With the improvement of social material living standards, college students' eating habits have changed greatly, and unhealthy eating phenomena such as unbalanced nutrition intake and eating too many snacks have appeared. The following is a survey report on the diet of college students in China carefully compiled by Xiaobian. I hope it will help you!
1
Abstract
In recent years, the Chinese government has paid more and more attention to promoting the scientific nutrition diet of residents. Indeed, eating habits are extremely important. A person's eating habits represent his lifestyle. College students, as aspiring young people who are about to enter the society, are in the stage of long body and long knowledge. Whether you have good eating habits is very important for its future development. As a college student, diet can not only provide nutrition for them, but more importantly, it can keep students in good condition during a heavy day's study and work.
Nowadays, many college students still don't know anything about how to have good eating habits, and they don't know or pay attention to whether their eating habits are healthy. Long-term bad eating habits are affecting the physical development of college students and threatening their study in the future. In order to further understand the dietary status of college students and better guide them to have a reasonable dietary habit, we organized this survey on college students' dietary habits.
survey text
1. survey object: college students
2. purpose of the survey: through the understanding of most college students' eating habits, we can further understand the eating habits of college students, so as to correctly guide them to develop good eating habits and have a good learning state. So that college students can better develop themselves during their college years.
third, survey method: questionnaire survey (since the survey is conducted during the winter vacation, the questionnaire is mainly distributed in the form of
sending and recycling through the network. )
Fourth, investigation time: winter vacation from October to February, 2112
Fifth, investigation content: see appendix
Sixth, investigation and analysis
Through the collection and summary of the questionnaire, we did find some problems.
first of all, breakfast. Many college students do not pay attention to the importance of breakfast. Although the survey shows that more than 93% of college students eat breakfast. However, about 47% people choose to take it to the classroom to eat. Through further understanding, some students even have breakfast during class. This has seriously affected the discipline in the classroom. Among them, 23% students eat on the way to school, which is not a good habit. Eating while walking, especially on the side of the road, is easy to increase the absorption of dust. At the same time, eating breakfast while walking has a certain negative effect on the poor digestion of stomach function, especially when running while eating, it is more likely to cause damage to the stomach, resulting in indigestion and stomachache. According to the questionnaire summary, 28% of the students who don't eat breakfast are trying to lose weight. This is a wrong view. Skipping breakfast can't help you lose weight, but it will make you weaker. On the contrary, eating breakfast regularly and reasonably is a good way to lose weight. Breakfast plays a decisive role in diet. When people are asleep, the speed of metabolism will reach the lowest. With waking up in the morning, metabolism will gradually return to normal level. The faster you eat breakfast after waking up, the faster your metabolism will increase. If you can do morning exercises for a while after breakfast, it will be more conducive to the digestion of fat. Therefore, eating breakfast every day is a good weight loss plan for students who want to lose weight.
About what to eat for breakfast, nearly 67% students chose to drink soybean milk and milk, which is a good choice. Eating these things in the morning is really good for absorption. The survey also shows that 15% people choose dessert as breakfast. This is conducive to the accumulation of fat, which is not conducive to weight loss. For breakfast, it is better to eat more coarse grains to lose weight. Similarly, irregular breakfast is also not conducive to physical development. The survey shows that 31% students choose to eat breakfast and lunch together on holidays, which is not conducive to digestion, but also makes the stomach function deteriorate. According to some nutritionists, breakfast is a very important meal, which is very important for people's health, because it provides the energy needed to start a day. Skipping breakfast will make people more prone to obesity, because: the body feels hungrier and will eat more in the future. Lack of energy reduces the metabolic rate, which in turn makes it easier to accumulate fat. The human body will be used to storing fat to consume calories on an empty stomach. Many people who study longevity think that breakfast should be the most abundant.
The survey also shows that nearly 68% of students choose to eat fried food. In fact, fried food also has many problems. The first thing to be mentioned is the hygienic problem of fried foods, especially in China, a country where the hygienic standard is not standardized. There are two main health problems of fried food: first, the raw materials of fried food are not hygienic. Many raw materials of fried food are almost bad or have been bad, but they are decorated with oil, which looks good and tastes delicious. Second, the oil used is unsanitary. Many street vendors often use some gutter oil to make fried food. In addition, fried foods, especially oil cakes, are high-fat foods, which smell fragrant and taste refreshing, but the high fat contained in them is not easy to be digested by the stomach, which will lead to obesity, and even indigestion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms. Moreover, the oil contained in it will produce toxic and harmful substances after repeated high-temperature heating, and destroy beneficial substances such as fat-soluble vitamins in food, which is difficult for the human body to absorb. The aluminum content in fried dough sticks and oil cakes is also seriously exceeding the standard. When answering "when you eat, which meal is the most abundant", 53% of the students actually chose the same. As the saying goes, "Eat well early, eat well at noon, and eat less at night" has certain scientific truth. This sentence reasonably distributes the heat energy and nutrients needed by the human body to three meals a day. Generally, it accounts for 31% of the whole day's heat energy in the morning, 41% in lunch and 31% in the evening, so as to adapt to human physiological conditions and work needs.
Through the investigation, it is also found that nearly 41% students have the habit of eating supper. I learned from the internet that eating midnight snack often is not conducive to the development of the body. The main hazards are as follows: < P > The peak period of calcium excretion is usually 4-5 hours after meals. If the supper is too late, when the peak period of calcium excretion comes, people will go to bed and fall asleep, and urine will remain in the urinary tract such as ureter, bladder and urethra, which will not be excreted in time, resulting in increasing calcium in urine, which is easy to deposit and form small crystals. Over time, urine will gradually expand and form stones.
You can eat well after supper. Although it is rich in nutrition, it also exposes another problem, that is, how to consume nutrition. According to scientific research reports, eating a lot of high-protein foods such as meat, eggs and milk when eating supper will increase the amount of calcium in urine, on the one hand, it will reduce the calcium storage in the body and induce rickets in children, myopia in adolescents and osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people, on the other hand, the high calcium concentration in urine will greatly increase the possibility of urinary calculi. Moreover, if protein is ingested too much, it will stay in the intestine if it is not absorbed by the human body, which will deteriorate and produce toxins such as ammonia, indole and hydrogen sulfide, which will stimulate the intestinal wall and induce cancer. Coupled with drinking, it is easier to become attached to "alcoholic fatty liver".
Hazard 3: I often like to eat supper. If I eat high-fat and high-protein food, it is easy to make my blood fat suddenly rise. The blood of human body often keeps high fat content at night. Eating too much at night, or eating frequently and repeatedly, will lead to a significant increase in blood cholesterol synthesized by the liver and stimulate the liver to produce more low-density lipoprotein. Carrying too much cholesterol to the arterial wall to accumulate (including penile artery) has also become one of the causes of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and impotence. At the same time, because of long-term supper satiety, it will repeatedly stimulate the islets and increase insulin secretion. Over time, it will cause the function of β cells secreting insulin to decline, or even decline in advance, resulting in diabetes. These diseases can affect sexual function and lead to sexual decline.
Overeating after midnight snack can make the stomach swell and oppress the surrounding organs. The intense work of the stomach, intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and other organs after meals will send information to the brain, which will cause the brain to be active and spread to other parts of the cerebral cortex, thus inducing insomnia.
Therefore, the best way to be healthy is not to eat supper or eat less supper. If you really need to supplement nutrition at night, the best choice is carbohydrates, namely starch and sugar. Because this kind of food can indirectly improve the chemical reaction of the brain, make the body secrete insulin, thus playing a calming and calming role, which is especially beneficial to insomnia.
According to the survey, about 15% of students regard snacks as their meals, which is a mistake. Snacks contain many additives, which are harmful to human body, and most snacks contain more oil, which is not conducive to human body absorption, easily leading to obesity, and even lead to loss of appetite, vomiting and other phenomena.
In the general evaluation of personal eating habits and the survey results of students' eating preferences, it is found that many students have partial eclipse. A single food can't satisfy the nutrients needed by the body. Protein, sugars, lipids, vitamins, various minerals and trace elements are essential nutrients for human health. A single nutrient can not play a role alone, and it must be combined with other nutrients to produce the best effect. Therefore, we'd better match different foods in our daily diet. For example, when eating meat with some vegetables, it is best to eat some fruits in daily life, so that all kinds of nutrition can be reasonably matched and play a role.
About 37% of the students think that the food in the school canteen is unpalatable, and some of them just eat in the canteen to save money. About 12% students choose to eat outside the school, and about 73% of them choose to eat in roadside restaurants. However, on-the-spot investigation, it is found that the sanitary conditions of many restaurants around the school are not very good. About 61% of the restaurants use disposable chopsticks, but the disposable chopsticks are not very hygienic in the process of making, and they contain Hericium erinaceus, and they have a shelf life, which many students don't understand. In these restaurants, because of limited conditions, nearly 91% restaurants have not disinfected tableware. As for the sanitary conditions in the kitchen, some are even worse. The walls are covered with lampblack, and all the kitchen utensils are placed at will. When cooking, the kitchen utensils are used with water at will. Therefore, it is not a good eating habit to eat in restaurants along the street. In contrast, the tableware in the school canteen is relatively hygienic, so it is recommended to eat more in the school canteen. This requires the school to strengthen the supervision of the school canteen, further improve the dining environment of the school canteen, focus on the reasonable combination of hygiene and diet, and make more students choose to eat in the canteen.
Conclusion
There are still many problems in the eating habits of modern college students, which still need to be guided. Only with good eating habits can we have a good body and a full state of study. Therefore, it is very important to have a good eating habit. Schools should strengthen the guidance of college students' eating habits, further strengthen their health awareness and sports awareness, so as to better improve the quality of learning. Individuals should also pay more attention to whether their eating habits are reasonable, pay attention to the reasonable collocation of diet nutrition and food hygiene, and develop good eating habits.
China catering industry survey report 2
As a livelihood industry, the catering industry has never had an authoritative survey report. With the expectation of many people in the industry, China Hotel Association, together with Beijing Catering Industry Association, shanghai restaurants association, Tianjin Hotel Association, Chongqing Catering Industry Association, Guangdong Catering Service Industry Association, Sichuan Hotel and Catering Entertainment Industry Association, Hangzhou Catering Hotel Industry Association, Xi 'an Hotel and Catering Industry Association, Nanjing Catering Chamber of Commerce and Ten Brothers Association of Xinjiang Hotel Association, completed the first national catering enterprise management survey for half a year. On this basis, the first Survey Report of Catering Enterprises in China in 2116 was compiled. I hope this report can become the most professional, detailed and authentic statistical research data of catering industry in China, analyze the development status and development mode of catering enterprises, and serve the industry to cultivate brands, set benchmarks and list enterprises.
this report * * * summarizes the situation of hundreds of catering enterprises, involving thousands of restaurants, with millions of seats, covering special catering, hotel catering, hot pot, snacks, fast food, leisure catering and other formats, mainly representative enterprises and leading enterprises of various formats, regions and types in the domestic catering industry, covering every province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the central government in China. It should be said that it summarizes the outstanding enterprises in the industry. This survey obviously has two characteristics: First, there are more and more enterprises that truly fill in the data, and the development of the industry has gradually entered the track of standardized development. Second, the combination of enterprise reporting and expert investigation truly reflects the development status of the industry. In view of the large gap between enterprises in the catering industry, some indicators in this report will be slightly higher than the industry average.
The main conclusions of this survey report are as follows:
1. Brand performance
This report draws lessons from American restaurants &; In the general way of ranking American catering enterprises (see the annex of the report), institutions ranked domestic ethnic catering brands and single restaurants, and ranked the top 31 and top 21 respectively according to the turnover of each enterprise from high to low, hoping to objectively judge the real development of these brands and set a benchmark for the industry. In order to ensure the reference of the data, the top ten catering brands in China are Hangzhouyinfu, Xinghualou, Little Sheep, Quanjude, South Beauty, Guangzhou Restaurant, Xiaonanguo, Dio Coffee, Xiangyang Fishing Port and Meilong Town. The top ten restaurants in China are Quanjude (Beijing Heping Store), White Swan Hotel, Leopard (Shanghai Yan 'an West Road Store), Jin Yue (Beijing Aerospace Bridge Store Head Office), Kanglong Taizi Wine Pavilion (Wuhan Financial Store), China World Hotel, Jingya (Beijing Wukesong Store), Zhiweiguan (Head Office), Shipu (Ningbo Tianyi Store) and Louwailou (Louwailou).
The survey results show that the scale of catering enterprises in China is constantly expanding. The total turnover of the top 31 brands exceeds 15 billion yuan, while the annual turnover of the top 21 restaurants is more than 111 million yuan on average.
II. Corporate Performance
In p>2116, the average profit rate, per capita labor efficiency, revenue per square meter and revenue per table of national catering enterprises all achieved good results. The average profit rate of the top 31 national catering brands was 8.2%, and the top three enterprises with profit rates were Shanghai Old Town God Temple, Shanghai Xiaonanguo and Xiamen Shuyou Seafood. The average annual per capita labor efficiency of the top 31 brands is 1.82 million yuan, and the top three brands are Shanghai Old Town God Temple, Shanghai Xinghualou and Guangzhou Restaurant.
from the perspective of single store, the per capita labor efficiency of the top 21 brands is 234,111 yuan, and the top three brands are Quanjude Heping Store, Beijing Jin Yue Aerospace Bridge Store and Ningbo Shipu Tianyi Plaza Store. The average daily revenue per square meter is 44.2 yuan, and the top three enterprises are Guangzhou White Swan Hotel, Guangzhou Restaurant and Beijing Jin Yue. The average daily revenue per meal is 255.2 yuan.