1. The course of chronic glomerulonephritis is long and the condition changes greatly. Therefore, patients with chronic glomerulonephritis should not only master some principles of acute glomerulonephritis, but also focus on adjusting their diet according to the condition changes of chronic glomerulonephritis: 1. The intake of protein should be increased in the diet, and foods with high protein content, such as milk and soybean milk, should be supplemented. However, when chronic glomerulonephritis develops into uremia, a low-protein diet should be adopted, and the daily intake should be below 31 grams. 2. Light and digestible low-salt or salt-free foods should be supplied in the diet, especially when patients with chronic glomerulonephritis have edema, oliguria, hypertension or heart failure, they should avoid salt. 3. Avoid irritating foods such as peppers, garlic, leeks, tobacco and alcohol, and vegetables containing more oxalic acid, such as spinach. 4. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with hematuria should eat more foods that nourish yin and reduce fire, cool blood and stop bleeding. Such as black fungus, day lily, shepherd's purse, carp, turtle and so on.

2. dietary principle of occult glomerulonephritis: provide high-quality and high-protein diet, such as milk, eggs and fish, and control the intake of plant protein when renal insufficiency occurs. In normal meals, we should ensure the intake of carbohydrates and provide enough calories to reduce the decomposition of protein. Limit the intake of sodium, the sodium in daily diet should be less than 3g, and the intake of potassium should be controlled during oliguria to ensure comprehensive nutrition.

diet conditioning:

[1]. The sustained trace protein can be drunk with cogongrass and corn stigma: cogongrass rhizome 31g, corn stigma 31g, and appropriate amount of crystal sugar, and decocted with water.

[2]. Repeated hematuria under the microscope can be drunk with bamboo leaves and grass roots: 11 grams of bitter bamboo leaves and 31 grams of grass roots are decocted in water for tea.

[3]. lotus seed and coix seed porridge can be used for fatigue: 31g of lotus seed, 51g of coix seed and 51g of adzuki bean are boiled into porridge, and then a proper amount of rock sugar is added, so it can be eaten.

[4]. Astragalus porridge can be used for repeated edema: 61 grams of raw Astragalus and 61 grams of japonica rice. Slice Astragalus membranaceus, put it in a pot and add some water to make juice, then take it out, add washed japonica rice, cook it with strong fire, and cook it with slow fire to make porridge.

3. Acute glomerulonephritis, referred to as acute glomerulonephritis for short, mostly occurs in children or adolescents, with sudden onset. The clinical manifestations are hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, edema and glomerular diseases often accompanied by oliguria. Most of them are caused by the immune response caused by streptococcus infection. If treatment is not timely, nephron damage may increase rapidly. It can lead to renal failure in a short time. Because this disease is often complicated with some protein metabolic disorders, timely diet control with clinic can effectively alleviate the development of the disease.

For the nutritional treatment of acute nephritis, it is only necessary to slightly limit protein and salt in the diet for mild cases. The daily protein can be limited to about 1.8g/kg body weight, that is, about 41-51g per day. The intake of salt can be controlled according to the degree of edema and hypertension. Generally, the daily limit of salt is about 5 grams.

For moderate and severe cases, nitrogen retention often occurs, and diet should be strictly controlled. Protein's intake should be strictly limited. The daily weight should be 1.5 ~ 1.6g/kg, with an average of 31 ~ 41g/day. Try to choose high-quality protein foods, such as eggs, milk and lean meat, within the limited range. Eating meat is the same. White meat is better for your health than red meat. It is often said in nutrition that "those without legs (fish and seafood) are better than those with two legs (chicken and duck), and those with two legs are better than those with four legs" is reasonable. When the condition improves, the urine volume increases (> 1111ml/d), you can gradually increase the protein quality, but it is best not to exceed 1.8 g /kg per day, and you can gradually return to normal after 2 ~ 3 months of stable condition. About the intake of sodium salt. Patients with edema and hypertension should adopt low-salt, salt-free or even low-sodium diet. Low-salt diet generally requires 2 ~ 3 grams of salt per day. In addition, all foods containing more salt, such as pickles, pickles, salted eggs, preserved eggs, bacon, seafood, ham, sausage and salted bread, should be avoided. Salt-free diet is cooking without salt, soy sauce and monosodium glutamate. In order to increase the taste, in addition to the above-mentioned foods containing salt should be avoided, sugar, vinegar, sesame sauce, tomato sauce and so on can be used to flavor. Low-sodium diet is not to add salt and soy sauce when cooking, and some foods and vegetables with high sodium content should also be restricted. For example, steamed bread, cakes, biscuits and dried noodles made of baking powder or alkali should be used with caution if the sodium content in vegetables is more than 111 mg /111 g, and the sodium content in patients' daily diet should not exceed 511 mg. Secondly, when patients have oliguria, urinary incontinence or elevated blood potassium, they should also pay attention to limiting the consumption of vegetables, animal viscera and fruits rich in potassium. The fluid intake should be controlled according to the daily urine volume. The general method is to supplement the amount of urine discharged the day before, and then take in 511 ~ 1111 ml. Where the urine volume is too small with edema, the daily fluid intake should be less than 1111 ml. Most patients are in bed, so the heat energy should not be too high, about 25 ~ 31 kcal/kg body weight every day, about 1611 ~ 2111 kcal all day. Carbohydrate and fat are the main sources of heat energy, accounting for about 91% of the total heat energy. However, the fat content should not be too much, and vegetable oil should be used as the main cooking material. All kinds of vitamins in the diet should be supplemented. Vitamin C can fight allergic reactions, and you can eat more fresh fruits and vegetables every day. Available and taboo foods

(1) Available foods

Try to choose foods rich in essential amino acids such as eggs, milk, lean meat and bean products within the limited range in protein. Grain and vegetable oil are the main sources of heat energy supply. All kinds of vegetables and fruits can be eaten except those whose potassium salt is restricted due to illness

(2) Use foods with caution or avoid them < P > Foods with high sodium content, such as salt, salted bread and salted dried noodles, should be carefully selected according to the needs of illness. Try to save the dosage within the limited range of protein, and carefully select foods rich in essential amino acids, so that they can be used where patients need them most.

Examples of acute nephritis recipes: low-salt and low-protein soft rice

Breakfast: 1 packets of assorted sweets with milk

Lunch: steamed bread with spinach noodle soup, egg and wheat starch

Extra meal: apple

Dinner: sliced eggplant and tomato with meat

All-purpose oil: 41g, and all-purpose salt: 2-3g.