High school Chinese demonstration teaching plan refers to the teaching and research activities that require teachers to teach the teaching standards, teaching materials, teaching process, teaching methods, learning methods and their theoretical basis of a class, and to express the teaching ideas of a class orally before teaching. Obviously, lesson plans can show teachers' thinking process of preparing lessons, teachers' understanding and mastery of curriculum standards, teaching materials and students, and their ability to organize teaching activities by using relevant educational theories and teaching principles.
A successful teaching plan should not only clearly explain how to teach this course well, but also reveal why to teach this course this way in a concise, incisive and logical way. This paper discusses some views on how to make the teaching plan more profound and vivid.
First of all, careful collection and selection of materials is the basis for making the teaching plan profound and vivid.
After the subject is determined, whether your teaching plan can be profound and vivid, so as to attract and convince people, then the collection and selection of information is the most critical step. Otherwise, the content of the lesson plan is not substantial, and it can only show a superficial feeling, but lacks a heavy feeling. What standards should be based on? What materials are selected?
1. Teaching objectives in teaching curriculum standards and teachers' analysis of teaching materials.
2. Relevant education and teaching theories and principles.
3. Students' starting point behavior. This includes students' original knowledge, skills, abilities, learning methods, learning attitudes and other non-intellectual factors.
4. In order to break through or disperse the difficulties in this section, relevant bedding materials are needed.
Second, pruning and tempering the contents of the lesson plan is the guarantee to make the lesson plan profound and substantial.
The remarkable feature of lesson plans lies in reasoning, that is, the organic combination of content and reasoning should be reflected in the whole process of lesson plans. In this way, the lesson plan is scientific, logical and profound through the enrichment and interlocking of the content. What must be done to impress the listener? Say, Lord, stop talking? 、? Big talk or no big talk? 、? Say it in detail, not in rough? . Therefore, it is necessary to temper and delete the content of the lesson plan. How to temper the content of lesson plans?
1. The structure is clear.
A lesson plan that can grasp the listener's heartstrings must have a logical structure that can withstand scrutiny, and the structure of the lesson plan should be well organized while paying attention to the content connection of the textbook itself.
2. Determine clear teaching objectives.
According to the curriculum standards, teaching materials and students' reality, the teaching objectives of this course are determined from the aspects of knowledge, skills, ability, ideology and morality. What if the textbook is a teaching plan? Flesh and blood? , the structure is the lesson plan? Skull? So, the teaching goal is the whole teaching plan? Soul? . In other words, after the goal is determined, the overall arrangement of the teaching plan should be subordinate to the teaching goal, and the goal should not be empty, divorced from the teaching content, but also specific, clear and comprehensive.
3. Accurately analyze the key points and difficulties.
It is necessary to combine the position, function, content and students' starting behavior of the textbook, analyze the key points and difficulties of the textbook, pay special attention to the position, degree and reasons of the difficulties, take key measures to break through or disperse the difficulties, and cultivate students' thinking ability in difficult teaching and learning.
4. Effective teaching methods and means should be adopted.
The choice of teaching methods should be effective, that is, according to the teaching materials and the actual situation of students, choose teaching methods that can arouse students' learning enthusiasm, help cultivate students' ability and adapt to students' individual differences as much as possible, that is, choose teaching methods that can aim at the strings in students' hearts and play in students' hearts. In addition, the adoption of teaching methods should start with giving full play to the teaching role and improving the efficiency of classroom teaching.
5. Design a goal-controlled and enlightening teaching process.
In order to ensure the realization of the established teaching objectives, new courses should be introduced when designing teaching procedures. To sum up, the design of each link should always pay attention to the control of teaching objectives and echo them. In other words, the control of teaching objectives must be carried out, not in form or fancy, with a hammer and a step by step. Focus on all aspects to really complete the task. According to the teaching objectives, all the teaching contents should be selected, edited and itemized? Review? , the detailed is detailed, the slightly slightly, focused, focused.
The design of teaching process should not only pay attention to strengthening target control, but also be enlightening. It should always face all students, choose appropriate teaching starting point, teaching methods and teaching means to inspire and guide them according to their actual level, so that each student can meet the basic requirements stipulated in the syllabus.
Third, forming a system and a manuscript is the key to forming a class thinking mode.
Combine the tempered lesson plans into a complete system according to their internal logic, and organically combine the content and reasoning in the process of sorting out, which is reflected in the whole lesson plan. This process, for lesson preparation teachers, is a tempering process of brain combination ability. What it needs and makes people get is the deepening of cognitive ability, especially the revelation of the essence of some phenomena, so that the teaching plan shows the eloquent essential strength and great persuasiveness; What it needs and makes people get is accurate and meticulous thinking, a thorough and comprehensive view of the problem, and accuracy and appropriateness.
What it needs and makes people get is the agility of thinking, which can capture some phenomena at any time and quickly combine them in the main body of the lesson plan, making it suddenly shine and produce effects; What it needs and makes people get is emotional richness, careful observation of students' feelings about things, and people who are moved between the lines to assist their thoughts and feelings; What it needs and makes people get is the power of logic, which makes the teaching of a class, such as peeling off cocoons and peeling off layers, show its connotation. In short, we need the thinking ability, ways and methods that the lesson planners can process into various elements of the lesson plan and make them interrelated, which are included in the category and trajectory of the lesson plan. This ability and method are formed and practiced in the practice of writing lesson plans. Therefore, the formation of system and lecture notes plays a key role in forming the thinking mode of lesson plans, and can also make lesson plans deeper and more skilled.
Fourthly, the proper use of visual materials is the ladder to make the teaching plan vivid and wonderful.
It doesn't mean that after the lesson plan maker forms the thinking mode of the lesson plan, his lesson plan will be wonderful. Of course, the language (volume, tone, speed of sound) and non-language (expression, eyes, posture) of the lesson plan will affect the effect of the lesson plan. It should be emphasized that the listener is inevitably in a passive state of receiving information only by the monotonous words of the speaker. Distracted? To catch the attention of the listener, arouse the interest of the listener, inspire the listener to leave a deep impression, and be explained and accepted, we can flexibly use the appropriate combination of visual materials in the main body of the lesson plan to make the lesson plan present a vivid and wonderful situation.
Statistics show that if the listener only uses hearing, the information received after 3 hours can only remain 70%, and after 3 days, 10%. If the listener only uses his vision, he can only keep 72% of the information after 3 hours of processing, but he can still keep 20% after 3 days. However, if the listener uses vision and hearing at the same time, the information he receives can remain 85% after 3 hours and 65% after 3 days. This shows the importance of visual materials in teaching plans. Therefore, the time and means of using visual materials should be designed before the teaching plan. Such as blackboard writing, projectors, demonstrations, experiments, special composite slides, pictures, charts, visual teaching AIDS of different colors, the display of objects or pictures, multimedia and so on. It can promote the listener's thinking, induce the listener's sense of participation, and make him understand the content of the lesson plan with the speaker's thinking, so as to achieve the best effect of the lesson plan.
In a word, only with such well-prepared lesson plans can your lesson plans be scientific, logical, persuasive, infectious, substantial, profound, skillful and vivid, and leave a deep impression on the listeners.
The principle that should be followed in teaching plans is that teachers express their teaching ideas and theoretical basis in language, that is, on the basis of preparing lessons independently, a teacher systematically tells his own teaching ideas and theoretical basis to other teachers or teaching and research personnel, and then the listeners comment on them, so as to achieve the purpose of mutual communication and mutual improvement. It is the comprehensive embodiment of teachers' own attitude, thinking and psychological and physiological activities, and it is the process of teachers' re-learning, deepening and improving pedagogy, psychology and educational theory.
As a lesson preparation teacher, you shouldn't just say? Teach what? With students? Learn what? 、? How to teach? And then what? How to learn? , but also from a theoretical height, why do they teach and why do students learn like this. Therefore, the teaching plan can not only reflect teachers' teaching skills, but also reflect teachers' teaching theory level, which is a more comprehensive and comprehensive manifestation of teachers' teaching preparation and overall teaching level.
First, the content of the lesson plan
1, spoken language textbook.
Teachers are required to grasp the textbook as a whole according to the curriculum standards, make clear the position, function, emphasis and difficulty of teaching units or teaching contents in the textbook system of teaching grades and semesters, and fully explain this point, so as to accurately grasp the emphasis and difficulty of the textbook and clarify the knowledge connection before and after teaching.
2. Oral teaching method
It is to ask teachers to talk about the methods and means used in teaching and the theoretical basis for adopting these teaching methods. Teaching should fully reflect? Double autonomy? Principles should be scientific, inspiring and flexible. Teaching methods should be diversified and reflect the principle of intuition. At the same time, it is said that teaching materials should also break through key points, disperse difficulties and analyze doubts.
3. Speaking and learning.
It is required to teach students what kind of learning methods, cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems, and achieve the purpose of learning to learn and developing intelligence. Oral English learning method should combine the teaching objectives, the characteristics of teaching materials and the age characteristics of students, teach students suitable learning methods, and enable students to use learning methods appropriately to achieve their learning goals.
4. Tell me about the teaching process.
It includes concise blackboard writing design, vivid stick figure, transitional natural teaching link, clear teaching ideas and gradually advanced teaching level. Wait a minute.
5. Talk about teaching objectives.
Teaching goal is the goal of classroom teaching and the starting point and destination of a class. It includes knowledge goal, ability goal and moral education goal. The determination of teaching objectives must be based on the requirements of curriculum standards, the task of eugenics in classroom teaching and the reality of teaching objects.
Several principles that should be paid attention to
1, scientific principles-the premise of teaching plan activities
Scientific principle is the basic principle that teaching should follow, and it is also the principle that teaching plans should follow. It is the premise and foundation to ensure the quality of teaching plan. The basic requirements of scientific principles for teaching plans are mainly reflected in the following aspects.
A. teaching material analysis is correct and thorough. In the lesson plan, teachers should not only accurately understand the connotation and extension of each knowledge point from the micro level, but more importantly, correctly grasp the position and role of the textbook content in this lesson in this discipline and this year from the macro level, as well as the knowledge structure system of the content of this lesson, and deeply understand the relationship between knowledge points.
B. the analysis of the learning situation is objective, accurate and realistic. In the teaching plan, teachers should objectively and accurately analyze the learning situation from the original basis and existing difficulties of students' learning this course, so as to provide reliable basis for taking corresponding teaching countermeasures.
C. determine the teaching objectives, which are in line with the requirements of the syllabus, the content of the teaching materials and the students' reality. The teaching objectives include the overall objectives of this class, specific basic knowledge objectives, intelligent development objectives and ideological education objectives, which should be highly consistent with teaching material analysis and the analysis of academic situation, and should be implemented in practical ways.
D. The design of teaching methods is closely related to the teaching purpose, conforms to the characteristics of courses and disciplines, is beneficial to the development of students' intelligence, and has strong feasibility. In the lesson plan, teachers should not only explain the general idea and basis of this lesson, but also explain the specific teaching design, especially the ideas and basis of teaching method design about key and difficult knowledge, so as to make the teaching method design clear and operable.
2. The principle of integrating theory with practice-the soul of teaching plan activities.
Teaching plan is a way for the speaker to show his teaching ideas for a certain class to the listener, and it is an activity combining teaching with research. Therefore, in the lesson plan activities, the lesson preparers should not only clarify their own teaching ideas, but also clarify the theoretical and practical basis of their ideas, and organically combine the education and teaching theory with classroom teaching practice to achieve a high degree of unity between theory and practice.
A. the teaching plan should have theoretical guidance. In the teaching plan, teaching material analysis should be guided by the basic theory of disciplines, the analysis of learning situation should be guided by the theories of pedagogy and psychology, and the design of teaching methods should be guided by teaching theory and subject teaching methods, so as to make the content reasonable and well-founded.
B. the design of teaching methods should rise to the height of theory. In teaching practice, teachers often pay attention to the exploration, accumulation and application of teaching methods themselves, but neglect to raise them to the theoretical level, making them systematic and regular, thus diluting and shallowing the function of teaching practice. In the teaching plan, teachers should try their best to improve each teaching method to the theoretical level of education and teaching, and accept its test.
3, the principle of effectiveness
Any activity has a clear purpose. Teaching plan activities are no exception. The purpose of the lesson plan is to pass? Lesson plan? This simple and quick form or means can brainstorm in a short time, test and improve teachers' teaching ability and teaching and research ability, thus optimizing the classroom teaching process and improving classroom teaching efficiency. So? Effectiveness? It has become the core of teaching plan activities. In order to ensure that every lesson plan activity can achieve the expected purpose and achieve considerable results, at least the following points should be achieved.
A. the purpose is clear.
Generally speaking, lesson plans can be used for inspection, research, evaluation, demonstration and other purposes. Generally speaking, checking lesson plans is mainly used for leaders to check teachers' lesson preparation; Research-based teaching plans are mainly used for peer-to-peer discussion of teaching methods; Evaluation lesson plans are mainly used for teaching evaluation and competition activities; The demonstration lesson plan is a model for teachers to learn and refer to. Before carrying out lesson plan activities, we should first make clear the purpose, that is, what kind of lesson plan activities to carry out, so as to make corresponding preparations.
B. it is highly targeted.
This is mainly aimed at two kinds of teaching plan activities: inspection and research. Generally speaking, the examination of teaching plans mainly aims at the following problems: teachers' working attitude, teachers' professional knowledge, teachers' teaching ability and teachers' teaching and research ability; Research-based teaching plans should be mainly aimed at courses that connect the preceding with the following, courses with difficult knowledge, courses with complex structure and courses with great differences of opinions among teachers in the same subject. Only by strengthening the pertinence of teaching plans can we facilitate the compilation of teaching plans and comments, as well as the centralized study and solution of problems. C. get ready. Before the lesson plan, the narrator should make systematic preparations around the purpose of this lesson plan activity, carefully study the outline teaching materials, analyze the learning situation, and be targeted. The lesson plan maker should also write a clear, well-founded, focused and concise draft lesson plan.
D. The comments are accurate.
Comments should be scientific, accurate and instructive. After the lesson plan is finished, participants should speak actively, focusing on major issues in teaching theory and problems with tendentiousness, universality and regularity in teaching. Moderators should also summarize the knowledge they have achieved and the problems that still exist, so as to implement them in teaching or continue their research in the future.
4. The principle of innovation-the lifeline of teaching plan activities.
Teaching plan is a deep-seated teaching and research activity, a pre-class preview between teachers' teaching ideas and teaching activities, and a collective lesson preparation. In teaching plan activities, on the one hand, teachers should base themselves on their own teaching majors and teaching styles. On the other hand, we should take advantage of the good opportunity of peers and experts to participate in the evaluation and research, establish innovative consciousness and courage, make bold assumptions, seriously verify and explore new teaching ideas and methods, and constantly improve our professional level and teaching quality.
Problems needing attention
1, passionate, kind and natural.
The lesson plan should be full of energy and passion, so that all the people in class can feel the infection of passion, and let them feel the determination and self-confidence of the lesson plan maker on the surface, thus arousing the resonance of the listeners.
2. Correct the position of lesson plans in subject teaching.
The main purpose of lesson plan is to tell the guiding ideology and theoretical basis of lesson plan design. The purpose is to guide teachers to use educational theory to guide their own teaching and improve their consciousness of using educational theory. It is an important link in the teaching process, but not all.
3. The details are appropriate and the key points are prominent.
The audience of lesson plans is not students, but teachers. Therefore, it is not appropriate to describe each process in detail, but to focus on how to guide students to observe, think, remember and innovate; On ways to cultivate students' learning ability and improve teaching effect.
4, compact and coherent, concise and accurate.
The language of lesson plans should be highly targeted-teachers should be peers. Language expression should be concise, vivid, flexible, coherent, compact and natural.
5. Show your expertise and highlight your characteristics.
It should be noted that the teaching method of the textbook is different from the conventional special understanding or arrangement, thus reflecting the teaching expertise and teaching achievements of the lecturer and highlighting the teaching characteristics.