Malls, markets, fire safety "four capabilities" construction guidebook Introduction Malls, markets refer to a variety of places and spaces for people's daily shopping behavior to provide commercial activities, including sales of a variety of species, multi-color varieties (mainly industrial products), department stores; shopping malls selling civilian goods; the sale of vegetables, meat, poultry, eggs, aquatic products and food markets; open to customers to directly select the goods and pay for the price (super). Department stores; sales of civilian commodities shopping malls; sales of vegetables, meat, eggs, aquatic products and food markets; open to customers, you can directly select the goods, according to the price of payment (supermarket) business premises; concentration of a variety of stores, booths together, but also with the co-existence of department store business halls or catering, repair and other services associated with the shopping malls.

Shopping malls, markets are public gathering places, with a dense, mobile, complex space composition, electrical equipment, combustibles, fire load and other fire hazards, the slightest negligence in fire safety management may be a fire, is very likely to cause major casualties, so do a good job of fire prevention and control of such places is of great significance. This manual in accordance with the Ministry of Public Security in the national implementation of the construction of social fire safety "firewall" project to improve the fire safety of social units "four capabilities" construction goals, combined with the characteristics of Chaozhou City, shopping malls, market industry, the "Four capabilities" construction content for the introduction and standardization of unity, a brief introduction to the shopping malls, markets, fire prevention, firefighting, self-rescue escape and other aspects of some of the basic knowledge and skills for social units to carry out fire safety "four capabilities" construction use and reference.

Note: Fire safety "four capabilities" refers to: the ability to check the elimination of fire hazards, the ability to organize the fight against incipient fires, the ability to organize the evacuation of people, the ability to fire publicity, education and training. 1. check to eliminate fire hazards, the ability to effectively do "fire safety self-check, fire hazards since the removal"; 2. organization to fight the incipient fire ability, the ability to effectively do "fire found early, small fires can be extinguished"; 3. organization of the evacuation of people, the ability to effectively do "can escape from the fire to save themselves, will guide the evacuation"; 4. fire publicity, education and training capacity, to effectively achieve "fire facilities marking, fire general knowledge popularization".

The first shopping malls, markets, fire safety, "four capabilities" construction work application a check to eliminate fire hazards ability shopping malls, markets should be organized at least once a month to fire inspection, within the department, the team should carry out a weekly fire inspection; units of fire security personnel should be fire inspection every day, during the business period of the fire inspection at least once every two hours. Fire prevention inspections should be conducted at least once every two hours during business hours. Meal kitchen area and cooked food processing area at the end of business, the business site should be inspected, timely detection and elimination of fire hazards.

Fire inspection, inspection focus on: 1, shopping malls, markets, evacuation routes, safety exits and fire truck access is smooth, fire spacing is not occupied; normally closed fire doors are kept closed, door closers, sequencers are kept intact; fire shutters under the pile of goods; doors and windows are set up to affect the escape and fire extinguishing and rescue of the obstacles; the market area between the region; whether to maintain the appropriate safety evacuation routes; market areas and regions; the fire safety of the market area between the fire escape routes. Whether to maintain the corresponding safety evacuation routes; stairs, safety exits and evacuation routes are set up on the stalls or stacking of goods; outdoor markets are set up within 5 meters on both sides of the high-voltage lines; whether there are other fire safety violations affecting the evacuation routes and the use of fire safety facilities; 2, shopping malls, markets, safety evacuation signs, fire emergency lighting set up correctly, conspicuously, intact and good use; 3, Whether the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan of the shopping mall is formulated and employees are organized to conduct drills; whether the employees master the basic knowledge of fire prevention, fire extinguishing and evacuation; 4. Whether the personnel of the fire control room or duty room of the shopping mall or market are on duty; whether the personnel of the fire control room are licensed after training; whether the personnel of the fire control room adhere to the 24-hour duty, and there are not less than two people in each shift. Fire control equipment operation is normal, connected to the fire control room of all kinds of alarm facilities and communication equipment is smooth and useful; duty records are complete, fill in whether the real; 5, fire water is sufficient; indoor and outdoor fire hydrants, pumps, water pumps, whether there is no damage, buried pressure, blocking, circling, etc. to affect the use of the situation; 6, fire fighting equipment is equipped with sufficient and complete and useful; all kinds of fire-fighting agents, Materials, oil, etc. are available sufficient; 7, whether the market storage, operation of flammable and explosive substances; 8, whether the market is required to establish and improve the volunteer fire department and equipped with specialized, *** fire prevention personnel; stall operators have received fire safety education and training.

9, a variety of electrical wiring, equipment is in line with fire safety requirements, there is no unauthorized use; whether the business lighting electricity and power, fire power set up separately; electrical wiring and electrical equipment by the official electrician to install, check and maintain; whether without the approval of the competent authorities of the market, unauthorized welding or cutting; whether indiscriminate connection of wires or overloaded with electricity; 10, water pump room, Distribution room, fan room, elevator machine room and other fire safety key parts of the safety management measures are implemented; 11, whether the market stalls, yard smoking and the use of open flames; without the approval of the competent authorities, without the effective implementation of feasible fire safety measures, the use of flammable and explosive liquids, gases, stoves and fires in the market; 12, shopping malls, such as turnover warehouses and other warehousing areas of storage materials are placed above the indoor ground level of 10cm above the footboard or the floor. 10cm above the footplate or shelves; all lamps are retrofitted with explosion-proof lampshade; storage and roof fire equipment and facilities distance of not less than 0.5 meters, and whether the lamp distance of not less than 1 meter, whether to set up no-smoking and other fire warning signs. 13, shopping malls in the store there is no smoking or left behind the phenomenon of fire; customers with flammable and explosive hazardous substances; 14, shopping malls in the kitchen area and cooked food processing area of the fuel, gas pipeline valves are not broken, leakage; cooker, fume hoods and flue cleaning in a timely manner; the end of the business, the source of ignition, the power supply is cut off, whether or not there is no phenomenon left behind the fire.

The fire hazards found during the inspection should be corrected immediately; if they cannot be corrected immediately, the "Fire Hazard Rectification Registration Form" should be filled out and reported to the supervisor in a timely manner, and the fire safety administrator or the department responsible for fire safety should organize the identification of the reported fire hazards. Fire safety work under the management of the person in charge of the functional departments of the "fire hazards rectification of the problems in the registration form" should be put forward one by one to rectify the views and preventive measures.

The unit responsible for fire safety or the administrator should be implemented to rectify the responsible department, responsible person, rectification period and the required funding. Second, the organization's ability to fight the incipient fire malls, markets flammable combustibles, fire spread quickly.

Therefore.

2. Commercial stores more than a few square meters must apply for fire safety inspection certificate

Fire law does not specify how many square meters to do fire certificate.

Article 15 of the Fire Services Law, the public gathering places in use, before the business, the construction unit or the use of the unit shall be to the place where the local people above the county level *** public security organs of the fire agencies to apply for fire safety inspection.

The public security organs shall accept the application within ten working days from the date of the fire agency, according to the fire safety technical standards and management regulations, the premises for fire safety inspection. Without fire safety inspection or inspection does not meet the fire safety requirements, shall not be put into use, business.

Article 73 The meaning of the following terms of this Law:

Public gathering places, refers to hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, markets, passenger station waiting room, passenger terminal waiting room, civil airport terminals, sports venues, halls, and public **** entertainment venues.

"Construction Permit Management Measures" Article 2, paragraph 2, provides that: project investment of less than 300,000 yuan or construction area of less than 300 square meters of construction works, you can not apply for a construction permit. Construction (building) works include: the construction of various types of housing buildings and their ancillary facilities, renovation and decoration and its supporting lines, pipelines, equipment installation, as well as the construction of urban municipal infrastructure projects.

Extended information

The contents of the fire inspection

I. Fire safety management, including fire safety system, staff fire safety education and training, fire prevention inspections, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans, fire drills and so on.

Second, the building fire, including fire truck channels, evacuation channels, safety exits, fire doors, evacuation indicator lights, emergency lighting and so on.

Third, fire protection facilities, including indoor fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, building fire protection facilities.

Application materials for fire safety inspection certificate:

First, fire safety inspection declaration form;

Second, a copy of business license or business name pre-approval notification issued by the industrial and commercial administrative organs;

Third, obtained in accordance with the law of the construction of fire acceptance or the record of copies of legal documents;

Fourth, fire safety System, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan;

With other units *** with the use of the same building of the public gathering places, should also be submitted to the other units signed between the fire safety management agreement copy.

V. Staff pre-service fire safety education and training records and automatic fire system operators to obtain a copy of the fire industry-specific occupational qualification certificate;

VI. Other materials that should be declared in accordance with the law.

Reference source Sogou Wikipedia - the Chinese People's **** and the State Fire Law

Reference source Sogou Wikipedia - Building Construction Permit Management Measures

3. How to strengthen the fire safety management of the individual store

With the accelerated pace of economic development, the individual economy, such as the rapid development of bamboo shoots.

Individual stores, restaurants, repair stores, entertainment venues, spread in every corner of people's lives. Individual stores exist in a long line, more points, a wide range of distribution of scattered characteristics, individual practitioners generally have a weak sense of fire safety, focusing on immediate benefits, ignoring the fire prevention awareness, resulting in leaving a lot of fire hazards.

This type of place once the fire, no fire emergency measures, helpless, will bring a serious threat to people's lives and property safety. First, the fire danger of individual stores: (a) the building fire safety conditions are poor Individual stores are small, more in the original residential transformation, some are in disrepair for many years in the three tiers of building structures, some stores live in the civil building, more in the residential area, once the fire store will be affected by the four neighbors.

The electrical wiring is haphazardly pulled, line aging, and most stores only have an exit, most of the doors and windows are burglar-proof doors, security windows, in case of fire, evacuation is difficult, the consequences are unimaginable. (B) large electricity consumption, open fire point more individual stores due to poor building conditions, a large number of winter use of stoves, electric stoves for heating.

Installation of a large number of lighting, decorative lamps and lanterns, stores use electric rice cookers, electric hot pots, electric barbecue, welding, electric iron, electric iron, electric stove and other facilities, increased electricity consumption, and a considerable portion of the store without authorization, private wiring, and even unauthorized use of electricity, such as electrical wiring for a long time or long-term overloading of the load, or fire, electricity, a little carelessness, it is very easy to cause a fire, resulting in unsafe fire hazards. (C) flammable, combustible materials Most individual stores due to small business space, goods concentration, "store with the library", "store is not divided" phenomenon prevails, and even more, some stores are still operating personnel living space, the formation of a point type of "two-in-one, three-in-one". "Two in one, three in one" place, and most of the items are combustible, there are some such as mousse, curry water, nail polish, aerosol insecticides, alcohol and other organic solvents, as well as butane gas, matches, celluloid products, etc., all belong to the flammable and explosive hazardous materials.

(D) the complexity of personnel, operators of poor fire safety awareness Individual store business hours are more flexible, the flow of people are always more, the phenomenon of inadvertently left behind the phenomenon of fire, such as owners do not pay attention to the check, clean up, it is easy to cause a fire. Some individual owners, including the recruitment of salespersons, from all aspects of society, there are rural surplus personnel, there are social idle, unemployed, but also have left, retired, elderly and disabled people.

Most of these people have a weak sense of fire prevention, unfamiliar with fire regulations, lack of fire prevention knowledge, poor fire skills, serious paralysis and carelessness, the slightest carelessness, very easy to cause a fire. Second, a few measures should be taken: (a) give full play to the public security police stations, streets, neighborhood committees to monitor the role.

The public security police station should be strengthened from the jurisdiction of the resident, temporary population management, to find out the basic situation of practitioners, the necessary education, training, improve fire safety awareness, the timely elimination of insecurity for the residents to create a good fire safety environment; the relative concentration of individual stores in the streets of the office, the neighborhood committee, should be established, a special, *** fire prevention cadres responsible for the establishment of fire prevention work in the area. For street offices and neighborhood committees with a relatively high concentration of individual shops, they should establish a specialized fire prevention cadre to be responsible for fire prevention work within the jurisdiction; and set up amateur fire supervisors to promptly check and feedback on fire hazards and insecurity factors in individual stores, and assist the fire department in fire prevention management. (B) to strengthen the fire propaganda, improve the quality of practitioners.

Full public security police stations, streets, the role of neighborhood committees, increase fire safety education and management mechanisms, combined with the "five into the publicity", "119" fire publicity activities, in-depth publicity, education; according to the different nature of the individual merchants, organizing different types of training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses, training courses and training courses. According to the different nature of individual businessmen, organizing different types of training courses, fire safety knowledge lectures, improve the legal concept of individual businessmen and fire safety awareness; the implementation of fire safety responsibility system, the establishment of individual business owners as the person in charge of fire prevention, responsible for the store's fire safety management. Conditions, but also in the individual outlets in the dense area of the establishment of individual practitioners to participate in the voluntary fire department, fire business training, and timely fight the initial fire.

(C) supervision and inspection according to law, to eliminate fire hazards. Fire departments at all levels and police stations, take various forms, according to law, the implementation of the individual store fire supervision and inspection, and actively supervise the rectification of fire hazards, and promote individual businessmen to improve the fire safety conditions of their business premises.

Individual stores should be approved rated electricity consumption, overload does not meet the electricity management regulations, firmly ordered on the spot or deadline to be corrected, and to assist the relevant law enforcement agencies to limit the amount of their goods; for "store library is not divided", "store home is not divided" For the "store not separate", "shop not separate", should be the focus of proper guidance to solve; for the building of large-scale, fire risk is relatively large stores, should be required to configure fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, fire pass, fire sand, fire blankets and other necessary fire facilities and equipment. (D) to investigate and deal with irregularities and violations.

Some individual practitioners of fire safety awareness is weak, that is their own stuff anyway, nothing to do with others, paralysis, careless business, store memory has a lot of fire hazards. The fire department should be based on the characteristics of individual stores, seize the typical, resolutely investigated and dealt with according to law, the stop, the closure of the shutdown; due to violations, violations caused by fire accidents, the fire department to do the cause of the fire is clear, properly dealt with, the responsibility for the serious consequences of the accidents, the responsibility of the parties to be investigated according to law.

4. What are the fire safety inspection of stores

The inspection process, focusing on the stores inside the evacuation channel, evacuation stairs, safety exit is kept free, evacuation signs, fire-fighting equipment and facilities equipped with whether the standard requirements, whether to maintain intact and effective, whether there are violations of the use of fire, electricity, gas, food and beverage facilities, such as hidden security problems carried out by one by one Detailed inspection. The inspection process found in the various types of problems, requiring businesses to implement corrective action one by one, at the source to cut off fire and safety hazards.

(a), prohibit the occupation of fire escapes

According to the "Chinese People's *** and the State Fire Services Law" stipulates that, in violation of the provisions of this law, one of the following behaviors, ordered to make corrections, and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan 50,000 yuan or less: 1, the configuration of fire service installations, equipment, or fire safety signage, set up does not meet the national standards, industry standards, or not kept intact and effective; 2, Damage, misappropriation or unauthorized removal, deactivation of fire facilities and equipment.

(b) stores need to flue regular cleaning

5. small area of the store to declare their own fire how to operate, thank you

Article VIII of the public gathering places in use, before business, the construction unit or the use of the unit shall be to the place where the people above the county level *** public security organs of the fire fighting agencies to apply for a fire safety inspection, and submit the following materials:

(a) fire safety inspection declaration form;

(b) a copy of the business license or industrial and commercial administrative organs issued by the business name pre-approval notice;

(c) obtained in accordance with the law of the construction project fire acceptance or for the completion of the acceptance of the fire record of the legal documents;

(d) the fire safety system, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan, Place layout plan;

(E) staff pre-service fire safety education and training records and automatic fire system operators to obtain a copy of the fire industry-specific types of vocational qualification certificates;

(F) laws and administrative regulations provide for other materials.

In accordance with the "supervision and management of construction fire regulations" do not need to carry out the completion of the fire acceptance of the public gathering places to apply for fire safety inspection, but also should be submitted to the place of indoor decoration of fire design and construction drawings, fire product quality certification documents, as well as renovation materials fire performance in line with fire safety technical standards of the documents, factory certificates.

The public security organs of the fire safety inspection of fire safety agencies should be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the administrative licensing acceptance.

6. Residential change business network small workshop under the documents, the police said the fire did not pass, but the small workshop does not need fire

No, except for rural self-built homes and the provisions of the

Article 2 The provisions of this regulation applies to the new construction, expansion, alteration (including indoor and outdoor renovation, building thermal insulation, change of use), and other construction projects, such as the supervision and management of fire protection.

These provisions do not apply to residential interior decoration, villagers to build their own homes, disaster relief and other non-personnel-intensive places of temporary construction activities.

Other need to fire qualified, issued a fire certificate before you can open, this area of less than 300 square meters, is the local police station is responsible for, in accordance with the requirements of the rectification to qualified, in the application for inspection, and so on the issuance of a certificate of conformity before opening, otherwise

Article 58 Violation of the provisions of this Law, there are one of the following acts, and shall be ordered to stop the construction, stop the use of, or cease production and cease operations, and shall impose a fine of Thirty thousand yuan or more than three hundred thousand yuan fine:

(a) according to law should be carried out by the public security organs of the fire protection agency for fire design audit of the construction works, unauthorized construction without review or review failed according to law;

(b) fire design by the public security organs of the fire protection agency failed to pass the sampling test according to law, do not stop the construction;

(c) according to law should be carried out for the fire acceptance of the Construction works, without fire inspection or fire inspection failed, put into use without authorization;

(D) construction works put into use by the public security organs of the fire agency failed to stop the use of fire according to law;

(E) the public gathering places without fire safety inspection or inspection does not meet the requirements of fire safety, unauthorized use, business.

The construction unit is not in accordance with the provisions of this Law will be fire design documents reported to the public security organs for the record, or after the completion of the public security organs not in accordance with the provisions of this Law for the record, and ordered to make corrections within a specified period of time, and impose a fine of five thousand yuan.

7. According to the provisions of the small workshop must be equipped with fire hydrants

Small workshops are not necessarily equipped with fire hydrants. Fire hydrant settings are based on the use of the nature and use of the area to determine the general less combustible, the area of 200 square meters or less of a single nature does not need to set up a fire hydrant, generally need to set up fire extinguishers and emergency lighting can be more than 200 square meters or business and warehouse in one of the need.

Units in violation of the provisions of this law, one of the following acts, ordered to correct, and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan 50,000 yuan:

(a) fire protection facilities, equipment or fire safety signs configuration, set up does not comply with national standards, industry standards, or not keep intact and effective;

(b) damage, misappropriation, or unauthorized demolition, deactivation of fire protection facilities, equipment (C) occupying, blocking, closing evacuation routes, safety exits or other obstacles to safe evacuation behavior;

(D) burying, encircling, covering the fire hydrant or occupying the fire spacing;

(E) occupying, blocking, closing the fire truck channel, impeding the passage of fire engines;

(F) densely populated places set up in the doors and windows affecting escape and fire extinguishing and rescue. (F) densely populated places on the doors and windows of the obstacles affecting the escape and rescue of fire fighting;

(VII) of fire hazards by the public security organs of the fire fighting agencies not to take timely measures to eliminate.

Individuals who have the second, third, fourth and fifth of the preceding paragraph one of the behavior, a warning or a fine of less than five hundred yuan.