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Tourism economic development 1
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introduce
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(I) Background and research significance In recent decades, tourism has been an industry that China has clearly expressed its support and focused on. For more than 20 years, tourism has been booming. According to the data released by China Statistics Bureau, in 20 19, the number of domestic tourists reached 60.06 million, and the per capita consumption of domestic tourists reached 944.7 yuan, which tripled compared with ten years ago, while the per capita consumption doubled. In 20 19, the total international tourism revenue was13125.4 billion yuan, which increased steadily in the past ten years, and the annual growth rate gradually increased. However, in 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic had a great impact on many industries. Tourism is one of the industries that have been hit hard. Affected by the epidemic, people stayed indoors, and the sub-sectors such as tourism aviation, tourism catering and tourism accommodation went from bad to worse. Many related enterprises closed down one after another within half a year. According to the data of China Tourism News, the income loss caused by the epidemic is expected to exceed 500 billion yuan, equivalent to about 2% of GDP in the first quarter; According to the survey of the first planned travel form of domestic consumers after the epidemic, about 30% of consumers have no travel plan [1]. At present? Do everything? Based on the background of tourism economy, this paper makes a correlation analysis of the influencing factors of tourism economy industry in order to restore tourism economy, provide previous experience for tourism industry and put forward practical suggestions to avoid unnecessary losses in the future [2-3].
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(2) Research methods: Quantitative analysis: Through the analysis and research on the quantitative relationship between the relevant indicators of tourism economy, we can understand and reveal the correlation, changing rules and influencing trends between different indicators and the results of tourism economy, so as to correctly explain their correlation and make some predictions on the future development trend of tourism economy. Causal analysis: contains a great subjective impression. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causal relationship between the influencing factors of tourism economy, understand the internal relationship between the factors, and thus reduce the subjective multiple linear influence. Literature research method: Through the collection, arrangement and analysis of relevant literature on tourism economy, we can understand the nature of the research object to a certain extent.
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Second, literature review
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(1) Economic development factors The socialization, industrialization and modernization of the national economy all belong to the process of economic development. Therefore, economic development covers a wide range, and the research results from all angles are endless and enduring. Because at this node, the main purpose is to screen out the key factors related to the research object by summarizing the influencing factors of economic development and achieve the ideal regression model effect, so I won't go into details about economic development, mainly extracting documents from the perspective of industry itself and regional economic indicators, and analyzing the tourism economy separately. 1 Influential factors of economic development in the traditional sense From the industrial point of view, taking Jiang and Bai Yan's "Industrial Structure Upgrading and Economic Factors Analysis" (2006) as an example, the key factors are social demand, scientific and technological progress, institutional arrangements and resource supply; From the perspective of regional economy, with Zhou Chunshan and others' (20 17) research on Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's economic development as the key reference, the economic development is restricted and influenced by many factors, such as location characteristics, regional development policies and external environment changes. 2 Influential factors of tourism economy Zheng Lie and Yi Song (20 19) Through the analysis of the changes of regional tourism economy in Shaanxi Province, they think that there are four main factors affecting tourism economy: socio-economic conditions, related industries, industrial scale of tourism economy and government factors; When Wu Zhicai et al. (2020) analyzed the spatial structure of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's tourism economy, they default that the intensity of regional economic ties, the centrality of tourist destination nodes and the centrality of tourism degree are the main influencing factors of tourism economy.
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(2) Competitiveness of domestic tourism As early as the beginning of the 20th century, Zuo Bing of Yunnan Institute of Finance and Trade (200 1) made a general study on the competitive advantage of China's tourism industry. Based on the view that tourism product development and tourism marketing complement each other, his paper puts forward six basic elements that affect the competitiveness of tourism: production, demand, related and auxiliary industries, enterprise competition, government and enterprises. As far as the overall situation in the last 20 years is concerned, all the indicators of China's tourism economy industry have great advantages in the world, and its hard competitiveness is undoubtedly considerable, so the potential for artificial development is still great.
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(3) Summary At present, the concept of tourism economy has been clearly defined in academic circles, and there are many research industries on the restrictive factors and influencing factors of economic development, and the whole system is relatively perfect. Through literature analysis, it can be concluded that the degree of regional tourism economic connection, the status of related industries, the input of basic resources, government policies and the overall demand of industries are closely related to domestic tourism economic income. Due to the complexity of regional contact, this paper only analyzes it from the overall external angle, and initially determines the number of travel agencies, the total number of star-rated hotels, the number of corporate enterprises in accommodation and catering industry and the number of domestic residents leaving the country as influencing factors; What has been shouting for more than ten years? Carbon emissions? Leng Xue (20 12) studied the correlation between carbon emissions and economic development, so the investment in environmental pollution control was taken as the total index of ecological environment, and the influencing factors were also added for model regression analysis. This paper will also make a simple analysis of international tourism economic income. The economic income of international tourism is the sum of domestic tourism consumption of overseas and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan tourists, so overseas (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) is divided into different regions as indicators for regression analysis.
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Three research hypotheses
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(1) There is a positive correlation between the number of travel agencies, star-rated hotels, accommodation and catering enterprises and domestic tourism revenue. Travel agencies belong to the main enterprises in the tourism industry, assuming that the more enterprises, the stronger the industry; However, the number of star-rated hotels, accommodation and catering corporate enterprises belongs to the affiliated enterprises of the tourism industry. The more preliminary assumptions, the more economic benefits.
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(2) The total investment in environmental governance is positively related to domestic tourism revenue. Environmental governance has always been one of China's national policies, assuming that the continuous optimization of the ecological environment has a significant positive impact on tourism.
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(3) The number of nationals leaving the country is negatively correlated with domestic tourism revenue. Leaving the country means leaving the country, and their tourism consumption will flow into foreign tourism income. Assume that the number of nationals leaving the country has a significant negative impact on domestic tourism revenue.
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(D) Asia (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) has the greatest impact on international tourism revenue, and is positively related. As a region including China and other countries closest to China, it is hard not to think that Asia has the greatest positive effect on the composition of international tourism economy. Therefore, it is assumed that Asia has the greatest positive impact on international tourism revenue except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan [4].
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Four conclusions
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(1) Overall analysis and suggestions 1 Draw a conclusion that the number of travel agencies can represent the development level of tourism to a certain extent; However, the relationship between the number of star-rated hotels, accommodation and catering enterprises and tourism economic income cannot be determined; There is a certain relationship between environmental governance investment and tourism economic income; The number of nationals leaving the country is negatively correlated with domestic tourism economic income; In overseas areas, the number of Asian arrivals is not the most critical factor affecting international tourism revenue, and specific countries need to study [5]. 2 Suggestions for the future tourism economy industry: Strengthen infrastructure construction. The establishment of travel agencies and other enterprises is indispensable to the development of tourism, and also requires the input of basic resources, such as increasing the input of environmental governance in urban construction; Consider government policies and weigh tourism in many ways. The negative correlation between star-rated hotels and economic income under multiple * * * linearity is obviously the result of government intervention. I hope that in the future, the government will weigh economic development and social morality in the role of industry, and support the economy of marginal industries with more policies instead of suppressing it [6].
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(2) Reflection on the defects of the model From the modeling of this paper, we can see two very obvious defects: the relevance of investment indicators for environmental governance is questionable. Judging from the data in recent years, the investment in environmental governance (such as two indicators) should not have much to do with domestic tourism economic income, but the result of data analysis is that the level of significance is high; In the model of studying the source of international tourism income, the data of two regions show that the number of inbound tourists is negatively correlated with tourism income, which is obviously unreasonable. In view of the above two defects, the personal judgment is that the sample size is too small and the collected data is average, which leads to the unreasonable and perfect parameter estimation results, and the model needs further research and improvement.
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Tourism economic development II
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Understanding and development of 1 sports tourism
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As the name implies, sports tourism? Sports? With what? Travel? Cross-integration and infiltration, aiming at meeting the various sports needs of tourists, rely on various sports resources, give full play to its functions, and make tourists develop harmoniously physically and mentally. Sports tourism has gradually become a new situation in today's social tourism, and its main forms are: first, participating in sports activities; The second is to participate in or visit sports culture and cultural and creative activities; The third is to watch sports events; It has the characteristics of strong purpose, certain irritation, wide application and strong industry professionalism. Participatory sports activities mainly focus on outdoor sports experience, such as rock climbing, rafting, paragliding, mountaineering and kayaking. Participate in or visit sports culture and cultural creative activities, mainly visiting sports culture theme parks (pavilions) or cultural tourism products with sports culture characteristics or sports-related events; Watching sports events is dominated by influential large and medium-sized events such as Olympic Games, World Cup and Basketball League (NBA). China is rich in sports tourism resources and natural places to carry out sports tourism activities. Water, land, air and other natural or man-made landscapes can be places for sports tourism development. For example, Chongqing Wulong Karst Tourist Area takes natural scenery as the main sports tourism resources and organizes various types of outdoor sports events in mountainous areas every year. In the Xiling Snow Mountain Scenic Area in Chengdu, Sichuan, skiing, grass skiing, mountain motorcycles and other projects are all experiential sports tourism projects to attract tourists. The sports tourism industry has gradually developed from scratch, from a single form to diversification. No matter what form it takes, it affects and stimulates citizens' consumption behavior to a certain extent, and the consumption field continues to expand. With the strategy of healthy China in 2030 and a series of policies to promote the development of sports industry, sports has developed vigorously, which has also stimulated the development of sports tourism industry, and now it has gradually become a new hot spot of mass consumption, so sports tourism will surely become an industry to expand market demand and promote social and economic development. At present, although the status of China's sports tourism industry has been gradually established, its development still has great room for improvement. Shanghai sports tourism has many shortcomings in terms of resource development infrastructure, participation in viewing forms, information dissemination channels and cultural products, which are gradually emerging in the development of regional economy. Making full use of sports tourism resources, organizing and optimizing various forms of sports tourism products will play a positive role in the development and development of sports tourism market and regional economic growth.
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2 the role of sports tourism in regional economic development
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2. 1 Sports tourism promotes regional economic development
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2. 1.65438+ For example, a sports event that uses ecological resources can not only obtain economic benefits, but also bring a large number of tourists to the host place, and promote the economic development of the local tourism consumption chain that integrates catering, shopping, accommodation and transportation to a certain extent. If the local area can combine the local culture to create a well-known IP national fitness event or a well-known high-level competitive event, or a well-known IP event with both, then the local area will form a stable economic chain of eating, living, traveling, entertainment and purchasing sports tourism, which can greatly enhance and drive the regional economic effect.
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2. 1.2 Establish local image and enhance local popularity. Sports tourism can not only attract a large number of sports fans and tourists, but also gradually highlight the regional brand effect and become an important force to promote regional economic development. The development of sports tourism has improved urban infrastructure and environment, and promoted the renewal of urban appearance. Sports tourism series events and the main park of the project can attract tourists, promote the development of the local economic chain of food, housing, transportation, entertainment and shopping, improve the infrastructure and improve the city's visibility. For example, the international marathon held every year in Xichang, Sichuan attracts tourists and runners from all over the world, which greatly enhances the local popularity and influence. Now Xichang has become a famous tourist city in Sichuan. It can be seen that sports tourism plays an important role in establishing local image and improving local visibility. The Olympic Games can greatly improve the basic conditions of the host city and enhance the popularity of the host country.
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2.2 Further optimize the regional industrial structure
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2.2. 1 Optimizing the regional tertiary industry structure Sports tourism has high added value and can play a certain role in optimizing the tertiary industry structure. Sports tourism is the cross field of sports and tourism, and it is a brand-new industry produced by the combination of two traditional industries. At present, tourism has become an important industry in the tertiary industry. As an important part of tourism, sports tourism will promote the development of the tertiary industry to a certain extent and optimize the proportion of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. In addition, because the economic chain of tourism is relatively wide, involving food, housing, transportation, entertainment, shopping, tourism and other industries, it is conducive to promoting the development of many related industries.
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2.2.2 To promote the development of cultural industries, sports tourism itself is an activity in which people of different cultural traditions contact each other. ? Sports+tourism? Development will have an impact on social culture. All localities should adjust measures to local conditions, form unique cultural characteristics and establish a unique cultural image, which is conducive to enriching cultural connotations, cultivating real cultural communication and establishing a good subject image. ? A famous sports and cultural city? Sports town? Global sports tourism? Gradually set off a craze, such as the introduction of various world-famous sports events, which constantly improved the city's popularity in the country and even the world, but also showed the city's regional cultural characteristics, promoted the development of cultural industries, stimulated the optimization and change of the industrial structure of sports tourism, and constantly promoted the benign development and circulation of local regional economy.
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2.3 Increase the regional employment rate and improve social stability.
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The development of sports tourism needs the support and cooperation of various local economic departments or industries, involving many industries such as eating, living, traveling, shopping, entertainment and traveling, which greatly improves the employment space of these consumer chain industries. Therefore, the development of sports tourism can alleviate the local employment pressure to a certain extent, provide more self-sufficient platforms and ways for local residents, improve the happiness index, reduce the crime rate to a certain extent, and provide security and stability for local social security.
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3 the development of sports tourism has a negative impact on regional economic development
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3. 1 Sports tourism industry is comprehensive and dependent, and policies, seasons and emergencies have great influence on its development stability.
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Because sports tourism is easily influenced by policies, seasons, emergencies and other factors, such as some winter projects, their economic income will be unstable in summer, which will have a greater impact on the employed population. The development of sports tourism has also affected the demand for land to some extent. The rapid development of sports tourism and all walks of life has stimulated the continuous rise of land price, greatly increased the development cost of sports tourism resources and projects, and led to the decline or stagnation of enterprises' enthusiasm for project development.
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3.2 The development of sports tourism has a negative impact on the local environment.
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Sports tourism has brought destruction and negative effects to the tourism environment: first, over-exploitation of tourism resources, lack of forward-looking environmental awareness and sustainable development concept; Second, the arrival of a large number of tourists, tourists' personal quality and environmental awareness are insufficient, leading to environmental damage and air pollution, which affects the survival of wild animals to some extent. Therefore, the sustainable development of sports tourism needs to be based on a harmonious ecological environment, and sustainable development should be implemented effectively and reasonably.
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4 Suggestions on developing local sports tourism
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4. 1 Make a long-term plan for sustainable development
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Combining the characteristics of local sports tourism resources, history, culture, customs, transportation and other characteristics, making a scientific and reasonable sustainable development plan can not only promote the development of regional economy, but also effectively protect local culture, nature and other resources from being destroyed, so as to make China's sports tourism develop continuously and healthily.
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4.2 Deep integration of sports and tourism
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Sports tourism can't just stay in? Sports? +? Travel? On the other hand, we should pay more attention to the integration of sports and tourism. It is necessary to deeply explore sports events, sports spirit, natural landscape and consumption demand, combine the advantages of regional sports and natural resources, and provide consumers with more accurate sports tourism products according to the actual needs of consumers, so as to further enhance consumers' consumption experience and meet people's basic needs.
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4.3 Create a sports tourism brand with regional characteristics
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Different regions have different folk customs and sports activities, and each region has its own advantages, but the characteristics of sports tourism are not attractive enough. It is necessary to build a comprehensive tourism brand that can not only combine people's consumption characteristics, but also conform to national policies and local characteristics, establish a tourism brand with regional characteristics, effectively attract passengers, and realize the economic effect of regional sports tourism. It can be seen that building regional characteristic brands is one of the strategies for the sustainable development of sports tourism market.
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5 abstract
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With the change of people's consumption concept and the emphasis on physical and mental health, more and more people begin to increase their demand for sports tourism in tourism activities year by year, and sports tourism projects and organizational forms are also diversified. As an important part of tourism, sports tourism not only affects the development of regional tourism, but also plays an important role in improving the income and employment rate of regional economy and optimizing the adjustment of industrial structure, which can effectively accelerate the development of regional economy.