, test reports and records of key parts, test reports and inspection, test records and re-inspection of key processes.

● Test the processing quality characteristic parameters of equipment parts and spare parts specified as the most important points, monitor the technological process and check relevant records.

● Check the appearance quality, interface size, painting, nitrogen filling, protection, packaging and packing of finished equipment, or relevant documents, drawings and guarantee measures.

● Check the equipment, accessories and spare parts, and confirm the completeness of the scope of supply.

● Check the completeness and correctness of the delivered drawings, documents, materials, manuals and finished documents stipulated in the contract.

● Confirm packaging, shipment and transportation.

● Sign witness/acceptance documents or follow-up action plans.

The general procedure of procurement is:

● Prepare the purchase list.

● Conclude a contract.

● Equipment supervision.

● Packaging, transportation and delivery of equipment.

● Equipment acceptance includes equipment manufacturing site acceptance and equipment construction site acceptance.

Equipment acceptance

● Equipment acceptance includes equipment manufacturing site acceptance and equipment construction site acceptance.

● When it is stipulated in the contract that on-site acceptance of equipment manufacturing is required, the on-site acceptance shall be carried out during equipment manufacturing supervision.

● Equipment acceptance requirements shall be implemented in accordance with "1M4 12 142 Main technical contents of equipment acceptance".

● Entry acceptance means that after the equipment transportation arrives at the construction site, the project intends to organize relevant personnel to carry out acceptance according to the specified requirements. This work is generally divided into two stages: entry and installation, that is, the appearance inspection of equipment packaging after entry, which is required to be carried out in accordance with the Incoming Inspection Regulations; The requirements for storage and unpacking inspection before equipment installation shall be implemented in accordance with the Provisions on Equipment Storage and Unpacking Inspection.

The acceptance of imported equipment shall go through the formalities of customs declaration and clearance first. After passing the commodity inspection, the equipment shall be purchased and accepted according to the regulations of imported equipment.

5, material management

(1) The procurement of materials shall meet the requirements of relevant regulations.

● The materials department of the enterprise shall be responsible for the main materials and bulk materials (Class A materials) required for the mechanical and electrical installation project, examine and approve the suppliers, establish the list of qualified suppliers, evaluate the suppliers, sign the supply contract, and ensure the supply work and material quality.

● Class A materials are ordered by the enterprise material department or purchased from the market, and supplied to the project management department as planned. The project management department shall provide the material demand plan to the enterprise material department in time. The project management department, which is far away from the corporate headquarters, is authorized by the legal representative to purchase on site.

● Class B and Class C materials shall be purchased by the project management department authorized by the contractor. The project management department shall prepare the procurement plan and submit it to ministry of materials and equipment for approval, and purchase as planned. The varieties of special and sporadic materials shall be agreed in the Project Management Target Responsibility Letter.

(2) The incoming materials shall be filled in the Receipt Sheet and submitted to the supervisor for approval.

● Inspect the quantity and quality of incoming materials, and make corresponding inspection records and marks. Unqualified materials should be replaced, returned or accepted in concession (degraded use), and unqualified materials are strictly prohibited.

● The measuring equipment of materials must be regularly inspected by qualified institutions to ensure the required measuring accuracy. Unqualified measuring equipment is not allowed to be used.

● The materials entering the site shall have the manufacturer's material certificate (including the name, variety, date, number and test data) and factory certificate. Materials that need to be reinspected should have a sampling inspection certificate report. New materials that have not been tested and identified shall not be used in engineering. Materials prepared on site shall be tested and certified before use.

(3) The materials can be put into storage and managed only after being approved by the supervisor.

● The warehousing materials shall be stacked according to the model and variety, and numbered and identified respectively. It should be piled up reasonably, carefully maintained and carefully inspected to reduce the loss, so as to keep the materials in good quality and accurate quantity during storage and facilitate delivery. Storage should be partitioned, classified and numbered, so as to reduce the storage cost as much as possible.

● During the storage of materials, the following points shall be achieved:

The accounts, cards, materials and quality assurance documents of materials are complete and consistent.

The warehouse layout is reasonable, materials are divided into warehouses, shelves are divided according to materials, layers are divided according to specifications and varieties, and the identification is clear.

Take reasonable means and measures to ensure quality. For example, inflammable and explosive articles should be specially stored and kept by special personnel, and strict fire and explosion prevention measures should be taken. The outer packaging of easily damaged materials should be protected to prevent damage.

For materials with unclear or lost quality identification, if there is an accurate basis, the keeper should re-identify them on the basis of checking the quality assurance documents; If there is evidence, but the correspondence is not strong, the necessary inspection means shall be adopted to identify the material again.

(4) Establish a material use quota acquisition system.

● When distributing materials, the warehouse personnel will distribute the materials to the construction team of the required unit according to the delivery note or picking list issued by the management or technical personnel. The delivered materials shall be reviewed and distributed in strict accordance with the materials specified in the purchase requisition. For materials exceeding the limit, the formalities shall be completed before use, and the material requisition form shall be filled out, indicating the reasons for the over-consumption, which shall be examined and approved by the material management personnel of the project management department.

● The material-using unit or the material picker of the construction team should fill in the material requisition form carefully, indicating the name, material, specification, model, quantity and construction site of the material, and submit it to the warehouse administrator for examination and approval as required.

● When distributing materials, the corresponding quality assurance documents shall be presented. For the acquisition of important items (such as boilers, pressure vessels, etc.), the inspector shall make necessary recheck and sign the requisition form for confirmation.

● At the same time of distributing materials, the warehouse administrator should transplant the necessary marks to ensure that the distributed materials are marked with the same contents as the remaining materials, so as to facilitate traceability.

(5) Establish a material use ledger and implement a material use supervision system.

● Material usage ledger shall record usage and overstock.

● Material management personnel shall supervise the use of materials and establish supervision records.

● For the materials outside the warehouse, the surplus materials and the unqualified materials judged by the quality inspector, the recycling procedures must be handled, so that the work is finished, the materials are clean and the site is clear; The existing problems should be analyzed and dealt with in time.

● The team shall go through the formalities for returning the remaining materials. Materials, packages and containers of facilities shall be recycled, and a recycling ledger shall be established.

● Formulate the storage and use system of turnover materials.

6. Coordinated management

(1) Internal coordination management

The management and technical composition of construction activities of construction enterprises engaged in mechanical and electrical installation are different from other construction activities, mainly manifested in many management objects, fine division of labor, both construction and manufacturing, involving machinery, electronics, light industry, heat engine, heat, electricity, water supply, drainage, transportation, pharmacy, food and other related disciplines. Therefore, the composition of its employees, especially the quality and quantity of technical managers and operators, should be consistent with the construction objects. The capacity, accuracy and quantity of construction machinery, testing equipment and instruments should meet the needs of construction activities of electromechanical installation projects, so as to ensure that different types of construction activities can be carried out smoothly.

Mechanical and electrical installation projects include equipment installation, electrical installation, pipeline installation, ventilation and air conditioning installation, automatic control and instrument installation, metal structure or storage tank container assembly, kiln installation, weak current intelligent installation and other professional construction activities. Therefore, the coordination and cooperation among engineering disciplines, such as schedule arrangement, face exchange, process connection and comprehensive layout of pipelines of various disciplines, should conform to the objective laws of electromechanical installation technology, which is reflected in meeting the engineering design requirements and creating construction conditions for each other.

(2) external coordinated management

In the process of mechanical and electrical installation engineering construction, the project manager department should comprehensively organize, coordinate and control various production factors to ensure the scientific, effective and smooth construction. External coordination refers to the coordination between the mechanical and electrical installation project management department and relevant parties. The external coordination of installation construction mainly includes the following aspects:

(1) Coordination with civil works

● No matter what kind of mechanical and electrical installation project, it is inseparable from the cooperation with civil engineering, and only the complexity and closeness of cooperation are distinguished according to the nature of the project.

● Civil electromechanical installation works are mainly attached to civil works. The progress, quality control, safety and civilized construction of civil engineering is the main line, and the electromechanical installation project is the auxiliary line, which must be obeyed.

● The overall progress of industrial electromechanical installation project should be arranged according to the production process and the operation sequence of each power station (substation, air compressor station, heating station, acetylene station, oxygen station, gas station, water supply pump room, etc.). ). There is no doubt that the electromechanical installation project is in the main line position, and the civil engineering is in the auxiliary line position according to this arrangement principle.

● If the general electromechanical installation contract is implemented in the engineering project, the general electromechanical installation contractor shall carry out overall management of the whole project and be mainly responsible for coordination and cooperation.

(2) Coordination with other interested parties

The coordination and cooperation of mechanical and electrical installation projects also have the side of external stakeholders. In addition to ordering and purchasing special materials, we should also pay attention to the timing and conditions of coordination and cooperation with the following stakeholders, otherwise it will affect the smooth commissioning or use of completed projects:

● Inspection of imported equipment and materials.

● Introduce power supply lines.

● The main water supply pipe is connected.

● Sewage main network.

● Introduction of communication network.

● Municipal gas and heating.

● If it is a large-scale industrial project that implements the general contract of electromechanical installation, it will often involve the construction of railways, ports, waterways and trunk highways, and its connection and operation can not be ignored.

(3) Interface with regulatory agencies

In the mechanical and electrical installation project, the installation of special equipment and fire-fighting equipment under the clear supervision of the government shall be listed in accordance with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations and local regulatory authorities, and all legal procedures shall be handled in accordance with the procedures of inspection, process supervision and final application.

7. Project completion acceptance P 143

8. Engineering warranty

The project warranty embodies the spirit that the project contractor is responsible for the project to the end, and embodies the purpose of "service first, responsible for users" of the construction enterprise. After the project is completed and put into use, the construction unit shall fulfill the warranty obligations agreed in the contract.

(1) Warranty coverage

● If the quality problem is really caused by the construction responsibility or poor construction quality of the construction unit, the construction unit shall be responsible for the repair and bear the repair cost.

● Quality problems are caused by both parties' responsibilities, which should be solved through consultation, and their respective economic responsibilities should be agreed, and the construction unit should be responsible for repairing them.

● The quality problem is caused by the inferior quality of the equipment and materials provided by the construction unit, and the construction unit shall bear the repair cost and assist in the repair.

● The quality problem is due to the responsibility of the construction unit (user), and the repair cost shall be borne by the construction unit.

● The repair of foreign-related projects shall be carried out according to the contract, and the economic responsibility shall be handled according to the above principles.

(2) Warranty time

Calculated from the second day after the completion acceptance, the warranty period of the electrical pipeline, water supply and drainage pipeline and equipment installation project is two years, and the heating and refrigeration project is two heating periods or two cooling periods.

9. Construction unit

10, construction schedule

1 1, project quality control

How to control engineering quality? The main content of quality control is to analyze engineering quality problems.

12, engineering quality problems

13, engineering quality accident

14, quality inspection

15, project cost

Will use quota method and list method for simple calculation.

16, project bidding

procedure

17, contract management