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Baoji cultural art
Baoji is a city in China with a history of 8,000 years of civilization and more than 2,770 years. This is the center of early civilization in the Yellow River Basin. Zhang Guangzhi, an academician of the American Academy of Sciences, a famous archaeologist and anthropologist, said after analyzing the ecological environment in the middle reaches of the Yellow River that it is a concentrated area of Yangshao culture and has natural conditions suitable for the Neolithic Revolution, and Baoji area should be the most ideal area for the Neolithic Revolution. Beishouling Site, Fu Lin Fort Site, Joo Won? Site, Qin Yongcheng Site, Feng Chu Palace, Rujiazhuang Ancient Bowfish Country Site, Jiangcheng Castle Site and other well-known sites at home and abroad show the unique vicissitudes of Baoji. Emperor Yan started farming civilization here, Jiang Taigong fished here, Duke Zhou wrote "Zhou Li" here, Emperor Yan respected his teacher here, Liu Bangna and Han Xin conspired furtively here, and Zhang Zai founded Guan Xue here.

Baoji is the birthplace of Emperor Yan, the ancestor of China, and also the birthplace of Zhou and Qin Dynasties. In the second year of Tang Zhide (AD 757), Jifeng Mountain in the southeast of the city had a good omen of "the stone chicken crowing", so it was renamed Baoji. This is the gathering place of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. Famen Temple, which is famous for its unearthed Buddhist bones and relics, has become a royal temple and a Buddhist cultural center in the world during the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Baoji's urban spirit is "respecting morality, courtesy, harmony and tolerance, listening to chickens and dancing, opening up and innovating", and the symbol of the city is Phoenix. Once called Chencang, Yongzhou, Yongcheng, Joo Won?, Xiguo, Xiqiao, Qiyi, Qiyang, Xifu, Yangping and Fengxiang.

Baoji is rich in cultural relics, among which bronzes are the most. More than 50,000 bronzes, such as Mao and Da, have been unearthed successively, which is known as the "hometown of bronzes". Famous cultural relics include Tiantai Mountain where Emperor Yan lived, Famen Temple, a Buddhist holy place, Jintai Temple, a famous Taoist Zhang Sanfeng who gave lectures, the elegant and beautiful Wuzhangyuan Zhuge Liang Temple, the quiet Diaoyutai in Jiang Ziya, the magnificent Zhougong Temple, Tangyu Hot Spring, an imperial hot spring in Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Fengxiang East Lake built by a generation of celebrities Su Dongpo. China's natural landscape is more unique. There are Taibai Mountain National Forest Park with peculiar landscape, the source of Jialing River with distinctive original ecological characteristics, and the Guanshan Prairie in Longxian County with European customs. Baoji folk art is colorful and unique. Shadow play, puppet, paper-cut, embroidery, social fire, facial makeup, clay sculpture, straw weaving, etc. They all exude the ancient charm of Zhou and Qin culture and shine with the brilliance of China's primitive civilization. A great poet and painter (Chuanshanren) in Qing Dynasty wrote a group of poems named Eighteen Poems on February 9th, 1998 when he passed Baodi on 1798, referring to the legacy of your legend by Chen Huo and Lao Du, which was widely circulated in the world for a while. Main entrance: Baoxue

Baoji, one of the important birthplaces of China culture, has a study of Baoji named after its own city. Baoji's important role in culture and history shows that it is an important branch in the root system of Chinese civilization and a big branch in its origin. Baoxue is a valuable branch of China culture. Shaanxi and Henan are the centers of civilization in the Yellow River Basin. Although Yangshao culture is famous in Henan, it originated in Shaanxi, and the Weishui River Basin is the center of Yangshao culture. At present, thousands of Yangshao cultural sites have been discovered in China, of which Shaanxi Province has the largest number, accounting for 2040, accounting for 40% of Yangshao cultural sites in China, and is the center of Yangshao culture. ) From a clear historical and cultural origin, Shaanxi can be said to be the cradle of China culture. Weishui River Basin is the center of Yangshao culture. Yan Di and the Yellow Emperor grew up in Jiang Shui (Baoji) and Jishui (Martial Arts) in Weishan Canyon, Shaanxi Province, where cultural relics of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang dynasties also stood. Baoji is not only unique, but also unique in history. After careful study, Baoxue consists of two parts: Yan Di Ancestor Studies represented by Beishouling and Yan Studies represented by Yan Di and Jiangyan culture. Beishouling site is one of the representatives of Yangshao culture. Its direct inheritance has clear development clues in Baoji, which is better than that in Xi and other places. The sons and daughters of China are descendants of the Chinese people, who are descendants of the ancestors of Beishouling. The value of Beishouling remains is infinite and should be well respected and studied. In Baoji, more than 700 sites have been identified as prehistoric sites of human beings, which are basically ancient ancestral sites dating from 8000 to 4000 years ago. The cultural accumulation here is very profound.

China and China.

(1) There is a lotus top in Tianzhu Peak of Tiantai Mountain in Baoji. The sun shines here, and the stone lotus floats, which is spectacular. People call this mountain a "wonderful flower with three flavors". Legend has it that Emperor Yan Shennong practiced martial arts in Tiantai Mountain. He invited tribal leaders from all over the world to gather in Tiantai Mountain for artistic competition, and also invited heaven and earth to arbitrate. Emperor Yan's superb martial arts delighted him, so he deliberately sent a message: "Whoever can build a ladder overnight and let Shi Lian grow in the sea, I will make him the emperor on earth." Emperor Yan emptied Tianzhu Peak three times overnight, and the emperor was overjoyed and named him "Chi Di". Emperor Yan was very popular with people. In order to commemorate him, later generations called the lotus peak on the rooftop "Hua" on the grounds that "three flavors are wonderful" (the ancient "Hua" and "Hua" are homonyms). In order to commemorate the achievements of Emperor Yan, the world followed this name and called China "China".

(2) The name "China" was first discovered in Baoji, and the national treasure weapon He Zun 1963 was unearthed in Baoji. It has a magnificent shape, and the inscription of 122 was found at the bottom of the inner container of the bronze statue, among which "Zhai Zi China" (referring to the world) was the earliest written record of "China". He Zun is a bronze ware made by He clan in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and it is a precious work of art in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. The decorative pattern of this device is unique, solemn and heavy, beautiful and generous, and has a strong three-dimensional effect. Round cube, decorated with four sides. There are 122 characters on the instrument insole, and 3 characters are damaged. The existing 1 19 characters. The main idea of the inscription is: In April of Zhou Wuwang, King Zhou began to build his capital in Chengzhou, and offered rich sacrifices to King Wu. He admonished the clan boy He in the big room of Wangfu on New Year's Day. The content said that his late father Gong followed and was destined to return. After the king of Wu destroyed the business, he appealed to heaven and ruled the people with this place as the center of the world. Zhou Chengwang gave Hobe 30 friends, so why do you want to commemorate him? This is an important warning from Zhou Chengwang.

Emperor Yan and Bronze Civilization

Baoji is the hometown of Emperor Yan (the birthplace of Yan Di, the hometown of Emperor Yan). Emperor Yan was born in Mengyugou, Yangshan, more than 5,000 years ago. Baoji is the hometown of bronzes (the hometown of bronze art in China), where China's first antique stone drum was unearthed and is now in the Palace Museum. Four pieces of Western Zhou bronzes from China in the late Qing Dynasty, Mao Gongding (now in Taipei National Museum), Da Yuding (now in China National Museum), Sanjiapan (now in Taipei National Museum) and Polygonum cuspidatum White Plate (now in China National Museum), were unearthed here. Other unearthed objects include Dakeding (a treasure of Shanghai Museum) and He Zun (a wine vessel), Pan Lai, Stack, Ware, Wall Pan (Qiang Basin) and Qin (bó) ware (in addition, there are more than 50,000 bronzes unearthed. The name of the famous national treasure in Baoji mbth unearthed time, position and significance collection point (Chencang) Shigu Shigu Town, Weibin District (Taizong) 627 Shigu Museum, the first antiquities and stone carvings in China (Jia Cun Town, chencang district City, Baoji City 1963) The word "National Treasure, National Honor China" prohibits the national treasure from going abroad for exhibition, which is the earliest record of the last years of Qing Daoguang in Zhuangbai Village, Qishan County, Baoji City (/KLOC) During the four national treasures of the late Qing Dynasty, 64 national treasures of China were forbidden to go abroad for exhibition, and the bronze inscription calligraphy was the first to bear the brunt. Sanzupan China National Museum, Fengxiang County, Baoji City, during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, four national treasures opened the "grass seal" end, and Guoguo in Jipan, the National Palace Museum in Taipei, chencang district and Siqing in Baoji City. Four National Treasures During the Daoguang period in the late Qing Dynasty, 64 national treasures were forbidden to be exhibited abroad in China, and the book of the gold calligrapher was the Dakeding Dakeding in the National Museum of China. In the 16th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1890), 64 pieces of national treasure cultural relics forbidden to go abroad in China were the historical facts of slavery in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Village 65438+ 10/9, 2003 China's first dating project of the Xia and Western Zhou Dynasties, Qiangbasin 1976, the wallboard of Baoji Bronze Museum, 64 pieces of China are prohibited from going abroad to exhibit the first national treasure cultural relics. Bronze Pagoda of Baoji Bronze Museum 1987 64 pieces of China are prohibited from going abroad to exhibit national treasures, Buddhist relics and famen Temple Museum. Eight-fold Baoxin 1987 64 pieces of Famen Temple Underground Palace in Fufeng County, Baoji City, China are prohibited from going abroad to exhibit national treasures, Buddhist relics, Famen Temple Museum, Silver Flower, Two Wheels and Twelve Rings, 1987 64 pieces of Famen Temple Underground Palace in Fufeng County, Zhangxi City, China are prohibited from going abroad to exhibit national treasures, Buddhist instruments and treasures. Famen Temple Museum, the "King of Zhang Xi" in the world (harmful to Fugui) Qicun, Fufeng County, Baoji City 1978 The largest bronze folding of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in Baoji Bronze Museum in May, and Zhuangbai Village, Fufeng County, Baoji City 1976 was the most gorgeous in June. In Duke Bo's Taigong Temple in Baoji City, chencang district 1978 Bronze and Music Culture in Early Spring and Autumn Period (yuè) Baoji Bronze Museum Briefing on the Lost Overseas Bronzes in Baoji (Part) Name of Cultural Relics Unexplored Date Unexplored Collection Location Uncle Fang Ding Unknown Baoji City, National Victoria Museum in Melbourne, Australia, Ding Yuan Unknown Baoji University, Australia. New york Metropolitan Museum of Fine Arts, Baoji City, USA, Bronze Class 1927 Song Dynasty, Fog Art Museum, Fengxiang County, Baoji City, USA, Sambo Guiding Song Dynasty, Fengxiang County, Baoji City, USA, Sambo Dynasty, Fog Art Museum, Yi B 65438. +0940 The bell of American Freer Art Museum in Renjia Village, Fufeng County, Baoji City is unknown. The clock of the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco is unknown. (1) Sumitomo Group of Japan in Renjia Village, Fufeng County, Baoji City in the late Qing Dynasty was unknown. (2) The bells of the Japanese Calligraphy Museum in Qishan and Fufeng counties of Baoji City are unknown. The East Asian Art Museum in Berlin, Germany is unknown.

Baoji, Shaanxi Province, often called Xifu, is one of the representative areas of social fire facial makeup art in Shaanxi Province. Especially in Longxian and Chencang areas, the social fire facial makeup has a long history, unique shape, simple and bright colors, rigorous ornamentation, and a variety of samples, which represents the highest level of social fire facial makeup in Xifu. Social fire originated from tattooing, witchcraft, sacrifice and religion in primitive society, as well as the activities of fighting, exorcism and sacrifice to society in ancient times. The decorative pattern of Shehuo Facebook proves that the original symbols on painted pottery were completely inherited on Facebook five or six thousand years ago.

There are many kinds of social fire, such as mountain social fire, car social fire, horse social fire, back social fire, high-core social fire, stilts, earth social fire, blood social fire and black social fire. Most of them perform in the first month when offering sacrifices to the society, welcoming the gods at temple fairs and praying for rain, with the fifteenth day of the first month being the most grand. In the mid-1980s, there were more than 100 teams performing in Longxian on the 15th day of the first month, and nearly100000 people watched the performance. The blood club fire in Chisha Town, chencang district is the only one preserved in Shaanxi and even the whole country, and it is staged every leap year. Shehuo is often called "watching a play", that is, "pantomime". Performers of the social fire role travel in the form of stage appearance, and the audience's recognition of the role depends on Facebook. According to the appearance and personality characteristics of the characters, the social fire mask uses different combinations of decorative patterns such as sun and moon patterns, fire patterns, vortex patterns and frog patterns to express the characters' personality. Distinguish the characters' loyalty, treachery, goodness and evil by color. Red is loyalty, white is treachery, black is righteousness, yellow is brutality, blue is barbarism, green is chivalry and evil, and gold and silver are gods and demons. With its long history, mysterious and profound cultural connotation and huge scenes, Baoji Shehuo Facebook has been widely concerned by academic circles and has become the highlight of folk activities in Shaanxi during the Spring Festival. Main entry: Baoji declaration

Baoji Declaration is a resolution adopted at the plenary session of the 27th World Buddhist Association Congress. The Declaration was published in Baoji, China on October 20 18 10/4, Beijing time. Master Fafa, Vice Chairman of the World Buddhist Association and representative to UNESCO, read out the declaration.

The Declaration emphasizes that the participants in this congress are willing to work together with all mankind to realize human happiness with compassion, social harmony with mutual respect, world peace with reconciliation and good deeds with friendship.

We, the participants from 40 countries and regions, attended the 27th World Buddhists' Friendship Association (WFB) conference with the theme of "Buddhism and charity" held in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China (PRC) on 10/6-18, 2006, and paid tribute to the organizing committees of People's Republic of China (PRC) and Shaanxi Province.