Pu Xian Wannv is an outstanding figure in the history of Northeast China. However, History of Jin and History of Yuan did not establish biographies for him, only some sporadic stories were scattered in Ji and Biography, which may be related to historians' prejudice against thieves and ministers and the revision of history, so the materials were incomplete until hundreds of years later.
Pu Xian Wannu, a Liao native, has always had two comments on him: one is negative, thinking that he is a personal careerist who engaged in rebellion, split the ruler and weakened the resistance to Mongolia, and should be criticized; Second, yes, he is praised as a "geek in Liaodong" and even praised him as "comparable to Akuta". Due to the lack of historical materials, there is no trace of his family history in the literature. Even the names are different. Some of them are recorded as Wanyanwannu, Fuhen, Fuxianwannu, Businessmen Wannu, Bald Beads and Stones, Wanjianu, Yinnu, Xiaowwannu and Suwannu. "Fu He", "Fu Xian" and "Bush" are the nicknames of "Pu Xian", and "Ne" is the urgent reading of "Wan Nv". "Wan Yan" may be Kim's surname.
He first appeared in Historical Records. In the sixth year of Taihe, Jin Zhangzong (1206) fought side by side with Song Jun and served as deputy commander of the right-wing unified system (Jin Shi (12) Zhang Zong Keith); Volume 1 13 "Biography of Hong Yan and Sai Bu"), with the frontal attack of Hong Yan and Sai Bu, Wannu made a great victory, defeated Huang Fubin, the main force of Song Jun, and rode tens of thousands of troops. In the third year (12 1 1), Wei was appointed as the procurator and stationed in Yehuling. Due to the incompetence of the commander-in-chief, he was defeated by the Mongolian army and lost his elite. In the same year, Yeluge rebelled against Jin, and the people of Qidan rallied to respond. In the first year of Zhining (12 13), he was recruited by Xianping Road and stationed in Xianping (Kaiyuan, Liaoning) to counter the rebellion. Emperor Ji Naoer (near Changtu, Liaoning Province) was defeated in World War I, and Wei forgave him again and was appointed as the ambassador of Xianping Road. In the second year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (12 14), Jin Xuanzong became the highest military officer in Liaodong. At that time, he followed his brother Liu Huiren in World War II, underestimating his enemy and retreating to Tokyo.
12 14 Jin Xuanzong fled to Nanjing (Kaifeng), Zhongdu (Beijing) fell, and the downfall of the Jin Dynasty was a foregone conclusion. Due to the cut-off of land transportation, Liaodong has become an enclave in an isolated corner overseas, and the situation is even more sinister. "When the gold master strictly controlled it, thousands of slaves were afraid of sin and moved to the east one after another." ("Historical Records, Biography of Puxian Wannu, Mengwuer") was defeated by Liu Xiong for the second time, which also made him realize that the Jin Dynasty had no possibility of reviving ZTE, so he had to change his plan and start a new business, which might be inspiring and free from the shackles of gold.
In the spring of the third year of Emperor Xuanzong's Zhen You (12 15), Wannu launched a mutiny, and the soldiers were divided into two ways, all the way south as a partial teacher and all the way north as the main force. Taking Beijing as the strategic goal, Wannu quickly occupied Xianping, Tokyo, Shenyang, Chengdu and other States, and then attacked Shiva Sufu Road and attacked Beijing and other places. Soon Liu Xiong took the opportunity to attack Tokyo, and the founding number was "Liao", which was called Dongliao in history. Li Xiane, the wife of Wannu, was forced to marry by her brother Kurt. However, Liu Ge didn't intend to stay long. Leaving after looting, Wan Slave was able to recover Tokyo.
At the beginning of the founding of the army, although the achievements of "Shenyang, Chengdu, and many followers of Meng 'an" were achieved, they soon suffered setbacks. Even eleven Meng 'an who had joined the army turned to Liehuan 'an, which was much lower than their status. More seriously, it lost its base in Tokyo. After several months of experience and lessons, Wannu realized that the name of Ambassador Liaodong had been changed. In October of the year of Yihai (A.D. 12 15, the third year of Tang Xuanzong), he established his capital in Tokyo, became a heavenly king, and sought the revival of jurchen.
At the beginning of the establishment of the big town, it was in a difficult situation and was besieged by Mongolia, Jin and Liao, blocking the land passage with the outside world. The Jin army in the south and east of Liaodong became its nearest enemy and was threatened most urgently. Jin Ting tried to win over and disintegrate the morale of Liaodong by forgiving Liaodong Road and inviting senior officials to split, so as to bring down Liaodong from the inside and adjust the deployment of Liaodong, and "the imperial edict was discussed by Liaodong generals." However, due to the internecine war, Dongliao moved to the land of western Liaoning, and Liu Ge surrendered to Mongolia and became its vassal. Although there is still a threat, it has retired to this important position. So for Dazhen, the biggest and most dangerous enemy is Mongolia. If you fight it hard, you will be defeated. If you fall, you can also save your strength and crouch for later use. So, during the period of 12 16 and 10, he handed over the surrender and took his son Tie Ge as a hostage to enter the imperial army camp.
By paralyzing Mongolia, Pu Xian Wannu relaxed his guard against himself. Shortly after his fall, he took advantage of the opportunity to "lead more than 100,000 people to escape into the island" (Yuan Zaju "Biography of Muqali"), pretending to be embarrassed, making no intention of making a comeback, and making great military moves to save and rest his men.
1265438+In February 2007, Muqali, commander-in-chief of the Mongolian Army in Liaodong, turned to the south and entered the Central Plains, leaving no corresponding troops stationed. Wannu thought that the opportunity had come, so he rose up and killed Lu Ye Neil, the supervisor of the army, and embarked on a journey eastward at the same time. First, it moved to the lower reaches of the Yalu River, and in April it broke through the Doctor Camp. Wannu led the main force to attack Longan House (Nong 'an, Jilin Province) in the north, and the envoys of Jin Liaodong and Shangjing and the left deputy marshal Pu Cha moved and fled to Bianjing. Then March into Beijing, visit Taiping in Beijing and burn the ancestral temple. He took Marshal Cheng Chong to Beijing and killed Wendy Han, the old man who stayed in Beijing. However, Cheng Chong's daughter insisted on doing so on behalf of her father, and she was reinforced. So she withdrew from the east and went to the junction of lazy road and speed road.
The main force basically moved eastward before 12 18 12. However, its remnants continued to move in the south of Liaodong for some time. 12 17 In June and July, Pu Xian Wannu was introduced again, and the country name was changed to Eastern Xia, and the year name was still extended to Tiantai, with Kaiyuan City as its capital (the address was different). It is also said that its country name is Daxia, which is named because it is located in the east and is different from Xixia. Korean history books call it Dongzhen.
After the founding of Eastern Xia, the ruler took five catties of Pucha as Liaodong Shangshu Province and transferred to Beijing. At the same time, Liaodong was arrested and brutally killed by the families of Puppet Manchu officials, but 8 Jin Army could only retreat all the way to support the crisis. How can it have the strength against Eastern Xia? At this time, Mongolia was fighting Xixia, competing with Jin for the Central Plains, and had no time to carve up Liaodong, which won the opportunity for the development and growth of Eastern Xia. In just a few years, after constant use of troops and influence, the gold-covered areas such as Tieraji Road, Supin Road and Huli Road are roughly in the east of the Sea of Japan, in the northwest to Huli City (Yilan, Heilongjiang Province), in the west to Zhangguangcailing, and in the south to Posufu and Qingzhou in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea. At the peak, it reached the point of starting from the south and going east after leveling. After Yeluge's uprising, his subordinates advised him to stand on his own feet, but he surrendered to Mongolia and his subordinates rebelled. Some of them entered South Korea and harassed him, threatening to introduce Pu Xian Wannu, the capital of the king. North Korea hopes that Mongolia and Eastern Xia will "lead troops to save the same kind" (Korean History).
12 18, Genghis Khan sent Marshal Hazhen and Zara, led the troops to go to North Korea in ten thousand, and Pu Xian Wannu also sent Marshal Hu Tu to lead the troops in twenty thousand, with hundreds of thousands of people. South Korea sent 400,000 troops, and * * * demanded it at the gate of Jiangdong. 12 19. In order to express gratitude, South Korea presented tributes to the two countries, and also agreed that the two countries would send envoys to South Korea to accept the tributes. Since then, the envoys sent by Mongolia to North Korea to pay tribute have all passed through Eastern Xia, and they often associate with the envoys of Eastern Xia, and they are like a family. Marshal Hazhen of the Mongolian army once said to North Korea: "If you marry me, you should pay tribute to the Mongolian emperor first, and then to the Wannu emperor" (History of North Korea), which shows that Mongolia has recognized Pu Xian Wannu as the emperor. Eastern Xia showed great courtesy and sent envoys to Wan Li to make a pilgrimage to Genghis Khan's Western Expedition. This friendly relationship lasted for six years until 1224.