How can educational institutions in the custody class do better? First of all, encourage schools to actively undertake. It is necessary to proceed from the local reality and encourage qualified schools to actively undertake the summer custody service for students. At the same time, the education department should actively cooperate with the Youth League, women's federations, trade unions, communities and other organizations to provide summer care services for students through various channels and forms.

Secondly, students should participate voluntarily. Summer care service is mainly aimed at families and students who really need it. Parents and students choose to participate voluntarily, and students are not required to participate. We especially hope that parents should pay attention to their children's summer life, spare some time as much as possible, strengthen parent-child companionship, communication and interaction, and make their children's summer life more colorful.

third, adhere to the principle of public welfare. To improve the funding guarantee mechanism of summer custody service, we can refer to the relevant policies of after-school service and raise funds through financial subsidies, service charges or agency charges. Relevant charging standards shall be formulated by local education departments in consultation with relevant competent departments, and schools shall not charge fees in violation of regulations. In addition, it is necessary to improve the relevant safety management system, strengthen safety and health education and normalize the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, and effectively protect the personal safety of teachers and students participating in the custody service.

what are the management methods for agricultural production trusteeship?

In recent years, rural people from all over the country have flooded into cities and towns. Who will farm the land? How to farm land? How can you not hurt farmers and cheap farmers? A series of problems have become the most urgent problems to be solved in front of local agricultural departments.

what is agricultural production trusteeship?

agricultural production trusteeship is an agricultural management mode in which farmers and other business entities entrust or assist service organizations to complete all or part of farming, planting, prevention and harvesting in agricultural production without transferring land management rights.

Generally speaking, agricultural production trust is a kind of production outsourcing behavior that farmers or business organizations with land management rights entrust all or part of the agricultural labor that should have been completed by themselves to the trustee and pay them a certain fee.

Among them, farmers still maintain the dominant position of family business, and are responsible for their own profits and losses and risks; Socialized service organizations collect fees from trusteeship services without paying land transfer fees, and at the same time realize the transformation of traditional agriculture by modern elements such as capital, technology and management through socialized services.

Three key points:

1. Professional people can do professional things and reduce the cost of farming, so that farmers can participate in agricultural modernization and get more income.

2. Farmers should also bear the corresponding market risks.

3. Through hosting services, service organizations can centrally purchase agricultural seeds, agricultural materials and other means of production, adopt advanced farming techniques, give full play to the operational capacity of agricultural machinery and equipment, adopt new varieties and implement standardized production, improve the output and quality of agricultural products, and realize agricultural cost reduction and efficiency increase. But the final decision is in the hands of farmers, and what farmers grow is still up to them.

At present, many processes of agricultural production in rural areas of China have been decomposed and outsourced, and their specialization and professionalism are getting higher and higher. If farmers have land that they can't grow, but they don't want to transfer the land, they can also entrust others to farm and implement agricultural production trusteeship.

Zhang Hongyu, director of the Department of Rural Economic System and Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that agricultural production trusteeship is an urgent requirement in practice. Zhang Hongyu pointed out that there are two kinds of agricultural production trusteeship. One is that farmers have no labor force, but they are unwilling to transfer land, hoping to get services from planting to harvesting. This is full trusteeship. The other is that there is a labor force but it can't complete all the production operations, and it is hoped that the main links such as farming and harvest prevention will be entrusted to a third-party service organization.

land transfer service is mentioned in many media. However, land trust is different from land circulation. It does not transfer the management right of land, but entrusts all or part of farming to relevant agricultural management organizations.

For example, you have a fruit tree. You don't have time to go out to work, so you entrust it to others. Others water you, exterminate you and manage you. After you come back, the tree not only grows, but also harvests the fruit. You can eat it after washing. It can be said that this kind of agricultural production trusteeship service is of great significance. Its appearance has solved the problem of land abandonment of young and strong laborers who go out to work at home, and ensured China's food security at a large scale. At a small scale, people who go out to work are more confident.

Relevant policies

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the development of agricultural producer services.

1. Grand Policy:

In p>2114, the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Producer Services and Promoting the Adjustment and Upgrading of Industrial Structure, which clarified the development orientation of agricultural producer services. In 2116, the Central Document No.1 proposed to accelerate the development of agricultural producer services. It can be said that the promulgation of the Opinions not only reflects the requirements of the central authorities, but also conforms to the needs of practice, and is an important document to guide the development of agricultural producer services in the future.

In August p>2117, recently, the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Agricultural Productive Service Industry, in which the Opinions pointed out that agricultural production trusteeship is the main form of service-oriented scale operation, which has broad adaptability and development potential. It is necessary to sum up and popularize some forms of agricultural production trusteeship, such as "land trusteeship", "substitution of farming for planting", "joint farming and joint planting" and "agricultural * * * farming system", regard the development of agricultural production trusteeship as the main service mode to promote agricultural productive service industry and promote ordinary farmers to develop moderate-scale operations, and take measures such as policy support, typical guidance and project promotion to increase support and promotion.

2. Local policies:

Shanxi Province: On September 11, 2118, news came from the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agriculture, and our province issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Pilot Project of Agricultural Production Custody Service in 2118, which made it clear that there were 27 pilot project counties undertaking the task of custody service in 2118.

Anhui province: in August, 2118, the Anhui provincial agriculture commission, the provincial development and reform commission, and the provincial finance department recently issued opinions, demanding that agricultural production trusteeship be vigorously promoted and the agricultural producer service industry be accelerated. The opinion puts forward that by 2121, the province's basic agricultural public services will be fully covered, the agricultural production custody service model will be promoted, the comprehensive custody rate will be continuously improved, and the number of agricultural production service organizations focusing on agricultural production custody will reach 25,111.

why should we vigorously develop agricultural production trust?

agricultural production trusteeship is an agricultural operation mode in which farmers entrust all or part of the operations such as ploughing, planting, prevention and harvesting in agricultural production to specialized service organizations for unified management without transferring the land management right. It is an important form of agricultural production service industry serving agriculture and farmers at present, and large-scale agricultural production trusteeship is the main form of service-driven scale operation.

at this stage, there are four main considerations to vigorously promote agricultural production trusteeship.

first, it is conducive to solving the problem of aging and part-time employment of agricultural labor force in China.

With the large-scale transfer of rural young and middle-aged laborers, farmers show obvious characteristics of aging and part-time employment. Develop agricultural production trust, so that farmers can introduce advanced and applicable varieties, technologies, equipment and other elements into agricultural production through the professional services of service organizations, and effectively solve the problems of extensive and backward management methods and low production efficiency.

second, it is conducive to promoting the development of service-driven scale operation.

agricultural production trust explores a new path to achieve moderate scale operation without transferring land management rights, which not only satisfies the desire of aging farmers who have not left the land and have low labor ability to continue to engage in family business, but also makes their scale operation convenient and profitable.

thirdly, it is conducive to promoting agricultural cost-saving and efficiency-increasing.

by carrying out large-scale unified custody services, service organizations can centrally purchase agricultural means of production, adopt advanced farming techniques, give full play to the operational capacity of agricultural machinery and equipment, select new varieties, and popularize standardized production, so as to realize multiple benefits of saving agricultural costs, increasing production efficiency and increasing income.

fourth, it is conducive to promoting the green and sustainable development of agriculture.

the specialized service organization has advanced technology and equipment, and has strong ability to popularize and apply green and efficient technologies such as subsoiling and soil preparation, unified prevention and control, and organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer, which can effectively help and drive ordinary farmers who lack corresponding equipment and technology, and help realize the sustainable development of agricultural green ecology.

the state attaches importance to four forms of custody

Relevant documents indicate that agricultural products production, custody links, custody modes and service scale operation forms that are mainly supported by the local authorities are established.

(1) Focus on supporting the production of agricultural products under custody.

the production of bulk agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar is related to the safety of national grain and other important agricultural products, and the comparative benefit is relatively low. The development of agricultural production trusteeship should focus on the trusteeship of the production of bulk agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar, improve the production efficiency of bulk agricultural products through specialized and large-scale services, improve the enthusiasm of ordinary farmers to engage in the production of bulk agricultural products, and ensure the safety of national grain and other important agricultural products.

(2) focus on supporting the operation of custody.

according to the local agricultural production and farmers' needs, and according to the short board of modern agricultural construction and the popularity of farmers, all localities should determine the hosting links and service contents that are supported by the region, and form the priority order of support. For example, in some areas, deep ploughing, factory seedling raising, drying and storage are the keys to modern agricultural construction, so these can be listed as priority support for trusteeship operations; In some areas, unified prevention and control, straw returning and plastic film recycling have become the shortcomings of agricultural green growth, so these can be listed as priority support for trusteeship operations; Wait a minute.

(3) Hosting mode mainly supported.

in practice, service providers and farmers have explored and formed various modes of custody, such as single-link custody, multi-link custody, comprehensive custody of key links and whole-process custody. All localities should scientifically determine the trusteeship model that should be supported and promoted in the local area according to factors such as the agricultural labor force, the production demand of farmers, and the service capacity of service organizations. For example, in areas where farmers are willing to operate their families, we can start with the promotion of single-link custody and multi-link custody, gradually change the production and operation methods of farmers, and gradually expand the coverage of custody services; For areas with a high degree of agricultural labor transfer, we can focus on promoting comprehensive custody of key links and full custody, and effectively solve the problems of "no land can be planted" and "no land can be planted well".

(4) the service scale operation forms that are mainly supported.

Large-scale agricultural production trusteeship is the main form of service scale management, and centralized contiguous farmland is the prerequisite for developing large-scale agricultural production trusteeship. The conditions of land resources, the degree of labor transfer and the development level of agricultural mechanization are different in different places, so the development level of service scale operation is also different. We should focus on supporting service scale operation with outstanding scale benefits and more farmers. In the semi-mountainous and semi-hilly areas where it is difficult to achieve large-scale centralized contiguous areas, we will focus on supporting relatively large-scale hosting services.

6 agricultural trusteeship service modes

1. Land trusteeship

Land trusteeship refers to the practice that some people who are unwilling or unable to cultivate entrust their land to cooperative organizations such as supply and marketing cooperatives and large planters, and they manage their land on their behalf.

2. Substituting farming for seed

Substituting farming for seed and land trusteeship are similar in concept, but the objects of land management are different. Trusteeship is generally given to cooperatives and other organizations, while substituting farming for seed is generally given to individuals. In addition, after trusteeship, the annual crop planting is decided by the cooperative, and it is generally decided by the owner of the land.

3. Labor trusteeship mode

The labor trusteeship mode, also known as menu-based semi-trusteeship, refers to the main links of labor operations required in the planting process, such as sowing, breeding, seedling raising, whole field, seedling planting, transplanting, fertilization, pesticide spraying and harvesting, when farmers reach a labor service agreement with the hosting service subject. Farmers themselves bear the labor service fees, seeds, pesticides, fertilizers and other expenses, and the agricultural harvest belongs to farmers.

4. order custody mode

order custody means that farmers entrust the labor service projects in a certain period of agricultural production to the trustee, and the trustee gets paid according to the labor service projects. This model is easy for farmers to accept, but the diversity of choices leads to difficult management and low profit points.

5. Joint farming and joint planting

Joint farming and joint planting is a new agricultural production and management mode explored and practiced by the Agricultural Committee of Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province.

under the guidance of village committees and the service of agricultural departments, it adopts a new cooperative management mode of "farmers+farmers+cooperatives". On the basis of continuous and stable household contract management, according to the principle of farmers' voluntariness, village groups are unified to organize, determine the boundary in the form of piling, break the ridge, concentrate the fragmented farmland and realize organized contiguous planting, and then service organizations provide professional services.

6. Agricultural * * * Farming System

chongzhou city, Sichuan Province has explored and formed an agricultural "* * * Farming System" with the basic framework of "land joint-stock cooperatives+agricultural professional managers+agricultural comprehensive services", which effectively solved three major problems: who will run agriculture, who will farm in rural areas and who will produce services.

Guide farmers to convert their land contractual management rights into shares, and set up land share cooperatives in industrial and commercial registration. Cooperatives take the net operating income of 1:2:7 (that is, 11% as provident fund, 21% as commission of agricultural professional managers, and 71% as dividends for members' land shares), supplemented by overcapacity sharing or secondary dividends, etc., to ensure the income of members.

Four types of entrants in agricultural trust

Although agricultural trust is still in its infancy, the capital is already eager to try, even in depth.

1. Full custody service: Sinochem Group

Since p>2117, Sinochem Group has integrated business companies such as Sinochem Fertilizer, China Seed Company and Modern Agriculture into Sinochem Agricultural Section, and established the development strategy of MAP(ModernAgriculturalPlatform), that is, a new model with modern agricultural planting technology platform as the core, from the mode of relying solely on channels to the technical service providers and "solutions+product packages".

the center can provide online and offline "7+2" agricultural trusteeship services for farmers: accurate seed selection, soil testing and automatic fertilizer application, intelligent drug dispensing, testing services such as grain quality and soil nutrients, agricultural machinery services, farmers' training, intelligent agricultural systems, drying, warehousing and sales, and agricultural financial services.

2. Land trusteeship: Meilai Zhonglian Company

Established in early p>2115, Meilai Zhonglian Company is the first platform company in China to systematically put forward and promote land trusteeship to serve agriculture. The land trusteeship mode advocated refers to the practice that some people who are unwilling or unable to cultivate entrust their land to professional social service organizations, and they will cultivate, manage, harvest and sell agricultural products on their behalf.

3. Whole industry chain custody: Babaotian

The predecessor of Anhui Suzhou Babaotian Cooperative Agricultural Service Co., Ltd. was Suzhou Xinxing Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., which was established in 2113 and gradually grew into a comprehensive service-oriented enterprise focusing on professional service agricultural production. The company is committed to the construction and operation of an integrated comprehensive operation company with the whole industry chain, all factors and the whole process, which is mainly based on agricultural production custody. Based on the concept of "finding, improving and mobilizing capable people" in rural areas, the company has built a wide range of capable people in the whole region.