Instructions for use of accounts receivable account:
(1) Accounts receivable refer to the money that an enterprise should charge from the purchasing unit or the collecting unit for its business activities such as selling goods and providing services, mainly including the price that an enterprise should charge from the relevant debtors for selling goods or providing services, as well as the packaging fees, transportation fees and miscellaneous fees paid by the purchasing unit. This course accounts for the money that should be collected by enterprises in business activities such as selling goods and providing services. In order to reflect the increase and decrease of accounts receivable and its balance, enterprises should set up accounts receivable, and enterprises that do not set up accounts receivable separately should also calculate accounts receivable in advance.
(2) When an enterprise sells goods or provides services, it collects the contract or agreement price by delaying, which is essentially financing, and should be accounted for in the subject of "long-term receivables", not in this subject.
(3) This course sets up detailed accounts for detailed accounting according to different units that purchase or accept labor services.
(4) The main accounting treatment for undergraduate purpose:
① When accounts receivable occur in this account, debit this account according to the receivable amount, credit "main business income" according to the realized operating income, and credit "tax payable-value-added tax payable (output tax)" according to the special invoice; When collecting accounts receivable, debit "deposit" and other subjects and credit this subject.
(2) The packaging fees and freight and miscellaneous fees paid by the enterprise to the purchasing unit shall be debited to this account and credited to "bank deposit" and other subjects; When the prepaid freight is recovered, the "bank deposit" account shall be debited and credited to this account.
(3) If the amount of cash received from the debtor to pay off debts is less than the book value of accounts receivable, the enterprise should debit the subjects such as "bank deposit" according to the actual amount of cash received, debit the subjects such as "bad debt provision" according to the provision for bad debts of restructured creditor's rights, and debit the subjects such as "non-operating expenses" according to the book balance of restructured creditor's rights.
If the amount of cash received from the debtor to pay off debts is greater than the book value of accounts receivable, it should be debited to the subjects such as "bank deposit" according to the actual amount of cash received, debited to the subject of "bad debt reserve" according to the restructured creditor's rights, credited to the subject according to the book balance of restructured creditor's rights, and credited to the subject of "asset impairment loss" according to the difference.
(4) The non-cash assets accepted by the debtor for paying off debts shall be debited to raw materials, inventories, fixed assets, intangible assets and other subjects according to the fair value of the non-cash assets, debited to the tax payable-VAT payable (input tax) subject according to the deductible VAT, and credited to this subject according to the book balance of the restructured creditor's rights, as well as related taxes and other payable expenses.
⑤ When the creditor's rights are converted, the enterprise debits the subject of "long-term equity investment" according to the fair value of its shares, credits the subject according to the book balance of the restructured creditor's rights, credits the subject of "bank deposit" and "taxes payable" according to the relevant taxes payable, and debits the subject of "non-operating expenses" according to the difference.
6. If repayment is made by modifying other debt conditions, the enterprise shall debit the account according to the fair value of creditor's rights after modifying other debt conditions, credit the account according to the book balance of restructured creditor's rights, and debit the account of "non-operating expenses" according to the difference.
5) Debit the ending balance of this course, reflecting the accounts receivable that the enterprise has not recovered; If the ending balance is in the credit, it reflects the accounts received in advance by the enterprise.