A hundred years ago, the textbooks of Chaoshan dialect compiled by missionaries, the blue-and-white porcelain tableware used in the central restaurant in the late Qing Dynasty, and the five official hats of the Qing Dynasty ... The exhibition work of the first building of Yongping, Shantou Kaibu Cultural Exhibition Hall, has been fully completed. At present, the exhibition hall has received more than 181 cultural relics. From these precious cultural relics donated by enthusiastic people, it seems that we can see the prosperous memory of a century-old commercial port. A few days ago, some donors visited the exhibition hall in advance and told reporters the wonderful story behind the cultural relics. Among the cultural relics donated by enthusiastic people, a number of books compiled by missionaries in Chaoshan dialect are particularly eye-catching That's nearly ten reference books, teaching materials and other works of Chaoshan dialect written by foreign missionaries, which have been collected for many years by Professor Lin Lunlun, dean of Korea Normal University and an expert in Chaozhou studies, including the Bible of Tide Sound, Shantou Dialect Dictionary and English-Chinese Chaozhou Dialect Vocabulary. Lin Lunlun believes that it is a very meaningful thing for jinping district to build Shantou Kaibu Cultural Exhibition Hall. These cultural relics, which witnessed the opening of Shantou port, are the "physical evidence" of Shantou's overseas cultural characteristics, and are also precious documents with great commemorative value. It is not easy to collect these books donated by Lin Lunlun. They were all obtained by him and his friends from famous libraries at home and abroad. Some of them were copied from the libraries of Harvard University, Hong Kong University and the National Library of Beijing, and some of them were given to him by friends who knew his professional hobbies and specially copied them in libraries around the country. According to Lin Lunlun, in the middle and late 19th century, in order to master the language tools for direct communication with the parishioners, groups of missionaries who spread the gospel of Christ in eastern Guangdong tried to learn the main dialect in eastern Guangdong, namely Chaoshan dialect. In the process of learning, they learn words, make cards and compile dictionaries; After I learned it, I also compiled oral teaching materials for the second and third generation missionaries who came to Chaoshan area to learn. These works are basically published by western religious groups, and some have been compiled after decades of accumulation and revision by church missionaries. The biographies of the writers of textbooks and reference books all emphasize that to preach in eastern Guangdong, we must first "learn the accent", that is, Chaoshan dialect. The authors of these books are usually highly educated. I have been exposed to English dictionaries in Britain and America. In the book, Chaoshan sounds are spelled in Roman and the meanings of words are explained in English, so as to facilitate the communication between western missionaries and Chaoshan believers at that time. These dictionaries are the first examples of English-Chinese comparative dialect dictionaries. In addition, there are some traditional views on Chaozhou dialect dictionaries, which need further discussion because of the dictionaries written by these foreign missionaries. According to research, the earliest reference book of Min dialect in eastern Guangdong compiled by local people is Zhang Shizhen's "Zi Xue Jin Liang: Fifteen Tones of Tide", which was published by Shantou Book Newspaper Shiyin Society in 1913. These reference books compiled by foreign missionaries are not only published 31 years or even half a century earlier, but also quite standardized, which is valuable material for studying the history of dialect words. The tableware of the central restaurant reflects the changes of Chaozhou cuisine. What utensils were used in Shantou restaurants nearly a hundred years ago? Huang Chuhua, vice chairman of Shantou Cuisine Society, donated this batch of restaurant tableware in the 1921s and 1931s, which gave us an opportunity to understand the food culture of that era. Born in a family of chefs, Huang Chuhua is keen on the excavation of Chaoshan culture, especially collecting many collections related to the history and culture of Chaoshan cuisine. He said that the donated tableware in these restaurants is exquisite and vicissitudes, which is a witness that Chaozhou cuisine began in Chaozhou and flourished in Shantou. According to Huang Chuhua, most of these tableware are blue-and-white porcelain fired in the late Qing Dynasty, including blue-and-white stews used in Central Restaurant and Yongping Restaurant, nine dishes of Xier and Gao Zhilian Bowl. Judging from the delicacy and delicacy of these tableware, Chaoshan catering has gradually developed from the original big plate with big fish and big meat to exquisite, meticulous and separate meals, from which we can see the development of Chaoshan cuisine in the times. Huang Chuhua said that the opening of Shantou port promoted economic prosperity, frequent business trips and constant banquets between officials and gentlemen, which accelerated the development of the catering industry. At that time, there was a popular ballad in Chaoshan: "The central government has a good posture, Yongping has a good layout, Mingfang has a good air and Taofang has a good shark's fin", which was the praise people gave to these four restaurants at that time. At that time, there was a saying, "There is a thunder Lord in the sky and a fragrant boy on the ground." Xu Xiangtong is chaozhou people, working as a chef in Shantou Yongping Restaurant. This rumor spread that Chaozhou cuisine is famous for its exquisite craftsmanship, which is a true portrayal of Chaozhou cuisine in its prosperous period in modern history. Why Chaozhou cuisine is famous is that it is exquisite in workmanship, very light in taste and easy to be accepted and loved by everyone. At that time, eating Chaozhou cuisine in four major restaurants was a symbol of nobility and status. The old master collects the stamp of Chaozhou pastry. The 75-year-old Luo Muliang has been working as an artist for more than 51 years. Since his father's generation, he has been engaged in the work of Chaozhou pastry, and has also collected a variety of pastry molds in this industry. I learned from the newspaper that the Jinping district government raised cultural relics from the society after Shantou's opening. The old man Luo Muliang couldn't sit still. He thought it would be better to take the collection to the exhibition hall to let more people know about the various changes of Chaozhou-style cakes. The old man Luo Muliang donated more than 61 molds in one breath, including the molds for making fork cakes, wooden sticks, mung bean cakes, big moon cakes and red cakes for marriage. There is a toy cake mold, including fish, shrimp, crab and other patterns. Although the die seal is carved from wood, the pattern is vivid. There is also a pair of chess cake die printing. At that time, the cakes printed with this die were also very popular with chess fans. A red Jin box is made of gold paint, which is generally used to put all kinds of candy to entertain guests during the Spring Festival. It was collected by the old man Luo Muliang before liberation. In addition to the mold, the old man Luo Muliang also took out a business license of the year. This also witnessed the situation of shops and economic prosperity after Shantou opened its port. Five cool hats of the Qing Dynasty appeared on the first floor of the exhibition hall. Among the antique cultural relics, the five cool hats of the Qing Dynasty donated by Mr. Lin, a member of the Provincial Collectors Association, are very eye-catching. According to Mr. Lin, the official hats worn by officials in the Qing Dynasty are also called big hats, and there are two kinds of * * *: one is worn in winter, called "warm hats"; One is worn in summer, called "cool hat". At that time, the highest official of the Qing government in Shantou was five products, and this cool hat was also collected from Shantou. The "treasures" donated by Mr. Lin also include some textbooks that he scoured from various places more than a hundred years ago. The reporter saw that these textbooks had turned yellow, but the handwriting was still legible. These textbooks were used by Lingdong Tongwen School at that time. In about 1899, Qiu Fengjia moved the Dongwenyuan in Chaozhou to "Tongqing Shantang" in Shantou, and renamed it "Lingdong Tongwen School". This is not only the first new school in Guangdong, but also one of the few schools in China in the late Qing Dynasty. Now it is the third primary school in Shantou Waima Road. In 1918, the school was changed into a business school. Teachers and students of the school actively participated in the establishment of Chaozhou League Branch and Shantou League, and made historical contributions to the Revolution of 1911 with people of all walks of life.