physical geography
Anhui Province, located in the southeast of China, is an inland province with beautiful mountains and rivers, rich culture, fragrant rice and plenty of rivers. Among the five major freshwater lakes, Chaohu Lake spans the Jianghuai area and is known as the "land of plenty" in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on both sides of the Huaihe River. Beautiful and prosperous Hefei [1] ranks third in East China and 22nd in China. Among them, the Huaihe River basin is 67,000 square kilometers, the Yangtze River basin is 66,000 square kilometers, and the Xin 'anjiang River basin is 65,000 square kilometers. The terrain in the province presents diversity, and the province is divided into five natural regions: Huaibei Plain, Jianghuai Hilly, Dabie Mountain in western Anhui, Yangtze River Lower Plain and Southern Anhui Mountain. The Yangtze River flows through central and southern Anhui, with a total length of 4 16 kilometers, and the Huaihe River flows through northern Anhui, with a total length of 430 kilometers.
human geography
According to the main data bulletin of the sixth national census of Anhui Province in 20 10, the resident population of Anhui Province is 5950438+00000. Among them, the male population is 30.246 million, accounting for 50.83%; The female population is 29.255 million, accounting for 49. 17%. The sex ratio of the total population (female 100, male-female ratio) is103.39; The population aged 0- 14 is 10699000, accounting for17.98%; /kloc-the population aged 0/5-64 is 42.745 million, accounting for 71.84%; The population aged 65 and above is 6.057 million, accounting for10.18%; The population with college education or above is 3.985 million; High school (including technical secondary school) level population is 64 1 10,000; The population with junior high school education is 2.2610.9 million; The population with primary school education is 6.5438+0.6629 million (the above-mentioned population with various education levels includes graduates, dropouts and students in various schools).
Administrative geography
Anhui province has 16 prefecture-level cities, 6 county-level cities, 45 municipal districts and 56 counties. By the end of 2009, 905 towns, 357 townships and 258 sub-district offices were provided by township-level zoning units.
Revoke the original Chaohu City
On August 22nd, 2065438+0/KLOC-0, Anhui Province announced the cancellation of the prefecture-level Chaohu City, and adjusted the administrative divisions of the four counties under the jurisdiction of the former Chaohu City 1 District, and placed them under the jurisdiction of Hefei, Wuhu and Maanshan respectively. [2] The revoked prefecture-level Chaohu City is located in the central part of Anhui Province, bordering on the Yangtze River. Named after Chaohu Lake, the fifth largest freshwater lake, it governs Lujiang, Wuwei, Hexian, Hanshan and Juchao.
In order to straighten out the management system of Chaohu Lake, Chaohu Administration was established to manage the planning, water conservancy, environmental protection and management of major control facilities in Chaohu Lake Basin. From August 22nd, Anhui Province will fully start the implementation of administrative division adjustment and docking, and it is planned to basically complete the main work such as personnel placement before September 10.
historical geography
Anhui province
Anhui was founded in 1667 (the sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty) (Anhui and Jiangsu provinces were divided by the former jiangnan province). The two initials were taken from the former Anqing House and Huizhou House in jiangnan province, which were referred to as "Anhui" for short, and the capital was located in Anqing House, hence the name Anhui. During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Anqing was the seat of ancient Anhui, and "Anhui" meant "beauty", so the abbreviation of "Anhui" in Anhui Province came from this, symbolizing the eternal beauty and prosperity of Jianghuai land.
In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), jiangnan province was established in Qing dynasty, with Jiangnan as the administrative department, left in jiangning house and right in Suzhou. Today, the states, prefectures and counties in Anhui belong to the left chief secretary, and the right chief secretary governs today's Jiangsu. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), the left chief secretary was changed to Anhui chief secretary, in charge of Anqing, Huizhou, Ningguo, Chizhou, Taiping, Luzhou, Fengyang, Chuzhou, Hezhou and Guangde. Since then, Anhui Province has been formally established and assigned to Jiangsu Province.
Cultural geography is divided into beautiful Jiangnan, Huizhou style and Huizhou rhyme. Anhui has outstanding people and diverse history and culture. Due to historical and geographical factors, Anhui Province is divided into several different cultural regions. Southwest Anhui, centered on Anqing (known as Yicheng in ancient times), belongs to the birthplace of ancient Anhui culture. Due to historical and geographical factors, East Anhui (Chuzhou, Maanshan and Wuhu) belongs to Huaiyang (Huaizuo), West Wu Culture Area and Nanjing Metropolitan Area. Central Anhui (Hefei, Lu 'an) belongs to the Huai-you area of Jianghuai culture. Southern Anhui is the fusion of Wu Yue culture in the south of the Yangtze River and Zhejiang and Jiangxi culture. Huizhou (Huangshan City, Jixi County, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province) culture has a certain connection with Zhejiang culture, so today's Zhejiang culture is similar to it. Northern Anhui (Suzhou, Fuyang, Bozhou, Huainan, Huaibei, Bengbu, etc. ) Historically, it was a settlement where northerners moved south, culturally preserving the ancient Huaihe River culture, and at the same time integrating the Central Plains culture and Qilu culture.
Based on multiculturalism, Anhui has rich and colorful cultural resources and a long and splendid history. Qi Xin, a native of different parts of Anhui, worked together to learn from each other and develop together, creating a prosperous history and splendid civilization in Anhui.
Canlan culture
Anhui is an important birthplace of prehistoric civilization in China. Renzi Cave in Fanchang County discovered the site of human activities about 2.5 million years ago, and Longtan Cave in Hexian County excavated the site of "Hexian Ape Man" in Paleolithic Age 300,000-400,000 years ago. The Yu site discovered in Yuhui District of Bengbu City is about 4000 years ago, which is the beginning of China's feudal history. Originated in the Huaihe River Basin, Laozi, Zhuangzi and Taoism together with Confucianism constitute the two pillars of China traditional culture. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, both Wu and Yue cultures and Chu cultures flourished in Anhui. Huizhou culture in Xin 'anjiang Valley is one of the representatives of Anhui culture and the most influential cultural school in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It powerfully interprets the true meaning of combining Confucian culture with the way of doing business and creates a model of "Confucian businessmen". Huizhou merchants spread all over China, and Huizhou culture spread to Wan Li. There are countless champions and champions trained in Huizhou. Today, Hui studies, Tibetan studies and Dunhuang studies are called the three major local studies in contemporary China. Anqing culture in the Yangtze River basin has a long history and profound connotation. Anqing culture is broad, inclusive, profound and delicate. Tongcheng school can be said to be a great crystallization of Anqing culture in Ming and Qing dynasties, and Anqing culture is a wonderful flower in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Anhui drama culture is rich and colorful with profound connotations. Anhui Opera (originated in Huizhou, Chizhou and Dangtu, Anhui Province, and developed in Shipai, Anqing) is one of the main sources of Peking Opera, while Huangmei Opera (originated in the Yangtze River valley between Anqing, Anhui Province and Huangmei, Hubei Province) is one of the four major operas in China. Flower-drum lanterns, which are popular on both sides of Huaihe River, are known as "Oriental Ballet", and Yang Opera and Yue Opera have also been widely spread and developed in Anhui.
Architectural evolution
The region/dynasty north of Huaihe River and south of Yangtze River between Jianghuai and Jianghuai.
Western Zhou, Song, Cai, Xu, Wu, Six Kingdoms, Shu and Wu
In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Song State, Chu State, Chu State.
Qinshui County, Chenjun County, Dangjun County, Jiujiang County, Lujiang County and Zhang Jun County.
Peixian, Yuzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou and Yangzhou in the Western Han Dynasty
Pei Jun, Yuzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou and Yangzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Three Kingdoms Cao Zhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Yangzhou of Wu State, Yangzhou of Wu State.
Guo Pei, Yuzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou and Yangzhou East in the Western Jin Dynasty.
Eastern Jin Dynasty, Sixteen Countries after Zhao Dynasty and Eastern Jin Dynasty before Qin Dynasty.
Northern and Southern Dynasties Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, Southern Song, Qi, Liang, Northern Zhou, Southern Song, Qi, Liang, Chen.
Suiruyin County, Qiaocheng County, zhongmou county, Jiangdu County, Liyang County, Lujiang County, Danyang County, Xuancheng County and Xin 'an County of Tongan County.
Tanghe South Road, Huainan Road, Jiangnan West Road and Jiangnan East Road
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Hou Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou Wu, Southern Tang, Later Zhou Wu, Southern Tang.
Huainan Road (later divided into Huainan West Road and Huainan East Road), Jiangnan Road and Jiangnan East Road in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Jin, Jin Nanjing Road in Southern Song Dynasty, Huainan West Road in Southern Song Dynasty and Huainan East Road in Southern Song Dynasty.
Yuan, Jiangbei, Henan, Jiangbei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces
Ming Nanjing (South Zhili) Nanjing (South Zhili) Nanjing (South Zhili)
Qing (including Taiping Heavenly Kingdom) jiangnan province, jiangnan province, Anhui Province, jiangnan province, Anhui Province
Anhui Province, Republic of China
People's Republic of China (PRC), Anhui Province, Anhui Province, Anhui Province and Anhui Province
Traffic geography
highway
Anhui has developed transportation, dense water network and the highway density ranks among the top in the country. There are bus lines 14857, including inter-provincial lines 17 14 and inter-regional lines 2567, with a total operating mileage of 27 1.692 million kilometers. Passenger transport in expressway has sprung up suddenly, and LTL, bulky goods and container freight have met different transport needs. A passenger and freight transport network with Hefei as the center and the city as the hub, connecting rural areas internally and connecting provinces externally, has taken shape initially. Container freight volume has increased year by year, and large-scale transportation production has begun to take shape. Since 1986, it has invested 1879 10000 yuan to build 14 city-level bus stations in Hefei, Wuhu, Anqing, Maanshan, Bengbu, Huainan and Chuzhou, and 65 county-level bus stations in Tianchang, Tongcheng and Fanchang. Greatly improved the passenger's riding environment and transportation production conditions. Railway transportation of Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge
The main railway lines are Beijing-Shanghai Line, Longhai Line, Beijing-Kowloon Line, Qingfu Line, Fuhuai Line, Huainan Line, Xuanhang Line, Anhui-Jiangxi Line, Ningxi Line, Tongning Line, Shanghai-Chengdu Line, Tongling-Jiujiang Railway and Hejiu Railway.
High speed railway line
Mainly include: Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, Shanghai-to-high-speed railway, Ning 'an intercity railway, Zhengzhou-Xuzhou passenger dedicated line, He 'an intercity (planning), Hefu passenger dedicated line, Shanghai-Hangzhou passenger dedicated line (planning), Lu 'an-Anqing-Jingdezhen railway (planning), Wu He high-speed railway, etc. Among them, Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, Hefei-Bengbu Passenger Dedicated Line and Hefu Railway constitute Jingfu Expressway; Shanghai-Nanjing, Hening and Hewu are part of Shanghai-Rong expressway.
high-speed railway station
Waterway transportation of Anqing Yangtze River Bridge (including under construction and planning)
Huaihe River Basin and Yangtze River Basin
Class I ports: Bengbu Port, Huainan Port and Fuyang Port: Wuhu Port, Maanshan Port and Anqing Port.
Secondary ports: Fengyang Port, Fengtai Port and Lixin Port: Tongling Port.
Third-level ports: Huaiyuan Port, Wuhe Port and Shouxian Port. Third-level ports: Chizhou Port.
Civil aviation transportation
Hefei Luogang International Airport anqing tianzhushan airport Huangshan International Airport Fuyang Xiguan Airport
Hefei Xinqiao International Airport (under construction) Chizhou Jiuhuashan Airport (under construction) Bengbu Airport (military) Wuhu Wan Li Airport (military)
pipeline transport
Cooperate with the national west-to-east gas transmission project, build the Anhui section of the west-to-east gas transmission trunk line, and simultaneously build provincial branch pipelines.
Chuzhou (13), a drunken city with mountains and rivers and the center of eastern Anhui, has achieved a "zero" breakthrough in pipeline transportation in Anhui Province. According to the needs of Anqing petrochemical industry development, the preliminary work of Ning 'an oil pipeline was carried out. Key construction transportation hub waterway hub Wuhu Maanshan Anqing Bengbu Tongling Huainan Fuyang key construction railway hub Bengbu Hefei Fuyang Anqing Wuhu Tongling key construction highway hub Hefei Wuhu Anqing Chuzhou Fuyang Tongling Fuyang.