First, the preparation before construction

After being familiar with the construction drawings and related materials, organize relevant personnel to conduct on-site investigation. Only by fully understanding and mastering the design and function of weak current system can we do a better job in weak current construction scheme.

Second, the material organization and management

According to the characteristics and plan of weak current construction, auxiliary materials mainly enter the site in the early stage and equipment installation and acceptance in the later stage. Because the main materials and auxiliary materials are different in use nature and regular time, they need to be treated differently and managed separately.

Third, the warehouse settings

In order to strengthen the material management, it is necessary to store the equipment in a ventilated, dry, safe and appropriate warehouse, and do a good job in the distribution, warehousing and inventory of materials in combination with the warehouse item management system.

Fourth, equipment procurement, production and storage.

Engineering auxiliary materials and main construction tools should be purchased and put into storage as planned. According to the actual construction point and the weak current construction scheme used by households, the construction can only be carried out after the joint inspection and acceptance of the use environment is confirmed to be qualified.

Code for construction of weak current wiring

First of all, strong wires and weak wires should be wired separately.

When the circuit is reformed, the construction team will store all the lines together to facilitate the construction. This is a big taboo, which will cause interference between lines, lead to unstable signals at home and leave a fire hazard. After all the circuits are reformed, the strong current and weak current should be routed separately. It is forbidden to use bottom box and lamp tube for strong and weak current. The parallel spacing of high-voltage lines should not be less than 30cm, and the spacing should be 50cm, and they must cross at right angles.

Second, the choice of weak current threading pipe

The choice of weak current threading pipe is hard pvc pipe or steel pipe. The price of pvc pipe is cheaper than that of steel pipe, which is a kind that many people will use more, but the effect of shielding signals is not as good as that of steel pipe. Therefore, if there are local interference sources in the laid lines, which can not meet the requirements of small clear distance, steel pipes can be used as threading pipes.

Third, separate the pipes.

In order to avoid the interference of signals, the network cable and the electric wire should pass through the pipe separately during weak current construction, and cannot be stored in the same pipe.

Fourth, lay pipes before laying lines.

When carrying out weak current construction, the construction personnel should install the pipeline first, and then thread it to avoid the line from twitching, so as to avoid the phenomenon that the line cannot twitch when it needs to be replaced in the future.

Fifth, avoid too many lines in the same pipe.

When laying, it should be changed according to the number of wires in the pipe. If there are more than four wires in the same pipe, you cannot build wires. The utilization rate of straight pipe diameter is about 50%, while the utilization rate of elbow pipe diameter should be about 40%.

Sixth, avoid breaking right-angle bends.

When wiring, you should pay attention to the fact that the conduit should not be directly broken and turned to a right angle, which will easily lead to the wire not passing, and the influence of social signals is also great, so use a big bend to connect.

Precautions for weak current wiring:

1. In order to avoid interference, the weak line and the strong line should keep a certain distance. According to national standards, the horizontal distance between power cable and socket, TV cable and socket shall not be less than 50 cm.

2. Fully consider the potential demand and reserve sockets. For example, TV signal sockets can also be reserved in restaurants or kitchens, and telephone lines can also be reserved in bathrooms.

3. In order to facilitate future inspection and maintenance, try to concentrate the telephone and network control at home in a convenient location, and then divide it into various rooms from this location. Of course, it is better to adopt the wireless network and wireless telephone scheme I mentioned earlier, which is more convenient.

4. When laying the network cable, try to do it at the same time as the indoor decoration. In order to prevent the building materials from corroding the network cable, we should dig a wall slot of about 4cm along the wall, insert the network cable into the PVC pipe, bury it in the wall slot, and then decorate the wall.

5. All cables shall be laid by PVC pipe group, and cable twisting and 90-degree straight bending shall be avoided as far as possible when threading.

6. When laying the network cable, try not to lay it parallel to the AC power cord, and keep the distance between the socket and the power socket above 20cm. Prevent magnetic field interference caused by alternating current.

7. Network cables are different from ordinary cables. In order to ensure higher bandwidth and require higher quality of network cables, more than five types of cables need to be used, and the connection of network cables must be terminated with special modules and connectors.

8. It is required that the length of the network cable in each room should not exceed 40 meters, and there should be no connectors in the middle. In particular, it is not allowed to connect short network cables with tape like power cables before use.

9. The incoming cable can be distributed in the embedded weak box at the entrance of the hall together with the incoming telephone line.

Before decorating, DX must pay attention to the layout design and wiring design of electrical appliances, otherwise, hehe ... So the first thing we have to do is to draw a floor plan of the living room, then mark all the planned information points on the plan, and then draw the lines that need to be connected into the plan to roughly calculate the length of various cables (one foot is better than one inch). The procurement of materials is mainly PVC pipes and various wires, and the requirements of wires are strong and good quality. Needless to say, the network cable, no matter whether the speed of 1000M is needed in the future, it is best to buy super-class 5 twisted pair, and the telephone line is directly replaced by twisted pair. Because all kinds of cables have to be buried underground or in the wall for a long time, they can't be replaced at will. Therefore, the quality of cables is particularly important. Don't save money for the time being, buy cables from regular channels. Remember! Remember!

Construction details:

One more thing to pay attention to in construction ... let's see if DX is a quasi-professional according to this standard. This is the details of the construction. ....

1. Before wiring, labels with information point labels shall be attached to both ends of each conductor. The labels must be written correctly and clearly, and the labels shall be firm and not easy to fall off and return.

2. The wires in the trunking must be fixed and not bent. When multiple wires are bundled, they shall be arranged neatly and shall not be entangled. When placing the wire, don't use too much force to avoid the wire breaking.

3. When the wire leaves the nozzle and groove, it must be protected to avoid damaging the wire.

4. When wires, pipes and trunking are exposed to fire (such as electric welding and oxygen cutting), fire prevention measures should be taken to avoid burning out and burning out wires.

5. There should be a certain margin at both ends of the wire:

(1) Leave a margin of 0.2-0.3m at the outlet of the socket.

(2) In the junction box, the length of the conductor shall be inclined to the corner of the ground from top to bottom, and to the corner of the wall from bottom to top.

(3) When terminating the super-Category 5 information socket, the distance from the peeling head of the super-Category 5 cable to the skin should be as short as possible, and it needs to be wound one more time along the twisting direction to ensure that the twisting degree of the super-Category 5 cable will not be damaged when terminating, thus affecting its super-Category 5 transmission standard.

(4) When reserving the bottom hole of the information socket, put a rubber protective sleeve on the entrance of the branch pipe or grind off the quick opening at the interface to ensure that the horizontal line will not be damaged by the quick opening at the entrance when it is introduced.

Precautions for network wiring:

With the rapid development of society, various industries, departments and home users have an increasing demand for information, and the development of computer communication network technology has also provided the possibility of realizing large-capacity and high-speed transmission. Therefore, more and more units and home users have begun to consider how to effectively arrange and install network communication lines, so that they can easily access the local area network or the Internet in the future and realize high-speed and large-capacity data, voice and image transmission. So how can we effectively arrange network cables for buildings or other network communication systems? The author talks about the main points that should be paid attention to in network wiring according to his own understanding.

1, to improve the understanding of the importance of network wiring.

Only by fully understanding the importance of network wiring can the network cable layout be more systematic, standardized and reasonable in the actual wiring process. The structured and systematic wiring of the network can make the unit users and individual users make full use of the rapidly developing technologies, which can have a substantial impact on all systems in any equipment. When arranging network lines in the system, the installation, debugging, replacement and maintenance of communication equipment can be very convenient and fast because of the standard interconnection system, so that users can get the best efficiency return on their investment in this area. By systematically arranging network cables, we can not only ensure the flexibility and expansibility of the network in the future, but also control the workload and cost required for future system maintenance to a minimum. The systematic arrangement of network lines can actually be regarded as building a platform with good engineering performance for the whole network communication system. Using this platform, the network communication of the whole building or the whole communication system has great flexibility and versatility, and at the same time it has a very good cost performance. For example, according to the author's wiring experience, the system wiring of the whole floor or building can reduce the maintenance personnel of network communication to half of the original. Because the systematic and structured network cabling system is a star-shaped physical structure with diversified functions, it can be applied to network systems with different topological structures. We only need to make some wiring changes at the appropriate nodes, and we don't need to move cables and equipment. Therefore, once the network system changes, the reasonable arrangement of network cables can better reflect its own advantages.

2. The network products required for wiring should come from the same manufacturer.

Because the network products used for wiring, such as ordinary five-class twisted pair or crystal head, are weak signals, a little carelessness may affect the overall performance of network communication. At present, there are many network products with various performances on the market. Some manufacturers may produce better quality network cables, some manufacturers may produce crystal heads with obvious effects, and some manufacturers produce the most cost-effective network interface modules. In order to concentrate all the benefits of these products, many wiring companies often simply think that if these network products are combined to wire a system, it is possible to minimize the signal attenuation of network communication and achieve the best communication effect. In fact, this understanding is incorrect. Once these high-performance products produced by different manufacturers are integrated into a system, not only can the communication effect we imagined not be achieved, but the communication effect will become worse. Because the internal material impedance of different manufacturers' network products is different, the slight difference of impedance may have a great influence on the signal attenuation of high-speed communication network, thus affecting the communication quality of the whole network communication system. Some people may say that the network products of different manufacturers were only used when wiring, and it seems that the speed has not dropped significantly? In fact, if a system uses different network products, the impact on the network switching speed below 10M is really small, and sometimes it can't even be compared by hand. However, if the network system with 100M or higher speed uses different network products for wiring, the final switching speed of the network will change obviously. Therefore, the author suggests that no matter what kind of network system is wired, we'd better use the network products produced by the same manufacturer, which is more likely to obtain the communication quality guarantee provided by this manufacturer for about 15 years.

3, before wiring to reasonable planning and design.

Because the wiring should take into account the integrity and systematicness, this requires us to be careful before wiring, do a full investigation and study, collect relevant wiring materials, such as the design drawings of buildings that need wiring, matters and details that need to be considered in wiring, and at the same time, comprehensively consider the construction progress, application requirements and economic conditions of wiring. If wiring is carried out when the building is still in the building, it should be implemented according to the architectural design requirements of the building and the specific requirements of the building for wiring, such as proposing the channel specifications for wiring between the upper and lower floors, embedding some pipes and so on. These requirements can be reflected in the design drawings of buildings, so that some wiring can be completed at the same time in the early stage of construction, avoiding many disadvantages in the later stage of construction, reducing duplication of work, improving work efficiency, and being reasonable and easy to implement. If the comprehensive wiring is carried out synchronously with the interior decoration project on the basis of the existing building, it shall be carried out according to the information of the existing building and the actual observation, analysis and control of the decoration design.

4. Don't use the network cable at the same time.

In order to save investment, many designers often use a network cable to connect two devices at the same time. For example, they may separate a pair of wires from the twisted pair to connect the telephone, or they may connect two pairs of wires to two network interface modules at the same time, which seems to improve the utilization rate of the network cable. In fact, this multi-purpose method has a great influence on the efficiency of network communication. For example, if the network cable is to be multi-purpose, it is necessary to untie the twisted cables, so that the twist angle of the twisted pair will be destroyed, the near-end series winding parameters of the twisted pair will become larger, and the increase of the near-end series winding value will have a great impact on the transmission and switching speed of the network cable; Moreover, with the continuous upgrading of network switching speed, gigabit speed switching networks are gradually popularized. Gigabit networks adopt full-duplex transmission switching mode and will use all eight pairs of cables contained in a network line. Therefore, from this perspective, the multi-purpose of the first line is not conducive to the upgrade of the entire network system in the future.

5, to strictly wiring construction quality.

When wiring a large building or communication network system, it is not enough to rely solely on the power of computer technicians. To this end, many units invite construction workers to participate in the whole wiring system project, and most of these construction workers know nothing about networks or computers. They often confuse network wiring with the layout of telephone lines, wires and other wires, so these workers will not consider all the details of network wiring when wiring. For example, details such as the connection between the network cable and the interface module, the connection between the network cable and the crystal head, and the splicing of cables in the network cable will have a great impact on the transmission performance of the network cable if these construction workers do not strictly control the construction quality and pay attention to the handling of these details.

For users, the only way to detect the network wiring layout is to simply use the network detection command "ping" to check the connectivity of the network when the whole wiring is completed. As long as the network is pinged, the whole wiring work is considered qualified. In fact, after the completion of network wiring, it is not as simple as simply checking whether the network is connected. You also need to see whether the transmission speed of the network reaches the nominal value of the network product. A wiring with poor construction quality will greatly reduce the transmission speed. In addition, we must pay attention to the comprehensive inspection of the arranged network cable system. For example, first of all, we can see the connection sequence of eight lines in the network cable through the network cable tester and test whether they are connected. This kind of test can also be very convenient for ordinary users, as long as we buy a tester; When testing large-scale system networks with high transmission requirements, we must also check the overall signal loss of point-to-point connections through special tests. The loss signal is too large, and the construction quality is definitely unqualified. In addition, be sure to test the near-end crosstalk of the cable. We must test the near-end crosstalk between all pairs, and the worst pair combination must meet the minimum performance requirements to ensure the most basic guarantee for the operation of the network system. When testing the network cable, it should also be marked, and the number of each point should be marked on the information point and distribution frame with label paper and marked on the floor plan, so as to manage, use and maintain the system in the future. Generally, there are problems at both ends of the inspection. This may be because the distribution frame is not done well, or the module is not done well. It is more likely that the screw drilled into the network cable and caused a short circuit. After marking and testing all aspects of the network system, we should rearrange the network cable plan and mark it correctly for future maintenance.