The issue of equity proportion distribution at the beginning of starting a business is a very headache. I believe many people are curious. How do those successful enterprises distribute their equity at the beginning of starting a business? Let's take a look at how Haidilao, the star of the catering industry, did it.

partnership case: how Haidilao adjusts its shareholding structure step by step

In p>1994, in Jianyang, Sichuan, four young people opened a small hot pot restaurant with only four tables, which was Haidilao's first shop. Zhang Yong, the current chairman and general manager of Haidilao, didn't pay at that time, and the other three people * * * raised 8,111 yuan, and four people respectively held 25% of the shares. Later, the four men formed two couples, each holding 51% of the shares.

With the development of the enterprise, Zhang Yong thought that the other three shareholders could not keep pace with the development of the enterprise, so he relentlessly let them leave Haidilao one after another, keeping only the status of shareholders. Zhang Yong first let his wife leave, and in 2114, Shi Yonghong's wife also left.

In p>2117, after the establishment of Haidilao in 2113, the enterprise entered a stage of rapid development. At this time, Zhang Yong decided to let his old friend Shi Yonghong, who was equal to him in terms of equity investment, time and energy, also leave Haidilao.

While letting Shi Yonghong leave, Zhang Yong bought back 18% of the equity from Shi Yonghong at the original capital contribution price, and Zhang Yong became the absolute controlling shareholder of Haidilao.

When Shi Yonghong was asked about this, he replied, "What can I do if I don't agree? He (Zhang Yong) has always been in charge ... Then I figured it out. Although there are fewer shares, there are more money to make, and at the same time I am at leisure. Also, as a major shareholder, he will be more worried about the company and the company will develop better. "

Haidilao has solved the problem of unsatisfactory ownership structure in an incredible way. The perfect solution to this problem, on the one hand, is because Haidilao is dominated by Zhang Yong and supplemented by Shi Yonghong from the very beginning, on the other hand, Shi Yonghong's generosity and generosity also contributed, otherwise, without his cooperation, things can't be solved perfectly.

In the case of equal equity ratio, we must learn from Haidilao and Zhang Yong in order to ensure a long-lasting foundation. Adjust the ownership structure at any time according to the stage of enterprise development. Negotiation or internal repurchase can be considered.

so what problems should enterprises pay attention to when dividing the ownership structure? Basically, it can be summarized as follows.

1. The equity structure should not be averaged

Equity structure averaging is a common problem in many start-up enterprises. If several good brothers start a business together, then the equity ratio will be averaged. Fortunately, in the short term, once the enterprise starts to make profits, everyone's contribution is different. At this time, the equalization of ownership structure will bring many problems. This kind of ownership structure is particularly common in China. At first, everyone thought well, but in the end, most of them will not have a good ending.

Although some co-entrepreneurs with equal equity can make their enterprises bigger and stronger abroad, they are still dominant in China. Because when an enterprise has a major shareholder, it means that it has a decision-making center, and the remaining minority shareholders do not lack the right to speak. Based on this model, both different opinions can be maintained and some people can make a decision.

2. Rationalization of interest structure

Most partnership start-up companies are presented in the form of "limited liability companies", and the form of capital contribution is not limited to cash. In addition to cash, it can also be in kind, technology, intellectual property and so on. Therefore, the forms of capital contribution other than cash need to be negotiated by the partners to set the equity ratio according to the value.

This means that the equity ratio includes three parts: cash, working ability, original background and contribution to be made. The division of equity ratio of start-up enterprises can refer to these three aspects.

rationalization of interest structure is the most basic principle of equity distribution. Divide shares according to contribution, those who should get the largest shares should get the largest shares, and those who have not contributed can't get the shares. For example, in sales-oriented companies, the founders who are responsible for sales have more shares. Similarly, in a product company, the founder responsible for product research and development is often the largest shareholder. The basic principle is that equity is only given to irreplaceable people, and people who can be replaced generally do not need equity.

of course, it is not excluded that some companies take equity incentive measures to encourage employees before listing, thus affecting the increase or decrease of the founder's equity. However, for the sake of convenience, start-up companies can ignore these factors when allocating equity, but make a general inventory of the equity ratio of the founders. Even if there is a slight deviation, it can be consistent in the general direction.

Equity is the top priority of an entrepreneurial team, so friends who want to start a business or have already started a business must be cautious about the issue of equity distribution. If this issue is not solved well, it will inevitably lead to endless troubles in the future.

This article is taken from "If you don't understand partnership, you must break up" to explain the practical partnership strategy that entrepreneurs must understand. Understanding partnership is the core to solve the core problem, and understanding partnership is the basic quality of partners. Wu Shuai, a senior enterprise observer, carefully dissects the most typical case of partnership entrepreneurship through the research and analysis of a large number of startup companies, taking you directly to the law of life and death in partnership entrepreneurship, avoiding partnership risks and harvesting the fruits of partnership.