In September 2114, the State Council issued "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt by Relying on Golden Waterway", which marked that the Yangtze River Economic Belt was officially positioned as a national key development strategy. The Guiding Opinions clearly put forward the strategic orientation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, namely, the inland river economic belt with global influence, the coordinated development belt of interactive cooperation between the East, China and the West, the comprehensive opening-up belt along the coast along the Yangtze River and the pioneering demonstration belt of ecological civilization construction. How to deepen the industrial division of labor and cooperation among the eastern, central and western regional plates and provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important task to implement the national Yangtze River Economic Belt strategy and promote the coordinated development and prosperity of all regional plates. As an important strategic support for the rise of the middle part of the Yangtze River Basin, Hunan, based on its comparative advantages in resources and industries, optimizes its industrial layout and promotes its industrial transformation and upgrading, which is not only the basis and prerequisite for Hunan's integration into the Yangtze River Economic Belt, but also an important guarantee for Hunan's integration into the national strategic development goal and ensuring its sustainable economic development.
1. The present situation of key industries in Hunan
1. The rapid development of key industries in Hunan
The National Economic Statistics Yearbook shows that 39 of the 41 industrial categories are distributed in Hunan, among which agricultural and sideline products processing, petrochemical industry, nonferrous metal smelting and rolling processing, construction machinery, automobile manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing and rail transit have become the leading industries in Hunan. In 2119, Hunan's total grain output was 29 million tons, and the agricultural and sideline products processing industry realized sales income of 1.2 trillion yuan. Grain, livestock and poultry, bamboo and wood entered the ranks of 111 billion industries, and the scale of leading enterprises in agricultural and sideline products processing continued to grow, with 6 leading enterprises exceeding 11 billion yuan and 48 leading enterprises in national agricultural industrialization. In 2119, the province's petrochemical industry achieved an industrial added value of 391 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 9% during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period. The total assets were 125.2 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 12%. In 2119, there were 2.7 million tons of major non-ferrous metals in Hunan, with an industrial added value of 96 billion yuan and a main business income of 381 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 11% and 15% in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. In 2119, Hunan's construction machinery industry achieved a total output value of 299.4 billion yuan, accounting for about 1/3 of the national market. It has well-known brands such as Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion and Shanhe Intelligent, and Changsha is called "the construction machinery capital of the world". In 2119, the province's automobile production and sales volume was 1.16 million, the added value of large-scale industry was 64.8 billion yuan, and the main business income was 177.5 billion yuan. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of the main business income of the automobile industry was about 17.4%, which has been firmly in the ranks of 111 billion industries. The service industry has been expanding, and the proportion of two traditional industries in the service industry, wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering, has been increasing; The tourism industry continues to grow and develop. In 2119, the tourism industry in Hunan Province received 473 million tourists, achieving a total tourism revenue of 391 billion yuan, accounting for about 1.3% of GDP.
2. Regional development presents a new pattern
Hunan has gradually formed four development regions: Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, Dongting Lake, southern Hunan and western Hunan, and the economic development level of the whole province has been comprehensively improved. In 2119, the GDP of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 1.75 trillion yuan, accounting for 43% of the province's GDP. The region is striving to become an important national advanced manufacturing center, a high-tech industrial base and a modern service center in the central region with international competitiveness, and its core growth pole has been significantly enhanced. In 2119, the GDP of Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone was 921 billion yuan, accounting for 23.8% of the province's total. Four major industrial clusters, such as petrochemical industry, shipbuilding, agricultural and sideline food processing, and textile industry, were focused on. The construction of Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone was fully rolled out, and major projects such as water ecological restoration were accelerated. In 2119, the total output value of southern Hunan was 781 billion yuan, accounting for 1.9.5% of the province's total. The region actively integrated into the Pearl River Delta, and accelerated its construction as an important platform for industrial undertaking in the central region, an experimental zone for open cooperation between Hunan and Guangdong, and a base for deep processing of non-ferrous metals. At present, the demonstration effect of southern Hunan undertaking industrial transfer in the Pearl River Delta has accelerated. In 2119, the GDP of western Hunan was 679 billion yuan, accounting for 18.2% of the whole province. While the ecological environment was fully protected, the infrastructure was comprehensively improved, the characteristic economy developed rapidly, and the poverty alleviation and development achieved remarkable results.
3. Initial formation of industrial clusters
Hunan Province has taken the cultivation of industrial clusters as an important strategy to promote the economic development of Hunan Province. Thirty-seven industrial clusters, including construction machinery industry cluster, automobile industry cluster, petrochemical industry cluster, electronic information industry cluster and biomedical industry cluster, have begun to take shape, with the number of enterprises reaching 8811, and the income from the main business completed is 1.4662 billion yuan. From the regional distribution of industrial clusters, Hunan industrial clusters are mainly concentrated in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, and radiate around Dongting Lake area, central and southern Hunan and western Hunan. Industrial parks have become an important carrier of industrial clusters. By the end of 2119, there were 179 industrial parks in * * * of the province, including 19 national industrial parks. The total income of technology, industry and trade in industrial parks in the province reached 5.5 trillion yuan, and the added value of industrial parks accounted for about 61% of the province's total. Industrial parks have gradually become economic development-driven areas, urban comprehensive functional new areas, opening-up pilot areas and modern industrial development clusters.
the "golden waterway" is in Yueyang. Photo/netizen "Take a photo all the way"
Second, the problems existing in the industrial layout of Hunan's integration into the Yangtze River Economic Belt
1. The industrial spatial layout is uncoordinated
The comprehensive strength gap between Hunan's regions is obvious. First of all, Changsha is far superior to other cities in terms of economic aggregate, economic density and comprehensive strength, and can be used as the core city of Hunan to drive the development of the whole region; Secondly, Yueyang City, Zhuzhou City, Xiangtan City, Changde City, Hengyang City, Shaoyang City and Huaihua City, as regional central cities in Hunan Province, have a certain degree of mismatch between industrial layout and resource endowment, and the cities have weak industrial radiation ability to surrounding areas. As the bridgehead of Hunan's integration into the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Yueyang City faces some problems, such as unreasonable industrial structure, unclear advantages of leading industries, limited industrial radiation, weak ability to undertake industrial transfer in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, poor development of export-oriented economy, and lagging development of industries along the Yangtze River.
2. Incomplete industrial chain
Hunan has initially formed superior industrial chains such as high-end equipment manufacturing, nonferrous metal smelting and calendering, petrochemical industry, electronic information, etc., while industrial chains such as construction machinery, rail transit and new materials are relatively complete, while industries such as automobiles and spare parts, nonferrous metal industrial chain, electronic information, 3D printing, robots and new energy equipment have weak driving ability, unreasonable distribution of supporting enterprises, lack of key technologies and incomplete industrial chains. In the petrochemical industry chain, propylene, C4 and aromatics are the leading products in basic chemicals, but ethylene products are lacking, and synthetic chemicals are short of organic oxygen raw materials, medical chemicals, cosmetics, engineering plastics and other products; In the electronic information industry chain, there are only over 11 billion leading enterprises in the province, such as Lansi Technology, Hengyang Foxconn Group, Interface Optoelectronics, Zhongguang Communication, Kivu Mobile Phone, etc. The products are mainly electronic components, and there are no downstream terminal products such as integrated circuits, flat panel displays, applied electronics, solar photovoltaic, software manufacturing and services, digital audio-visual products and communication equipment. There is a low concentration of resource exploitation in the industrial chain of nonferrous metal smelting and calendering, and the main products of lead, zinc and tungsten can only be supplied by 21-31% in the province. Besides the advanced processing technology of cemented carbide, the processing technology of lead, zinc, antimony and bismuth is weak.
Third, Hunan's integration into the Yangtze River Economic Belt to optimize Hunan's industrial layout
According to the industrial layout characteristics of the national Yangtze River Economic Belt and Hunan's resource endowment, adhere to ecological priority, green development, highlight the linkage between rivers and lakes, land and water cooperation, rely on innovation and opening up to gather production factors, optimize the industrial layout of "one core, one area, one belt and four lines", cultivate new impetus for industrial development, and create new advantages for industrial development. Create a new growth point of industrial development, strive to form an industrial pattern with channel support, industrial agglomeration, distinctive characteristics and complementary advantages, and build Hunan into an important industrial agglomeration base in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
1. Optimize the industrial spatial layout of "one core, one district, one belt and four lines"
The core growth pole of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. Relying on national platforms such as Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan "two-oriented" experimental zone, national Xiangjiang New District and national independent innovation demonstration zone, we will strengthen the green heart protection of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan and the comprehensive management of Xiangjiang River, promote the integration of infrastructure, industrial system, environmental protection and cooperation mechanism, build a national advanced manufacturing base and a regional center of modern service industry, and build a core growth pole of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
Dongting lake eco-economic zone. Comprehensively manage the water environment of Dongting Lake, strengthen the protection of wetlands, aquatic animals and plants and the resources along the Yangtze River, promote the industrial cooperation among Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang, give full play to the gateway function of Yueyang Tongjiang to the sea, accelerate the economic development near the port, and comprehensively build a national demonstration zone for ecological and economic development.
Changchun-Yueyang industrial linkage development undertaking belt. Changsha and Yueyang are connected geographically and economically. They are the main areas of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone and the economic, scientific, educational and cultural centers of the whole province, and have a good foundation for accelerating development and integrated development. Accelerating the coordinated development of Yueyang industry in Changsha and planning the construction of Changyue Economic Belt are strategic measures for our province to implement the strategy of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, coordinate the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and promote the rise of the central region under the new situation.
Beijing-Guangzhou, Shanghai-Kunming, Jill Zhang Huaihe Changyi-Chang high-speed rail economic belt. While building an ecological barrier of one lake, three mountains and four waters, we will build a high-Guangzhou high-speed rail economic belt with important node cities along the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed rail as nodes; Building the Shanghai-Kunming high-speed rail economic belt with Lou-Shao as the fulcrum and Xiangzhong Economic Corridor as the hinterland; Focus on building Zhangjiajie international tourism destination, and build Zhang Jihuai's fine eco-cultural tourism economic belt; Building Changyi-Changzhou High-speed Railway Economic Belt for the purpose of connecting the Silk Road.
2. Extending the industrial chain of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan
Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is the core growth pole leading Hunan's economic development, focusing on supporting the optimal layout of leading industries in Hunan, such as Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan construction machinery, rail transit, electronic information, intelligent manufacturing, nonferrous metals and cultural tourism, extending and expanding the industrial chain, cultivating and guiding enterprises to gather for supporting development, implementing the strategy of innovation and opening up, seizing the commanding heights of a new round of industrial revolution, and building a number of landmark world-class industrial clusters.
around the "strong chain" of existing advantageous industries such as construction machinery and rail transit, strengthen joint research and development of industrial core technologies, vigorously develop supporting industries, expand the production bases of supporting parts in Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Liuyang, Ningxiang, Xiangyin and Miluo, realize the coordinated development of supporting enterprises and host enterprises, and build a landmark industrial cluster in Hunan.
around the "chain building" of electronic information, intelligent manufacturing, high-end service industry and biomedicine, we will cultivate and introduce leading enterprises and key enterprises in industrial parks such as Changsha, Hengyang, Xiangtan, Liuyang and Xiangyin, and further establish and improve relevant industrial chains.
around the "chain-mending" of iron and steel nonferrous metals, automobile and spare parts manufacturing, new energy and agricultural products processing, we are looking for high added value and key links that are missing in the industrial chain. Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, Yueyang, Hengyang, Liuyang, Ningxiang, Xiangyin and Miluo and other industrial parks attract investment through industrial chains or transform and upgrade existing industries, leading related industries to extend to both ends of the smile curve, and supplementing related industrial chains from the perspective of value chain.
3. Planning and Construction of Changyue Economic Belt
The core area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan is mainly distributed with advanced manufacturing industries such as machinery, electronics, medicine, new materials and new energy, as well as high-tech industries, Internet of Things economy, cultural industries and service industries. The headquarters+production base is separated, and Changsha is a concentrated area of administration, science, education, finance, service, commerce and residence, population and enterprise headquarters, which will divide some enterprise production bases and general manufacturing industries to the north.
Yueyang is the bridgehead of Hunan's integration into the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the leader of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone and the national regional central city defined by the National Development and Reform Commission. Accelerate the integration of "1+4+2" urban groups in Yueyang and build Yueyang metropolitan area with a population of 2 million in an all-round way. According to the industrial layout of Changsha-Wuhan city circle and the principles of dislocation, replacement and undertaking, the development orientation of traditional leading industries and emerging industries in Yueyang is clarified. Integrate and guide the province's petrochemical, electric energy, paper making, agricultural and sideline food processing, shipping logistics, steel and automobile and other water-consuming industries and their supporting industries to gather in the development zone along the Yangtze River, rely on scientific and technological innovation to transform and upgrade petrochemical, electric energy, paper making, agricultural and sideline products processing industries, and enhance the competitiveness of Yueyang traditional industries; Optimize the development environment, and improve the attraction to the resources of talents, funds, materials and other factors in Changsha Wuhan metropolitan area.
Some towns and villages in Xiangyin, Miluo and Changsha counties of Yueyang City are the joint development zones of Yuechang, which connect Yueyang City and Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan areas in series. Focus on delimiting the cross-city area in the junction of Yueyang and Changsha (or the pioneer area of Yueyang's coordinated economic development in Changsha), expanding the undertaking functions of Xiangyin and Miluo industries, laying out and undertaking the transfer of labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industries such as advanced manufacturing industries in Changsha, agricultural and sideline products processing, light industry textiles, biomedicine and non-metallic mineral products processing, and building the Yuechang linkage development undertaking belt into a new base for Changsha-Yueyang industrial opening and cooperation, and forming it with Yueyang's industrial development belt along the Yangtze River.
4. Open a new channel for the northward development of Hunan's economy
Actively dock the Comprehensive Three-dimensional Traffic Corridor Planning of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (2114-2121), strive for the support of national policies and funds, and open a new channel for the northward development of Hunan's economy.
first, comprehensively accelerate the expansion and upgrading of shipping. Strengthen waterway regulation, improve waterway grade, and build a high-grade inland waterway network with "one vertical and five horizontal" waterway as the backbone, relying on the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake as the center. At the same time, it is considered to open the land and water passage from Changde to the north of the Yangtze River, improve the interconnection between Dongting Lake Plain in Hunan and Jianghan Plain in Hubei, and promote the close integration of Hunan and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
the second is to strengthen the seamless connection of various modes of transportation. The concept and requirements of comprehensive transportation should be carried through all aspects of planning, design, construction and operation of transportation nodes such as Changsha and Yueyang, and the construction of S211 reconstruction and upgrading project and Yueyang Sanhe Airport should be accelerated, so as to build an integrated transportation hub with efficient connection of various modes of transportation, inter-city transportation and urban transportation, and realize "zero transfer and seamless connection".
the third is to strengthen the construction of collection and distribution system. Focusing on Chenglingji Port and Xiangjiang Changsha Comprehensive Hub, we will speed up the construction of connecting lines between railways, high-grade highways and port areas, strengthen the functions of collection and distribution services, improve the capacity and efficiency of cargo transfer, promote the channel construction between ports and development zones and logistics parks along the Yangtze River, and expand the radiation scope of port transportation services.
the fourth is to optimize and integrate the allocation of port resources. Relying on Hunan Chenglingji International Port Group, we will integrate ports such as Changsha, Yueyang, Changde, Yiyang and Yuanjiang to realize joint operation and cluster management of terminals and ports along the lake and river.
5. Build Hunan.