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Analysis of project procurement management

Abstract This paper describes the traditional project procurement mode, construction project management mode and design. Procurement mode and design of construction projects? Management of engineering procurement mode and BOT mode is of guiding significance to procurement personnel's daily work.

Keywords procurement BOT management

The project procurement mode refers to the relationship mode among project participants such as owners, supervision engineers (builders, consultants, consultants), designers, contractors, subcontractors, materials and equipment suppliers, including contractual relationship, instruction (management, coordination) relationship and cooperation (parallel) relationship.

1 traditional project procurement mode

(1) traditional mode organization. In this project procurement management mode, the owner entrusts the architect (consulting engineer) to carry out all relevant work in the early stage of the project (such as opportunity study and feasibility study, etc.); After the project is evaluated and approved, the owner entrusts the design. Prepare the construction bidding documents in the design stage, and select the contractor through bidding after the design is completed. The owner and the contractor enter into the construction contract of the project, and the contractor generally enters into separate contracts with subcontractors and suppliers to organize the implementation of the subcontracting of the project and the procurement of equipment and materials. The owner generally appoints the owner's representative (or entrusts the supervision engineer) to be in continuous contact with the consulting engineer, designer and contractor, and is responsible for the relevant project management and coordination. (2) The characteristics of the traditional model. In the traditional mode, the contractual relationship is: owner? Supervision engineer (architect, consulting engineer), owner? Design (survey) contractor, owner? Construction contractor, owner? Direct supplier. The relationship between instructions (management and coordination) is: supervision engineer? Other parties to the contract (except the owner and subcontractor). Collaborative (parallel) relationships include: consultation, design, survey, construction and direct suppliers; Between subcontractors. The advantages of traditional engineering procurement mode are: the management method is mature and all parties are familiar with the relevant procedures; Owners can freely choose consultants and designers, and can control the design requirements; Standard contract texts familiar to all parties can be adopted, which is beneficial to contract management and risk management. Its disadvantage is that the project cycle is long, and the owner's management fee and upfront investment are high; It is easy to cause more claims when changing. This project procurement management mode is the most common in the international engineering field, and it is adopted by the loan projects of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank and the projects with FIDIC contract conditions. China's engineering community is also used to adopting this model.

2 construction project management mode

(1) organization of cm mode. Construction project management mode, referred to as CM mode, is also called stage contracting mode or fast track mode. This is a * * * project procurement management mode that is popular abroad in recent years, which is different from the so-called? Trilateral? Engineering model approximation (design, construction and partial use). This mode of project procurement is phased, and bidding can be carried out without waiting for all the design drawings to be completed. The owner, the CM manager entrusted by the owner and the architect form a joint team, which is responsible for organizing and managing the planning, design and construction of the project, but CM manager plays a coordinating role in the design management. In the overall planning, layout and design of the project, we should consider controlling the total investment of the project. After the main design scheme is determined, with the progress of design work, after the design of a part of the project is completed, the construction bidding will be organized for this part, and the owner will sign a contract with the winning contractor. (2) The characteristics of 2)CM mode. The owner signs contracts with various contractors, design units and equipment suppliers respectively. There is also a contractual relationship between the owner, CM manager and architect. The CM manager appointed by the owner has a business management and coordination relationship with various contractors such as construction, design, equipment supply, installation and transportation. There is a parallel (cooperative) relationship between contractors. Manager CM is responsible for the supervision, coordination and management of the project. In the construction stage, his main task is to supervise the cost, quality and progress, and predict and monitor the transformation of cost and progress. The biggest advantage of this model is that it can greatly shorten the cycle from planning, design to completion, save construction investment, reduce investment risks, and get benefits earlier. The disadvantage of this model is that bidding by stages may lead to higher project cost, so it is necessary to do a good job of analysis and comparison, study the number of project tenders, and select an optimal combination point. (3) Agent-based and risk-based CM models. There are two common ways to organize CM mode. 1) Agent mode, CM manager is the consultant and agent of the owner, and the service contract between the owner and CM manager adopts the method of fixed fee plus management fee (i.e. cost compensation contract), and the owner signs the construction contract with the contractor at each construction stage. 2) Risk-oriented mode, in which CM manager also plays the role of general contractor, which is called management contracting in Britain. CM companies that can carry out risk-based management usually evolve from large engineering companies in the past, and CM managers from consulting and design companies can only undertake agency CM. At present, in order to meet the requirements of the market, many engineering management companies have formed independent corporate institutions, which can carry out any form of construction project management.

3 design? Construction project procurement mode

(1) design? Organization of construction mode. Design? Construction mode is a concise management mode of project procurement, and FIDIC condition "Engineering Equipment and Design?" Construction Contract Conditions and EPC Turnkey Project Contract Conditions are both compiled based on this project procurement management mode. In this way, the owner first entrusts a professional consulting company to study and formulate the basic requirements of the proposed project. After the project principle is determined, the owner chooses the design through bidding. The construction general contractor is responsible for the design and construction of the project, and even provides full-service including project financing, land purchase, design, construction, equipment procurement, installation and commissioning until completion and handover. (2) design? Characteristics of construction mode. This procurement management mode is based on lump sum contract while bidding and signing contracts. The general construction contractor is responsible for the cost of the whole project. He first chooses a consulting design company to design the project, and then selects various subcontractors by competitive bidding. Of course, he can also use his design and construction strength to complete part of the project. In recent years, this mode is popular, mainly because the subcontracting can be carried out in stages, so the project can be put into production early; At the same time, because the design and construction can be closely overlapped, the owner can benefit from saving electricity, saving time and the contractor taking responsibility for the whole project. Design? The main advantages of the construction mode are that the project team members are selected at the initial stage of the project, with good continuity, single project responsibility and early cost guarantee; CM mode can be adopted, which can reduce management costs and reduce the impact of interest and price increase; Considering the construction factors in advance at the beginning of the project can reduce the changes caused by design errors and negligence.

4 design? Management project procurement mode

(1) design? Organization of management mode. Design? The management mode of managing the procurement of engineering projects usually refers to the contractor who designs tasks and provides construction management (supervision) services entrusted by the owner. This is similar to CM mode, but more complicated. In the usual CM mode, the owner signs contracts for design and construction process management respectively. Adopt design? When managing the contract, the owner and the engineer (architect, consultant and supervision engineer) only sign one contract, which includes both design and services similar to CM. Design? Management contractors are often a combination of design institutions and engineering consulting (engineering supervision, construction management) enterprises. (2) design? Two forms of management mode. Design? Management mode can be realized in two forms. 1) Owner and design? The management company and the general construction contractor sign a contract respectively, which is designed by? The management company is responsible for designing and managing the project implementation. 2) The owner only works with the design? The management company signs a contract, which is designed by? The management company signs contracts with individual contractors and suppliers respectively. This way can be seen as CM and design? The product of the combination of the two modes is often used by contractors or subcontractors to contract in stages to speed up the project progress.

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