The graduation thesis of architectural engineering is about 5000 words 1
The Function and Influence of Green Building on Energy-saving and Low-carbon Economy in China
Interpretation 1 Green Building
The definition of green building in China is: a building that saves resources (energy, land, water and materials) to the maximum extent, protects the environment, reduces pollution, provides people with healthy, applicable and efficient use space, and lives in harmony with nature.
This shows that the green building does not refer to the roof garden, and the more green the community, the better, but needs to express a concept. This needs to be paid attention to from the beginning of design? Green? The concept of building a house will control the energy consumption within a certain amount; It is also necessary to provide residents with a comfortable and healthy use experience; And can be integrated with the surrounding environment.
2 Green building is an inevitable requirement for China to develop a low-carbon economy.
The realistic background of low-carbon economy is that global warming has brought severe challenges to human living environment and development. China's coal, oil, natural gas, water and forest are all in the forefront of the world, but its per capita share is lower than the world average, so low-carbon economy is bound to be the future development direction of China.
As a pillar industry of China's economy, the construction industry has the characteristics of large scale, high energy consumption, wide related industrial chain and long life cycle. Therefore, the popularization and application of green buildings in China has very urgent practical requirements.
The Global Climate Change Summit was held in Copenhagen from June 5 to February 38, 2009. Wen Jiabao said at the meeting that China is at a critical stage of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, and its energy structure is dominated by coal, so it faces special difficulties in reducing emissions. However, we always regard tackling climate change as an important strategic task.
3 the development of green buildings
3. 1 development of green buildings abroad
1990 The world's first green building standard was released in Britain.
1993 The United States established the Green Building Association.
1996 Hong Kong launches green building standards.
1999 Taiwan Province province launched its own green building standards.
In 2000, Canada introduced green building standards.
3.2 Development of Green Building in China
The Ministry of Construction started in September 2004? National Green Building Innovation Award? .
In 2006, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development officially promulgated the evaluation standard of green buildings.
In August 2007, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Technical Rules for Green Building Evaluation (Trial) and the Measures for the Administration of Green Building Evaluation Signs.
In 2008, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development organized and promoted a series of measures, such as green building evaluation signs and green building demonstration projects.
By the end of 20 1 1, there were 353 green building signs in China, including 330 design signs and 23 operation signs.
In 20 14, China issued a new "green building evaluation standard" GB/T 50378-20 14.
4 misunderstanding of green buildings
4. 1 green does not mean high price and high cost.
Green building is a broad concept, and green does not mean high price and high cost. For example, there is a local characteristic building in Xinjiang. The wall is composed of gypsum and straw, which has good thermal insulation performance. Coupled with the local style roof, it is a typical green building with very low cost. Another example is the caves in Yan 'an, which are warm in winter and cool in summer. It is a good green building after transformation.
4.2 Green buildings are not limited to new buildings.
Many old communities can also be transformed into green buildings. For example, heating in winter in the north, some residents are not hot at home, and some are hot enough to open windows to dissipate heat. The government should install a heat meter for every household, so that the heat can be used as needed, just like an electric meter and a water meter, instead of eating too much for some people and too much for others like the old cauldron.
4.3 Building energy conservation is not only the responsibility of the government.
The government should vigorously promote the concept and significance of green buildings, instead of green buildings with flowers and green grass, fountains and pools. Green building? .
5 Promotion and application of green buildings in China
5. 1 Study and promote green buildings in line with China's national conditions.
Under the condition of low per capita income in China, we should fully consider the construction cost and use cost of buildings when introducing green building standards and technologies, so that green buildings and energy-saving technologies can conform to China's national conditions. For example, the use of solar water heaters, energy-saving lamps, water-saving toilets and energy-saving air conditioners. In this way, people can not only reduce their daily expenses such as electricity and water charges, but also recover the increased costs within a few years.
5.2 vigorously promote? Green building? Recognition of
Signs of green buildings need to be evaluated under a series of standards.
① In the evaluation process, in order to improve the evaluation and appraisal system of green buildings in China, a special expert committee on evaluation and appraisal of green buildings was established and relevant technical documents were issued.
(2) By holding a press conference on green building evaluation and labeling, an international green meeting evaluation and labeling sub-forum and a promotion meeting on green building evaluation and labeling, the activities of green building evaluation and labeling will be widely publicized and promoted nationwide.
(3) China Institute of Building Research Shanghai Branch and Environmental Monitoring and Control Optimization Research Center provide green building identification consulting services to assist local governments and owners to apply for green building identification.
5.3 Examples of Green Building Promotion in China
The green construction of the first intelligent ecological power plant in China is just around the corner: with the commissioning of the second million kilowatt supercritical coal-fired unit of Huadian Laizhou Power Generation Co., Ltd., the first phase of the first intelligent ecological power plant in China will be fully put into operation, and the annual power generation will reach 1 1000 billion kWh, effectively filling the power gap in the eastern coast of China. At the same time, taking this as a symbol, the installed power generation capacity of Huadian Group exceeded 654.38+0 billion kilowatts.
? Upgraded Zero Carbon Pavilion? When it appears in Shanghai, it can be transported anywhere by truck: Chen Shuo, president of Zero Carbon Center and director of the UK Zero Carbon Pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo, said at the launch conference of Zero Carbon Pavilion 2.0 held recently. Expo Zero Carbon Pavilion? An upgraded version? It integrates many low-carbon and intelligent technologies and can generate electricity and supply water by itself.
Haidian: The implementation plan of low-carbon ecological construction in northern Haidian was officially launched. Yu Dongwei, the person in charge of the project, revealed that the entry threshold will be set in Haidian North New District, and all buildings in the area will meet the green building standards. Will the north still plan? Greenway? A system that encourages people to travel green. It will be built into the largest low-carbon ecological zone in Beijing.
The graduation thesis of architectural engineering is about 5000 words 2
Analysis on technical management of architectural decoration construction
In recent years, with the continuous development of decoration industry, the management and scientific and technological content of decoration construction enterprises are improving, and the competition in architectural decoration market is becoming more and more fierce. In order to meet the needs of the market and improve the market competitiveness, all architectural decoration enterprises have increased the preparation of construction organization design, and the preparation method and level of construction organization design have been greatly improved. The construction organization design documents of many construction enterprises have broken through the contents and forms of civil construction organization design that have been used for many years, and played a certain role in their construction management. We should improve the working level of construction organization design of architectural decoration engineering as soon as possible, so that our construction organization design can really guide the construction to achieve high quality and high efficiency.
First, the preparation work before construction should be fully designed and meticulous.
1. The preparation for the renovation project should be more adequate.
Because the decoration project has the characteristics of many applications of the latest technology, many kinds of materials, many types of work, many intervening processes and high requirements for the protection of finished products, the preparations for the decoration project should be more sufficient and perfect. According to the design drawings, the construction management personnel should make a detailed comparative analysis and design the optimal construction scheme for each decoration project.
2. Construction management personnel are the core of the whole project.
The normal operation of the project should be completed through the cooperation of construction management personnel, so a project should have a relatively perfect personnel management system. Usually, a project should include the positions of project leader, construction personnel, technicians, quality inspectors, budget officers, safety management personnel, etc. The number of personnel required for each position should be determined according to the needs of the post and the actual situation.
Second, the construction organization design requirements
1. Targeted:
Seriously write? Project overview? It is very important to accurately and concisely describe the general situation of the project according to the bidding documents, construction drawings, on-site investigation records and bidding answering documents, which shows the bidder's understanding and grasp of the construction project. ? Project overview? We should focus on the analysis of the main sub-projects and construction characteristics of construction projects, which is the premise and foundation of the compilation, deployment, construction technology, various guarantee measures and schemes of construction organization design of construction projects. Write? Construction deployment? :? Construction deployment? It is the strategic deployment and tactical arrangement of construction, and it is an important part of the targeted construction organization design documents.
? Construction deployment? The main contents are as follows: (1) The construction section is divided into the construction characteristics of each section); (2) the main partial bill of quantities; (3) Main construction sequence and main working procedures (flowing water and cross construction); (4) the types of work required for the project construction arrangement (indicating the scope of work of the main types of work); (5) Description of key construction space; ⑥ Layout of construction site; ⑦ Coordination measures with the owner, design and construction supervision. If the tender requires the bidder to make a commitment to the construction quality and time limit for a project, the construction unit must clearly make a commitment reply. The content, sequence and structure of the construction organization design documents must meet the requirements of the bidding documents. Arrange the personnel, organizational structure, labor force, materials, machinery and equipment, construction technology, progress and other major elements required for the construction project.
Specific and clear answers must be given to the construction-related questions raised in the tender to meet the requirements of bidding. For the difficulties and key problems that are put forward or not put forward in the tender, but actually exist in the project construction, we must formulate corresponding measures and solutions to show our ability and strength. The construction organization design must be based on the bidding requirements and the needs of project construction, with the resumes, qualification certificates, resumes and qualification certificates of the main members of the project management department.
2. Feasibility:
When drawing up the personnel composition of the construction project department, the arrangement of the required personnel must be comprehensive, so as to avoid the lack of posts, so as not to cause the on-site management to get out of control. With the management of various departments of the project construction, it is necessary to ensure that the personnel and post arrangement of the system must be consistent, which proves that the management system of the project department is clear, clear, efficient and smooth. In view of the construction quality objectives and time limit for a project required by the tender, the needs of the construction characteristics of this project must be met when formulating various guarantee measures. There are corresponding reliable measures for the following possible problems, which proves the feasibility of construction organization design. (1) Unconventional construction required by the tender or completion ahead of schedule (the construction time is shorter than the actual needs), or under special environmental conditions (such as winter construction of external wall decoration, site restriction, etc.). ) construction. (2) Bidding requirements or bidding commitments further reduce costs through construction. (3) Develop new construction technologies and new processes.
Third, the technical problems of site construction.
The construction technology of architectural decoration engineering is complex, the materials are diverse, and there are many on-site construction teams, which requires the on-site construction management personnel to make various technical preparations.
First of all. Must be familiar with the construction drawings, according to the requirements of the construction contract, as far as possible to optimize each working procedure, each subdivisional work, at the same time consider the company's internal resources (such as construction team, material supply, funds, equipment, climate and other natural conditions), carefully and reasonably make a good construction organization plan. Ensure that each subproject can be included in the controlled model.
Secondly. According to the characteristics of this project, in addition to the reasonable construction organization plan, we must also make technical preparations for the specific construction technology, especially the construction technology required by high and new technology. Technical reserve includes the training of technical managers, technical foremen and workers in new technologies, new processes, construction specifications and technical disclosure. Through planned and purposeful training and technical disclosure, the construction technicians and foremen are familiar with the new construction technology. New material properties. * * * Improve technical operation and construction level to ensure construction quality.
Besides. From a technical point of view, it is far from enough whether the construction quality can meet the relevant design requirements and relevant specifications and standards, and a corresponding quality inspection system is needed. The establishment of a perfect quality inspection system and means must be scientifically demonstrated, so different quality acceptance standards must be put forward according to the specific conditions of each working procedure and each construction technology. Ensure the engineering quality.
The main work of on-site quality control includes: (1) acceptance management of purchased materials and equipment; (2) Quality control and determination of construction template; (3) Quality acceptance of each construction process; (4) Supervision and management of quality problems after rectification. In terms of quality control, the relevant person in charge must have strong principles and serious working attitude.
Guess you like:
1. architecture graduation thesis 5000 words
2. 5000 words of graduation thesis on construction engineering cost
3.5000-word architecture graduation thesis
4. The graduation thesis of construction project cost management is 5000 words.
5.5000 words of construction project cost control paper