1, distribution center planning
Low-carbon environmental protection of the logistics center is mainly reflected in the planning and design, depot construction, operation and management, the use of energy-saving equipment and other aspects. Whether it is a self-use logistics center built by production or distribution enterprises, or a public ****-type logistics center built by third-party logistics or real estate developers, it is a node in the logistics network, where large quantities of materials are gathered and dispersed. Therefore, the construction of a logistics center, to achieve the goal of low-carbon environmental protection and sustainable development, the first thing to do is to do a good job of layout planning.
The location of the logistics center is the most critical, not only should take into account the regional economic development, urban planning, should also pay attention to the traffic and transportation network and the status of logistics facilities and other factors. Only a scientific and reasonable layout of the logistics center in order to save transportation costs and reduce energy consumption. Generally speaking, the layout of the logistics center is too dense, will increase the number of transport, thus increasing resource consumption; layout is too loose, will reduce the efficiency of transport, increase the rate of empty.
Logistics center is a place for goods storage and distribution, when selecting the site for construction, should choose the area with convenient transportation, close to the market or customers, so as to shorten the transportation distance and reduce the cost of transportation, and at the same time, reduce the pressure of urban traffic, reduce the emission of automobile emissions, and realize the low-carbon and environmental protection. Moreover, the proper location of the logistics center can also make the cost of the enterprise supply chain greatly reduced, and then improve the response speed and operational security.
In addition, the construction of logistics centers should also give full consideration to its impact on the local environment. For example, in the site selection, should try to use the existing terrain, do not destroy the original vegetation and soil and water. Some specialized logistics centers will take into account more environmental factors, such as, hazardous substances warehouse should not be set in the vicinity of important water sources and so on.
For logistics center planners, to achieve energy saving and emission reduction, we must also do a good job of optimizing the flow of the logistics center and the design of the line of motion, try to reduce the goods in the process of warehousing, shelving, picking, out of the warehouse in the distance traveled, to avoid unnecessary operations.
2, logistics center facilities construction
Building facilities is an important carrier of the logistics center, warehouse planning and construction of the logistics center to achieve green play an extremely critical role. Green building concept is mainly reflected in the following aspects. First, in the choice of building materials for the warehouse, more and more companies advocate the use of renewable resources, a variety of new environmentally friendly materials and recyclable building materials, including the use of high-reflectivity roofing, recyclable steel, ALC panels (heat-absorbing materials) and so on. In order to prevent heat transfer between the interior and exterior of the warehouse to reduce energy consumption, many warehouses, especially low-temperature logistics centers, the exterior wall materials are mostly used for heat preservation, thermal insulation materials and so on. Secondly, in the warehouse lighting, refrigeration and heating, water and electricity, etc., can also be everywhere in pursuit of green. For example, the use of solar panels on the roof, you can collect the hot solar energy during the day into electricity for the internal use of the logistics center. At night, the accumulated solar energy can also meet the needs of street lights outside the logistics center. In addition, in order to save electricity, the logistics center will be energy-saving lamps instead of ordinary fluorescent lighting.
The Tesco Green Logistics Center in Jiashan, Zhejiang Province, can be called a model of environmental protection. The logistics center overall energy-saving design, the application of renewable energy, including a large number of green energy-saving technologies and equipment, including geothermal heat pumps, solar panels, solar street lights and other renewable energy. Among them, the geothermal heat pump system utilizes geothermal resources to achieve centralized heating and cooling, with the geothermal heat providing a heat source to the geothermal heat pump in winter and cooling the air in summer. Giant energy-saving fans with a diameter of 7.5 meters are installed on top of the warehouse's stocking and loading areas, allowing air to be blown towards the ground to prevent heat buildup on the roof and accelerate indoor air circulation to achieve warmth in winter and coolness in summer, thus reducing the need for traditional heating and cooling equipment. In terms of lighting, the logistics center uses T5 lighting, the latest and most energy-efficient lighting technology from the fluorescent lighting industry, which has higher lumens per watt than traditional T8 lamps at almost the same wattage, resulting in lower lighting energy costs; and uses lux units to measure illumination, which avoids over-illumination by ensuring that each area of activity is optimally illuminated, and reduces energy consumption accordingly.
3, the choice of warehouse type
In the choice of warehouse type, multi-storey three-dimensional warehouse can be intensive and efficient use of land, more environmentally friendly than ordinary warehouses. In the International Warehouse Association (IFWLA) 2012 annual meeting in Rome, Professor Francesco Filippi made the "European warehousing and logistics trends," the report pointed out that the design of European warehouses is changing, warehouses are getting bigger and higher, the narrow rack aisle design, the introduction of automatic storage systems, so that the efficiency of the warehouse land and space use increased (volume ratio increased), which can be reduced by 25% to 15%. This can result in a 25% to 35% reduction in land requirements, or a 45% reduction in the need for traditional warehouses. In China, the three-dimensional warehouse is also accelerating the development, and continue to use foreign advanced technology and equipment.
For example, Global Logistic Properties (GLP), Asia's largest provider of modern logistics facilities, has introduced an internationally advanced multi-storey warehouse design concept for its Yantian Port GLP Park project with the Yantian Port Group, which utilizes a circling lane design that allows vehicles to reach all levels of the warehouse directly for loading and unloading. Compared to traditional multi-storey warehouses that use elevators or elevators, the direct access design of the circling driveway can help customers improve loading and unloading efficiency, increase space utilization, and ensure sufficient parking spaces.
Currently, there are many green building standards in warehouse construction that can be referred to, such as the U.S. Green Building Council's LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) standards, Japan's CASBEE (Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency) standards, and Japan's CASBEE (Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency) standards. for Building Environmental Efficiency) standard and BREEAM (Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method) standard in Japan, as well as the standards of EU countries. etc. With the development and improvement of relevant standards in China, it is foreseeable that the construction of green warehouses will gradually evolve into a trend in the future.
4, friendly environment, attention to detail
In the daily operation and management, pay attention to improve the internal and external environment of the logistics center is also an important part of the pursuit of environmental protection. Often some of the details of the improvement on the results are obvious, such as in the logistics center around the planting of a variety of vegetation to enhance the overall greening rate, the use of recycled rainwater for green irrigation, the use of solar energy and wind power generation and so on. Daifuku (Group), a leading global logistics system integrator, has built a number of logistics centers with high-tech drainage treatment facilities, where all wastewater has to undergo comprehensive treatment before being discharged into local rivers. The drainage treatment facilities use dryers with high drying efficiency to reduce the water content of the sludge, cut the total amount of sludge, and ensure that the drainage water meets the strict local discharge standards. The sediment produced in the drainage treatment process is recycled and used as a raw material for cement production.
Daifuku also carefully considered making full use of the warehouse roof space for greening. For example, the roof constructed above the parking lot of the shipping area of the logistics center is striped, with white stripes allowing natural light to pass through to improve the lighting conditions, and the darker portion of the roof is paved with lawn due to greening. This not only absorbs exhaust fumes and heat emitted by vehicles, effectively mitigating the heat island phenomenon, but also makes effective use of the space in the logistics center.
The construction of a friendly environment also includes improvements to the operating environment of the logistics center, such as providing employees with a comfortable and healthy workplace through the use of natural light, cultivation of green plants and control of indoor air quality. In the summer of 2012, the well-known domestic express delivery company SF Express (Group) Co., Ltd. took the lead in the logistics industry to set off a "wind of environmental optimization.
The hot weather in summer makes the logistics center have to face the problem of how to cool down. On the one hand, air conditioning, fans and other traditional cooling equipment, power consumption, operating costs are too high; on the other hand, due to the large storage area, the traditional cooling equipment can not completely solve the cooling problem of large space. In this case, the first-line sorting, warehousing, distribution workers to the hot summer, sometimes heat stroke phenomenon. In order to improve the working conditions of the employees and ensure their health, SF Express has adopted the spray cooling system to realize environmental cooling in the East China Logistics Sorting Center. It is understood that the spray cooling system is Shanghai Tempus Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. developed environmental protection cooling supporting products, by the DRF environmental space optimization system and CFT cooling terminal components. Tempus environment technicians according to SF Express each regional logistics sorting center characteristics of tailor-made "room environment optimization program", through the low-carbon environmental protection of the purely physical way, to achieve the optimization of the environmental space temperature in the region. Relevant data show that the spray cooling system released by the spray can cover 30 square meters, can make the area body temperature reduction of 5 ℃ ~ 10 ℃, so that the logistics center is more environmentally friendly and humane.
5, environmental protection equipment, improve operations
In the green logistics center, in order to reduce energy consumption, reduce carbon emissions, some of the harmless to the human body, small impact on the environment, the product structure is simple and does not reduce the function of the recycling can be used to recover the logistics equipment has been more and more widely used, such as the use of clean fuels or electricity-driven forklifts.
The use of green packaging can improve the recycling rate of packaging materials, effectively control the consumption of resources, and avoid environmental pollution, such as the use of high-strength corrugated paper as a packaging material to replace wooden pallets. The pallets made of this material can be thrown away directly as ordinary garbage after the goods are delivered to customers, and can also be recycled as valuable waste. In addition, this kind of pallet also has the advantages of lightweight, safety, saving storage space and so on.
In the warehousing sector, with the depth of the concept of environmental protection and the development and use of new equipment, so that the traditional logistics operations to achieve a new change. In the logistics center of the goods in and out of the warehouse, picking, loading and unloading and other links, try to avoid damage to the goods, thereby reducing the waste of resources and waste pollution of the environment. In addition, through process optimization to eliminate ineffective handling and other operations, the rational use of mechanized and automated equipment to maintain balanced and smooth logistics.
As energy saving and environmental protection is an important trend in the future development of logistics equipment, many equipment manufacturers have also been committed to maintaining the performance of the product at the same time, the development and promotion of "green" products, specifically in terms of saving energy consumption, reducing carbon emissions. For example, the H-class stacker cranes of Daifuku Company in Japan have reduced their own weight by 20% through the optimization of the main body structure and the adoption of new materials, reducing energy consumption by more than 10%; at the same time, due to the adoption of a new type of motor and a high-speed stop damping module, the operating speed has increased by 5% to 10%, and the increase in handling capacity has brought about a reduction in the number of stacker cranes used in the overall planning of the logistics system, thus fundamentally realizing energy conservation and environmental protection.
Overall, the realization of the concept of "green" logistics centers does not only stop at the level of environmental optimization and energy-saving environmentally friendly warehouse construction, but is also reflected in the rational planning of logistics centers, the optimization of logistics operation processes, and the use of energy-saving logistics equipment and technology. We believe that with the rising awareness of environmental protection in society, the construction and management of logistics centers will pay more attention to environmental friendliness. Low-carbon, energy-saving green logistics center will become a long-term planning and practice of more enterprises.