(1) Overall situation of pear planting area and yield

Jiangsu province is located in the southeast coastal area of China, which belongs to the transitional area between subtropical climate and warm temperate climate. It is the border area between the north and south fruit trees in China, and there are many kinds of fruit trees. Among them, pear tree is the second largest fruit tree in Jiangsu Province. In the past five years, the planting area of pear orchards in our province has been basically stable. In 20 19, the planting area was nearly 543,000 mu, accounting for 16.2% of the total fruit planting area, and the annual output was about 800,000 tons, accounting for 20.4% of the total fruit in the province.

Judging from the changing trend of pear planting area and yield in Jiangsu Province, the pear planting area in Jiangsu Province reached its peak in 2005, and then gradually contracted, which is consistent with the trend of pear area contraction in the whole country, indicating that the pear industry has gradually changed from area expansion to quality improvement and benefit improvement. From the long-term change of total output, although the planting area has decreased, the total output level has basically shown an upward trend, which is mainly due to the progress of production technology and the improvement of pear orchard management level.

At present, the pear production in Jiangsu accounts for about 5% of the total national output. In recent years, due to the increasing output of Xinjiang, Henan, Sichuan and other producing areas, the pear output of Jiangsu has been declining in the national ranking, which also reflects that the competition pattern of pear producing areas in China is undergoing a changing process from centralization to decentralization.

Changing trend of pear planting area and total output in Jiangsu Province

(2) Distribution of pear producing areas

Pears are widely distributed in the whole province. According to the main producing areas, it can be divided into pear producing areas in northern Jiangsu, middle Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu, with middle and late maturing varieties in northern Jiangsu and early maturing pears in middle Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu.

Pear-producing areas in northern Jiangsu include Xuzhou, Huai 'an, Suqian, Yancheng and Lianyungang, accounting for 72.46% of the pear orchard area in the province, which is the environmental adaptation area of Pak Lei and Shali. At present, the main cultivated varieties in pear producing areas in northern Jiangsu are Dangshan crisp pear, Huangguan pear, Sucui 1, Huangyuan, Cuiguan and Qiuyue.

Pear producing areas in the middle of Jiangsu include Nantong, Yangzhou and Taizhou, accounting for 12. 19% of the pear orchard area in the whole province. Some newly-built orchards are mainly crisp series, Cuiguan and Golden Pears, and some are mainly early crisp pears.

Pear producing areas in southern Jiangsu include Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, accounting for 15.35% of the pear orchard area in the whole province. In recent years, pear orchards have developed rapidly, mainly including early-maturing pear varieties such as Sucui 65, 438+0, Cuiguan and Cui Yu, and a few varieties such as Fengshui and Qiuyue.

(3) Maturity structure of pear varieties

There are rich pear varieties in our province, covering early, middle and late ripening varieties. The early-maturing varieties matured before July 30th are mainly Sucui series pears independently selected by Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Cuiguan, Cui Yu and other varieties. Mid-mature varieties matured from the beginning of August to the end of August are mainly Yuanhuang, Fengshui and Huang Guan. The late-maturing varieties that mature after September are mainly crisp pear and autumn moon.

(D) Pear production and cultivation mode

(1) tree management

At present, the traditional production is mainly in the form of drying and layering. In recent years, labor-saving trees such as horizontal scaffolding, double scaffolding, arched scaffolding and trunk shape have been gradually developed. Among them, the evacuated layered form has the largest area in production, accounting for about 90% of the pear orchard area in the province; At present, horizontal scaffolding trees are widely used in Zhenjiang area; Double scaffolding is used in Lianyungang, Yizheng and other production areas, but the development area is less than 5000 mu; Arched scaffolding is fast and easy to manage, but the investment in facilities is high. At present, there are small-scale demonstrations in Taixing, Taicang and Fengxian. Trunk shape is a newly popularized tree shape in recent two years, with relatively little investment in facilities, early fruiting and high yield. At present, its development area in Xuzhou area is nearly 5000 mu.

(2) Flower and fruit management

Early-maturing pears are mainly produced without bagging; Among the medium-ripe pears, there are some paper bags in Huang Guan, and most of them are not bagged; Late-maturing varieties are basically bagged, especially crisp pears, and bagged fruits account for more than 95%. In recent two years, with the market's pursuit of quality and light and simple mode, the proportion of non-bagging has gradually increased.

At present, most pear producing areas in our province mainly use artificial pollination. In recent years, liquid pollination technology has been tried to be popularized in production, which is very beneficial to improve pollination efficiency. However, due to the low technical maturity and unstable pollination effect, the proportion of popularization and application is still very small.

(3) Soil management

There are obvious differences in fertilization habits and fertilization types in pear orchards in different regions. In southern Jiangsu, most pear orchards use organic fertilizer, mainly chicken manure, duck manure and rapeseed cake. Some pear orchards in central Jiangsu adopt the mode of "pig breeding-pear orchard planting", and the pear orchards use biogas slurry as fertilizer; Most orchards in northern Jiangsu basically use chemical fertilizers, but less organic fertilizers.

Most pear orchards in northern Jiangsu still choose intercropping mode, interplanting vegetables, soybeans, melons and other crops in the young tree period, and there are relatively few grass on the ground in the old pear orchard, and most of them use clear tillage or no tillage; Most orchards in southern Jiangsu are newly built, and the technology of planting grass in pear orchards is basically adopted.

(4) Mechanized operation

Due to the early completion of the park and the complex tree structure in northern Jiangsu, the park management can only use simple plant protection equipment, and the mechanization rate is very low. Most of the newly-built orchards in southern and central Jiangsu adopt mechanized cultivation methods of wide rows and narrow plants, and mechanized operations are adopted for plant protection, weeding and fertilization, which greatly improves efficiency.

(5) Production cost and sales of pear fruit.

(1) Average production cost

In 20 1 1 20 19, the production cost of Jiangsu pears increased by 3.06% annually, and the average production cost of Jiangsu pears in 20 19 was 3675 yuan/mu.

(2) production cost structure

In recent years, the proportion of labor cost in pear production cost is on the rise. The proportion of materials and service costs has declined, and the proportion of land rent has remained basically the same in the past two years.

20 17-20 19 Jiangsu pear production cost structure

(3) Sales situation

In recent years, the polarization of traditional pear prices has become more and more obvious. The prices of low-end bulk varieties went down, while the prices of high-end boutique, functional pears and characteristic pears went up. Take the purchase price of summer pears in Xuzhou market at 20 19 as an example: Huangguan pear 2.2 yuan/kg, Dangshan crisp pear 1.2 yuan/kg, Qiuyue pear 5.4 yuan/kg, and Sucui pear 1 up to 7.5 yuan/kg.

At present, the post-80s and post-90s groups have rapidly grown into the main consumers of fresh fruits. They are not sensitive to price, as long as they are "delicious" and are not afraid of expensive fruit. The overall consumption trend is to eat healthily, and the consumption characteristics of refined, popular, diversified, personalized, quality and functional packaging are more obvious.

(1) The pear variety structure is unreasonable, and the proportion of high-quality characteristic varieties is small.

At present, the middle-late ripening pear varieties are the main varieties in production, which leads to excessive concentration of maturity, great pressure on postpartum market sales and low price. There are many varieties of medium-ripe pears, including' Huang Guan',' Fengshui' and' Huangyuan'. Late-maturing pear varieties are mainly Dangshan Crisp Pear, Aidang Pear and Gaoxin Pear, with extensive management, poor fruit quality and low planting efficiency, which can't meet farmers' demand for "good price". Comparatively speaking, the proportion of early-maturing pear varieties is small. Although new varieties such as Su Cui series cultivated independently in our province and new varieties such as Cui Yu introduced in recent years have made up for the vacancy of early-maturing pear variety structure to some extent, the proportion of cultivation area and yield is low, which cannot meet the demand of consumers for "new, special and excellent" varieties.

(2) Excellent varieties lack efficient cultivation techniques, and pear quality and production efficiency are low.

At present, the good cultivation methods of pear varieties are not matched, different varieties adopt the same cultivation methods, and the matching cultivation techniques for introducing excellent new varieties are not fully mastered, resulting in low standards in the cultivation process, slow improvement of fruit quality rate and no brand effect. Generally speaking, pollination, bagging, shaping, pruning and other cultivation techniques are inefficient and costly. In terms of soil fertility, most fruit farmers have not established the concepts of "balanced fertilization", "supplementing fertilizer according to soil" and "adjusting fertilizer according to trees", so it is difficult to combine water and fertilizer and balance fertilization. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and neglect of soil improvement lead to imbalance of soil nutrients, which adversely affects the growth, yield and quality of pear trees. In addition, the phenomenon of pear early picking is very serious, which affects the quality of pears and damages the brand image of high-quality pears.

(C) the lack of a management model suitable for the promotion of mechanized planting, with a low degree of mechanization.

Pear trees use a lot of labor in the production process, but at present, the workers engaged in pear tree production are getting older and older, and the labor force is decreasing, which leads to the continuous increase of labor costs and higher labor costs. Because the traditional pear orchards in our province are mostly in the form of evacuation and stratification, the degree of mechanization is low. On the one hand, the planting of this kind of tree is limited by the extra capital investment, and more importantly, the scaffolding modeling technology requires high requirements, the production is slow, and it enters the high-yield period late. The trunk trees suitable for mechanization in the north are small in Jiangsu, on the one hand, because of the large growth and high density of pear trees in the south; On the other hand, some varieties with strong dryness, such as Cuiguan and Qiuyue, have a lot of work to support and pull branches, which cannot save labor and effort.

(D) The application of green pest control technology is not in place, and the control cost is high.

In terms of pest control, the application of green prevention and control technology is not in place, and most pear producing areas lack relevant technical means such as pest prediction. According to the production experience, the use of chemical pesticides, excessive dependence on pesticides, killed most beneficial insects, the proportion of pests and natural enemies is unbalanced, resulting in a vicious circle and increasing the cost of prevention and control.

(5) Poor ability to cope with natural disasters and weak ability to resist risks.

Pear orchards in our province are mostly planted in the open field, which is greatly affected by extreme weather. Frost, high temperature, floods and droughts occur from time to time in our province. The quality of products depends on the weather. Pear farmers are weak in coping with industrial emergencies, and the output and price fluctuate greatly.

(6) Insufficient commercialization and low level of storage and transportation.

The processing enterprises, circulation enterprises and cold storage in our province have less capacity, high dependence on foreign markets and low commercialization and fresh-keeping storage capacity. At present, the commercialization rate of postharvest pears in our province is less than 50%, and the classification is mostly manual classification; The storage capacity only accounts for 10% of the total pear production, and it is mainly stored in cold storage; The processing scale is small, the processing variety is single, and the processing is out of touch with production and marketing. Most fruit farmers directly enter the sales market after picking, and the shelf life is long, which puts great pressure on sales.

(seven) moderate scale operation difficulties, lack of business entities.

The existing orchards are mainly scattered by one household, and the willingness to develop new pear orchards is weak; Most pear producing areas are old, weak, sick and disabled, and they cherish the land with a heavy mentality and are difficult to transfer; The land circulation cost of centralized management is high and the management pressure is great; Due to the lack of new topics, it is difficult to popularize new varieties and technologies.

(eight) the grassroots technical service talent team is weak and lacks scientific guidance.

The grass-roots expert service team of fruit industry in our province has few personnel, aging, many affairs, unable to concentrate on technical services and insufficient service strength, which greatly affects the promotion of technology; Due to the lack of timely guidance, fruit farmers have some blindness in production and improper selection of varieties and technologies, which has caused certain economic losses and dampened the enthusiasm of planting.

(1) Optimize the structure and layout of pear varieties and adjust the proportion of early, middle and late ripening.

In view of the unreasonable structure and layout of pear production in our province, on the basis of stabilizing the existing pear planting area, we will increase the breeding, screening and popularization of high-quality early-maturing pears, optimize the layout of characteristic dominant varieties in each county, adjust the allocation ratio of early, middle and late-maturing varieties, and adjust and transform the middle and low-yield pear orchards.

In recent years, in order to optimize the pear variety structure in our province and enrich the high-quality early-maturing pear varieties in our province, the team of Jiangsu Modern Agriculture (Pear) Industrial Technology System introduced a number of germplasm resources such as Baoliska, Eureka and Pearl Pear, which can mature in Nanjing in early June. Six pear varieties of "Sucui" series have been independently bred, among which "Sucui1"has developed rapidly in recent years, enriching the composition of pear varieties in our province, and the fresh fruit supply period is about 15 days ahead of schedule. Sucui 1' is a new variety with the earliest maturity and the best quality among the main early-maturing pear varieties in China. At the same time, the germplasm resources of Yulu and Ganlizao No.8 with strong comprehensive resistance were introduced. The introduction of these germplasm resources further enriched the variety structure of very early-maturing pears in our province and provided excellent germplasm for the breeding of very early-maturing varieties.

(two) improve the supporting cultivation techniques, increase the integration of labor-saving promotion.

According to the characteristics of pear varieties mainly cultivated in different producing areas in our province and the demand for high quality and simplicity in production management, we should improve the supporting techniques for high-efficiency cultivation of pear fruits and popularize labor-saving cultivation modes, such as developing light pruning techniques, liquid pollination techniques, orchard grass growing techniques, green pest control techniques, and timely pear harvesting techniques. Through the popularization and application of high-quality and efficient production supporting technology system, under the basic conditions of producing high-quality pears, advanced intensive and labor-saving cultivation mode is adopted to reduce production costs and realize high quality and good price.

(3) Popularize mechanized management of orchards and reduce labor costs.

Aiming at the problems of high labor consumption and high input cost, the mechanization of orchard was popularized and applied, tree cultivation techniques suitable for mechanized operation were created, and agricultural machinery and machines suitable for pear orchards with different site conditions were developed. At present, the arched scaffolding trees popularized and applied in our province meet the growth needs of pear trees with strong dryness, rapid formation, high early yield and high commercial fruit rate, and play an important role in the production of high-grade fruits and the construction of leisure and sightseeing orchards. In addition, by combining with the national pear industrial technology system, a series of new pear orchard machinery were popularized and applied, which reduced the labor intensity of orchard management and greatly improved the production efficiency.

(four) the construction of high-level demonstration base, radiation to promote the technical level of pear garden.

In order to solve the problem of uneven quality of pear orchards in different producing areas in our province, a demonstration base of pear orchard industry was established based on the industrial technology system of pear orchards in our province, and the training of agricultural technicians was taken as the leading factor to further accelerate the application and popularization of new varieties, new technologies, new models and new equipment, so as to stimulate the surrounding pear orchards and create a number of modern pear orchards with high quality and high standards. At present, the demonstration bases of Jiangsu Yejialiyuan Development Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang Demonstration Base, Xuzhou Demonstration Base and Nanjing Jiatian Economic Forest and Fruit Professional Cooperative established on the basis of this system mainly demonstrate new varieties such as' Su Cui 1', arch tree, horizontal frame, trunk tree cultivation mode and high grafting technology. Focusing on the demonstration base, the cumulative radiation demonstration and promotion of new pear varieties is nearly 30,000 mu.

(5) Strengthen commercialization and build a distinctive brand of pears.

Actively guide fruit farmers to establish high quality and good price and brand awareness, improve the degree of organization of fruit farmers, improve the post-harvest commercialization ability of fruits such as storage and processing, extend the pear industry chain, and expand with multiple functions to create conditions for the healthy development of industrialization. Under the guidance of local governments, relying on leading enterprises or farmers' cooperatives, we will gradually build pear brands with regional characteristics, enhance the core competitiveness of products, and strive to achieve moderate premium sales results.

In recent years, through the cooperation of provincial pear industrial technology system and other units, several provincial high-quality pear fruit appraisal meetings have been held. Through pear appraisal, producers found the gap and learned the experience, which not only promoted the promotion of excellent new varieties, but also increased the publicity of pear brands and created a number of pear brands with regional characteristics, such as Dashahe Orchard, Xuzhou Gongpinguo, Zhenjiang Fengyuan and Taixing Crispy Pear.

(6) Extend pear industrial chain and improve multi-channel sales channels such as e-commerce.

The traditional consumption growth space of pear fruit is limited. By extending the industrial chain of pears, we can develop pear-related products, such as pear sauce and pear juice drinks, fully tap the versatility of pear products and increase the added value of pears. At the same time, through the propaganda and guidance of culture (taste), brand and quality, we can tap the potential value of pears in culture, medicine and function, guide diversified consumer markets and promote the development of pear culture. Among them, Suqian Demonstration and Promotion Base, driven by the pear industry system, vigorously develops the pear leisure and sightseeing industry, builds the pear culture museum, holds the pear sightseeing festival in April and the pear fruit picking festival in July-August every year, with endless tourists. On the basis of the original sales, we will change the sales model and create the "Seven Pears Workshop" featured products such as pear sauce workshop, pear wine workshop, pear vinegar workshop and pear juice workshop. It is estimated that the annual processing capacity of crisp pears will reach 3,000 tons, which will significantly promote the extension of pear industry chain.

At the same time, we should adapt to social development and change the traditional marketing concept. Actively build local exclusive e-commerce sales platforms and brands, increase online sales channels, increase the circulation of agricultural products, and improve market recognition; Actively adopt various marketing methods to promote the brand marketing of pears, successfully push high-quality pears to the market and enhance market competitiveness. During the epidemic period in COVID-19, the pear industry system in this province successfully sold the unsalable pears of the base and fruit farmers through the network by docking with the national system and cooperating with the e-commerce platform, which greatly reduced the economic losses of fruit farmers. In addition, demonstration bases and sites such as Zhenjiang and Taixing are also actively building a WeChat sales network, so that fruit farmers can complete pear sales without leaving home.

(seven) to enhance the degree of industrial organization, to create a new agricultural subject.

Cultivating a group of new agricultural subjects, especially family farms, who are relatively young and can accept new technologies, can not only reduce labor costs, but also ensure the product quality in the region to be greatly improved; At the same time, the government needs to strengthen technical support for new subjects, invest more money in their training and improve their skills. Relying on the provincial pear industry system, we have successfully cultivated new agricultural subjects such as Wolong Village Pear Garden in Yuecheng Town, Jiangyin City, Ahong Fruit Professional Cooperative and Jiangsu Yejia Pear Garden. Through the guidance of system experts on production management, the main varieties, cultivation attitude, orchard environment and income have been diversified.

(eight) to strengthen the construction of experts and talents, and enhance the scientific and technological capabilities.

By establishing a think tank of pear industry expert database, it provides rational suggestions and technical consulting services for regional industrial development; Timely supplement the team of grassroots professionals, cultivate a group of agricultural innovation, management and practical talents, and maximize the enthusiasm of the majority of scientific and technological workers; By strengthening the training of agricultural extension personnel, strengthening the understanding of varieties and mastering core technologies, we can better serve the industries in this region. At present, a pear industry expert group has been established through agricultural technology APP to answer industrial questions for farmers and producers online. Pear system experts and the team of directors of the base have improved their industrial technical service capabilities through regular online and offline lectures and timely release of industrial technical guidance programs.

Typical case 1: application of new pear varieties and new technologies in Jiangsu Yejialiyuan, the core demonstration park of Taixing Demonstration Base.

(A) the application of system integration innovation in Jiangsu Yejia Liyuan

(1) Combine fruit and livestock to create an efficient ecological orchard.

Jiangsu Yejiali Garden is the core demonstration park of Taixing Demonstration Base, a provincial industrial technology system, and its parent company Yangyu Group focuses on pig breeding. Under the guidance of experts in the provincial industrial technology system, pear trees were introduced as the main planting objects to solve the problem of livestock manure discharge. According to "the law of tree growth and the law of fertilizer demand in different growth stages", the precision fertilization technology of biogas slurry integrated with water and fertilizer was formulated, which saved 60% of fertilizer consumption and created a comprehensive system of "pig-biogas-pear" and a new model of green and efficient circular development of modern pear orchard resources.

(2) Integrate the three products to create an efficient orchard.

The varieties planted in Ye Jia Pear Orchard are mainly Cuiguan and Gold, and the economic benefit is not high. Since it was accepted as a demonstration base of provincial industrial system, new pear varieties such as Sucui 1 and Sucui No.2, which were independently selected by Lin Jing, a provincial system expert, have been introduced, which not only improved the fruit quality, but also significantly improved the cultivation benefits, and the pear orchard area has also increased from the original 500 mu. The company registered the trademark of "Su Cui" pear, which has become a famous local brand in Taizhou, and the company is making every effort to build Jiangsu famous products.

(3) Safe production, creating a green orchard

Under the technical guidance of the system team experts, the demonstration base carried out green prevention and control measures to prevent and control pests and diseases, such as planting grass, hanging insecticidal lamps and spinning; At the same time, scientific use of fertilizers and drugs in production. The company's fruit passed the green food certification, and the park passed the green food origin certification. At present, the production demonstration of Ye Jia Pear Orchard is carried out in strict accordance with the technical requirements of the system, and the high-quality fruits produced are well received in Shanghai, Nanjing and other cities.

(4) Mechanized operation to build a modern orchard.

At present, the labor-saving cultivation mode of arch shed has been applied and demonstrated in Ye Jia Pear Orchard, the technical system of pear industry in the whole province. This model not only meets the needs of pear tree growth law, but also is easy to shape and prune, which is convenient for mechanized operation. The quality of the produced fruit is high, and the rate of commercial fruit can be increased to 90%, which can also play an important role in the production of high-grade fruit and the construction of leisure and sightseeing orchards. At present, the labor-saving cultivation mode of newly-built arch shed in Ye Jia Liyuan is 130 mu, which is the largest contiguous area in China. At the same time, the mechanized management of the demonstration garden covers a number of orchard machinery such as ditching, fertilization, spraying, thinning flowers and fruits, and picking. , running through the whole orchard mechanized operation process, accounting for 62%, greatly improving the orchard operation efficiency and saving about 50% of labor costs.

(5) Technical guidance and training

In order to ensure the healthy production of the pear orchard, experts and team members of the industrial technology system of the pear orchard provided technical support for Ye Jia pear orchard for many times in the key production season, such as arch shaping and pruning technology, green pest control technology,' Su Cui 1' production management technology, etc., which ensured the implementation of efficient cultivation techniques in the pear orchard and played an important supporting role in improving fruit yield and quality.

(b) Results achieved

(1) Launched Taixing Crispy Pear Brand

Due to the application of innovative achievements in system integration, the pear yield of Ye Jia Pear Garden has increased significantly, from the original 1000 kg/mu to 2000 kg/mu. In terms of quality, the' Sucui 1' produced by Ye Jia Liyuan has also been greatly improved, and the fruit setting rate is as high as 90%, and it has been certified as a green food in Jiangsu Province.

(2) The economic benefits have been significantly improved.

At present, the market price of' Su Cui 1' planted in pear garden is 16 yuan/kg, and the price of Baoyuan Garden is 8 yuan/kg. At the same time, the market purchase price of' Huangguan Pear' is 2.2 yuan/kg, and the purchase price of' Dangshan Crispy Pear' is only 1.2 yuan/kg, which is higher than the annual income of the pear garden before the variety renewal. Sucui 1' far exceeds the sales price of other pear varieties, which has produced good economic benefits and played an important role in increasing farmers' income.

(3) The radiation-driven effect is enhanced and the social benefits are remarkable.

Taking Jiangsu Yejia Liyuan Demonstration Base as the center, the planting area of "Sucui 1" has been extended to more than 8,000 mu in Taizhou, Nantong, Yancheng and other surrounding areas, driving 600 farmers and generating direct economic benefits of nearly 6,543,800 yuan. Relying on the provincial pear system, the "pig-marsh-pear" breeding cycle complex has become a model of modern pear orchard ecological agriculture, which has been popularized in the whole province and surrounding provinces.

(4) Build a national high-tech agricultural park and cultivate regional public brands.

Driven by Ye Jia Pear Orchard, the surrounding pear orchards have developed in a large area. Taixing Municipal Government successfully declared the national high-tech park with Ye Jia Liyuan as the main body in 20 19, and made great efforts to create high-quality and safe agricultural products and cultivate local brands. In the future, Ye Jia Pear Garden, a demonstration base in Taixing, will explore the green world of sightseeing and leisure agriculture with the support of the provincial pear industrial technology system, better display the technological achievements of the provincial pear industrial technology system, and continuously extend the industrial chain of supporting agriculture through science and technology.

Typical case 2: Jiangsu pear industry technology system helps Suining pear industry upgrade.

(A) pear system integration and innovation achievements to promote Suining pear industry upgrading.

Since Suining County joined the provincial pear industrial technology system, the construction of pear demonstration base has been intensified. At present, the core demonstration base 102 mu has been established, and 5 experimental demonstration sites with strong demonstration function, good demonstration effect and relatively stable results have been established, totaling 2,850 mu. The main demonstration and promotion of' Sucui 1' pear new varieties, trunk cultivation, pear liquid pollination, insect lamp control, armyworm control and other efficient cultivation techniques. It has promoted the industrial production of nearly 30,000 mu of pears along the ancient Yellow River, upgraded the industrial belt of fruit trees along the ancient Yellow River, and brought tangible benefits to fruit farmers in Suining County, with an annual per capita income of more than 4,500 yuan and more than 4,000 employees.

Demonstration effect of (1) new pear varieties

Around the layout of pear industry in the county, the old orchard will be transformed by nearly 1 10,000 mu, and at the same time, new business entities will be attracted to settle in the base to promote moderate scale operation. A number of standardized pear production bases with excellent varieties, intensive technology and advanced management have been built, and the output of high-quality pears in the county has reached120,000 mu.

(2) Demonstration effect of pear standardized cultivation techniques.

Under the guidance of system experts and teams, Suining County has changed from the traditional cultivation technology mode to the promotion of pear standardized supporting technology to promote the quality improvement of pear fruit. First, the new garden introduces suitable varieties and applies the wide row and close planting trunk mode suitable for mechanized production to improve the survival rate. Second, the management of kindergartens is mainly to cultivate trees and improve the soil. Third, the management of pear orchard in the full fruit period is mainly based on stable tree growth, high quality and high efficiency. Accelerate the popularization and application of standardized production technologies such as thinning flowers and fruits, increasing the application of organic fertilizer, comprehensive prevention and control of green pests and diseases, and water-saving irrigation to produce pollution-free, green and organic pear. The fourth is the construction of fruit quality and safety system. Implement market product testing, implement the market access system, establish and improve the traceability testing system for agricultural product quality and safety, and do a good job in pear quality and safety construction.

(3) the effectiveness of green ecological construction

Fully implement the ecological development strategy of "one control, two reductions and three bases", popularize the green production model, and promote the green ecology of pear industry and product quality and safety. The first is to promote the production mode of water-saving and fertilizer-saving in pear orchards. Newly-built pear orchards with a scale of 100 mu or more all apply water and fertilizer integration technology, implement soil testing formula, and supplement water and fertilizer according to the needs of pear trees. The second is to change the soil management system of pear orchard, popularize the application of organic fertilizer, carry out the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer in pear orchard, popularize the application of farm manure, livestock manure, commercial organic fertilizer and biogas slurry in pear orchard, popularize the grass management mode in pear orchard, continuously improve the soil structure and physical and chemical properties, and enhance the content of organic fertilizer and the ability of water and fertilizer conservation in pear orchard. The third is to promote the green prevention and control technology of pear orchard. Demonstrate the application of physical prevention and control technologies such as insecticidal lamp and sex pheromone, popularize chemical prevention and control of biological pesticides and low-residue pesticides, ensure the production of pollution-free fruits, continuously expand the production of green pears, and explore the production in organic pear.

(4) Improve the effectiveness of science and technology.

Through the platform of pear industrial technology system, extensive exchanges and cooperation were carried out with scientific research institutes such as Nanjing Agricultural University and Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and new pear varieties, technologies and models were tested and demonstrated, which provided strong scientific and technological support for the development of pear industry in this county. Through the construction of Suining promotion demonstration base of Jiangsu modern agriculture (pear) industrial system, the chief expert, post expert and director of the demonstration base of Jiangsu pear system were invited to give on-site technical guidance, local pear farmers were organized to observe new pear varieties and new technologies on the spot, and production technical manuals were issued; By training and popularizing new ideas and technologies of modern pear industry, we can update the concept and market awareness of fruit farmers, improve their understanding level, arm their minds with modern development concepts and technology, and train new fruit farmers to become the leaders of pear industry development and increase their income. More than 65,438+0,200 people have been trained.

(5) Brand promotion effect

In recent years, Suining County has made great efforts to build regional public brands of characteristic agricultural products such as "Ancient Yellow River" and "Xushahe", and made a breakthrough in building a green organic pear. Through the establishment of an external publicity platform, we will carry out all-round, multi-level and sustained publicity and promotion, enhance the market awareness of brand fruits and brand enterprises in Suining County, and expand the market share and influence of products. Actively do a good job in the packaging design and promotion of the overall image of the "Ancient Yellow River", strive for national geographical indication products, take the creation of the "Ancient Yellow River" public brand as the leading factor, create 1 national geographical indication trademarks, build the fruit industry exhibition center in Suining County (relying on the county agricultural exhibition hall) and 1 pear industry WeChat platform, accelerate the promotion of pear fruits in Suining County to the high-end market, enhance industrial benefits and help fruit.