Ou Yangxun 1

Ou Yangxun (557-64 1), a native of Linxiang (now Changsha, Hunan), was a famous calligrapher and official in the Tang Dynasty, and one of the four masters of regular script.

Sun of General Liang Zhengnan in the Southern Dynasties, son of General Ouyang Kun in the Southern Dynasties, was born in Hengzhou (now Hengyang, Hunan) in the second year of Liang Taiping in the Southern Dynasties (AD 557), and his ancestral home was Linxiang in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan).

Ou Yangxun, together with his contemporaries Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Xue Qi, were called the four masters in the early Tang Dynasty. Because his son Ouyang Tong is also good at calligraphy, he is also called "Big Europe".

He and Yu Shinan were both famous for their calligraphy in the early Tang Dynasty, also known as "Ou Yu". Later generations see danger in Chinese books, which is the most convenient for beginners and named "European style".

Representative regular script includes Jiuchenggong Li Quanming, Huangfu Birthday Monument, Huadu Temple Monument, and running script includes Zhong Nimeng's stippling and running script with thousands of characters.

He has his own unique views on calligraphy, including eight methods of calligraphy works, teaching strategies, pen theory and thirty-six methods. The inscriptions on the stupa of Huadu Temple written by Buddhist monks, the tablet of Yu Gong Gong Wen Yanbo, and the tablet of Huangfushengchen? Known as "the first regular script in Tang Dynasty".

2. Yu Shinan

Yu Shinan (July 1 1558-638) was born in Yuyao, Yuezhou (now Zhenming Hechang, Guanhaiwei, Cixi City, Zhejiang Province).

Calligrapher, writer, poet and politician from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, one of the twenty-four outstanding figures in Lingyange. Son of Li Yu, illegitimate son of Prince Chen, younger brother of Yu Shiqi, assistant minister of literature and history of Sui Dynasty. ?

Yu Shinan is quiet and eager to learn. Chen, two generations of Sui Dynasty, was an official worshiper of a doctor and lived in a shed. After the demise of the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed assistant minister of Huangmen by Dou Jiande.

After the destruction of Dou Jiande, Nan joined the army as Qin, Taishigong and Tingchang, and Fang became one of the "eighteen bachelors".

During the Zhenguan period, he served as a writer, secretary, secretary supervisor and so on, and successively served as the son of Yongxing County and the public of Yongxing County, so he was known as "Yu Yongxing and Yu Secret Supervisor".

Although he looks timid, he is strong-willed, outspoken, and dare to remonstrate, which won the respect of Li Shimin. He is known as "virtue, loyalty, erudition, literature and literature".

In the 12th year of Zhenguan (638), Yu Shinan died at the age of 81. Posthumous title does history, presented "Wen Yi" and was buried in Zhaoling. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), it was painted like Lingyan Pavilion. ?

Yu Shinan is good at calligraphy, and he is also known as "the four masters in the early Tang Dynasty" with Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Qi. Japanese academic circles called Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Yu Shinan as "three masters in the early Tang Dynasty".

Bei Tang Shu Chao was compiled by Bei Tang Shu Chao, which is considered as one of the four great books in Tang Dynasty and one of the earliest books in China. The original poetry collection has 30 volumes, but it has not been completely lost. In the Republic of China, Zhang Shouyong compiled the four-volume Mi Yu Ji Jian.

3. Chu Suiliang

Chu Suiliang (596-658 or 659), born in Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), was a politician and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. ?

Chu Suiliang is knowledgeable and proficient in literature and history. Follow Xue Ju at the end of Sui Dynasty and give up others for the overall situation. After submitting to the Tang Dynasty, he served as an admonition officer, assistant minister of Huangmen and minister in charge of government.

In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Sun Chang Wuji was adopted by Emperor Taizong's posthumous edict, and he was promoted to the right servant of Shangshu, making him the Duke of Yuzhou. Later, it was the same State Secretariat. Yonghui was recalled in the third year (652), and served as the official minister, supervising the revision of national history, being the right servant of the official minister and knowing political affairs.

After resolutely opposing the establishment of Wu Zetian, he was demoted to the governor of Tanzhou (now Changsha). After Wu Hou came to power, he was transferred to the governor of Guangxi (now Guilin), and later demoted to Aizhou Secretariat (now Qinghua, Vietnam) and died in office. In the sixth year of Tianbao (747), it was awarded to Gaozong Temple. Posthumous title is "Wen Zhong".

Chu Suiliang is a calligrapher. He studied in Shinan first, and then in Xizhi, the king of France. He, Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan and Xue Qi are also called "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty". His ink handed down from ancient times includes Master Meng's Monument and the preface to the sacred teachings of Yanta.

4. Yukime

Xue Ji (649-7 13) was born in Fenyin, Zhou Pu (now Wanrong County, Shaanxi Province) (West Branch of Xuejia in Hedong). Tang dynasty ministers, painters and calligraphers.

He used to be assistant minister of Huangmen, assistant worker, prince of Shaobao and minister of rites, and was named Jin Gong. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, Princess Taiping and Dou Huaizhen plotted a coup. Yukime died in prison at the age of 65 because he didn't report it. ?

Master Gong Shu, from Yu Shinan, and Chu Suiliang, Yu Shinan were called four masters in the early Tang Dynasty. Good at painting, good at figures, Buddha statues, trees and stones, flowers and birds, especially good at painting cranes, which can accurately and vividly express the shape and expression of cranes. There are several masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as "The Monument to the Believing Zen Master".

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Calligraphy achievements:

Ou Yangxun 1

Ou Yangxun is not only a great calligrapher, but also a calligraphy theorist. He summed up eight methods of practicing and learning Chinese characters in his long-term calligraphy practice.

Ou Yangxun's "Teaching Calligraphy", "On the Use of Calligraphy", "Eight Methods" and "Thirty-six Methods" are all summaries of his own experience in learning calligraphy, which specifically summarize the formal skills and aesthetic requirements of calligraphy, such as the use of calligraphy, structure and composition, and are valuable legacies of calligraphy theory, China.

2. Yu Shinan

Yu Shinan's calligraphy has inherited the tradition of the two kings (Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi), and his brushwork is full of harmony and elegance.

Yu Shinan doesn't choose pen and paper to write a book, but pays great attention to sitting posture and wrist movements. He believes that as long as the posture is correct and the wrist is weak, even thick paper and bald pen can be handy and creative. ?

His works were rare in the Yuan Dynasty. In addition to posts, there are books handed down from ancient times, such as the tablet of Confucius Temple, the theory of breaking evil spirits, and running scripts, such as the epitaph of Princess Runan and the preface to Lanting. One of the Three Prefaces to Imitate the Tang Lanting was handed down as Yu Shinan's ink.

3. Chu Suiliang

Among the calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty, Ou Yangxun and Chu Suiliang were the most innovative, and Chu Suiliang was the best one to keep pace with the times. Ou and Yu maintained more calligraphy styles in the Sui Dynasty, while Chu Suiliang was able to learn from others and was not bound by his predecessors.

His words give people the impression that flesh and blood are balanced, rigid and soft, delicate and clear, strength and beauty, bone and rhyme tend to be one. "Really opening the door of' Tang Kai' can be called a bridge for the excessive opening of regular script in Sui and Tang Dynasties", which finally promoted the formation of the style of respecting calligraphy in Tang Dynasty. It provides a reference for the continuation and innovation of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty and even later generations.

4. Yukime

Ji calligraphy comes from Truman. Although it is novel, it can't be Shen Feng. However, because "the stone rat is super effective, it is too shameful to hide from the Sui and Zhu Dynasties", it has not been able to get rid of the scale of the Chu family and is unique. Ranked among the "four schools in the early Tang Dynasty", it is actually inferior. Therefore, those who are attached to Ji Ou, Yu and Chu and those who write books are all for even numbers! The existing "Xinyi Zen Master Monument" was written by Li Zhen, the king of Yue, and was established in Chang 'an in the second year of Shenlong (706), which is his masterpiece.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ou Yangxun

Baidu encyclopedia-Yu Shinan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Chu Suiliang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yukime