Squirrel-cage potato cleaning machine, automatic feed potato cleaning machine, crusher, separator, fine filter, desander, cyclone station, dehydrator, dryer, blender, and vermicelli machine.
Raw material analysis:
1, sweet potato is a stable food crop, with high yield, easy planting, good management, strong adaptability, cold tolerance, barren tolerance, acid resistance, wide adaptability to climate and soil conditions, and can be planted in paddy fields, dry land and sloping fields, and considerable yield can be obtained. The average yield of sweet potato per mu is 3000 Jin, and the highest is 5000 Jin. Analysis: (Yield is also closely related to soil, regional climate and variety)
Sweet potato contains a lot of fiber, potassium and vitamin B6, which can not only prevent aging and arteriosclerosis, but also effectively prevent tumors and cancers. Nutritionists call it "the most balanced green life-prolonging food". After deep processing into vermicelli, vermicelli and vermicelli, it is convenient to eat and more nutritious. It sells well at home and abroad and is deeply loved by consumers. At present, the deep processing products of sweet potato have great development space in the market, so the establishment of sweet potato starch series products processing factory has broad market prospects. At present, refined sweet potato vermicelli on the market has been sold to 10 yuan, with a price of 20 yuan per kilogram. Analysis: (according to the sales volume and product quality of each manufacturer)
The main use of sweet potato: mainly used as feed for raising livestock, followed by deep processing into powder products for human consumption, which failed to be deeply processed and utilized. The development of sweet potato starch and vermicelli has the advantages of simple processing technology, short production cycle, wide sources of raw materials and low cost. At present, the market price of sweet potato is 0.5 yuan/kg, so investing in sweet potato starch project has considerable economic and social benefits.
Analysis: (The price of sweet potato is limited by region and season. Processing: The price of sweet potato in harvest season is about 0.36-0.5 yuan/kg. Storage: Generally, farmers will store some sweet potatoes as feed and some as food in the cellar. After years of storage, the price of sweet potato increased to 1.2- 1.6 yuan/kg, but few of them were preserved. At this time, sweet potatoes can no longer be processed, and starch has been saccharified)
For many years, sweet potato has been mainly used as pig feed, but the starch in sweet potato has not been utilized. It is of great practical significance to introduce a series of sweet potato starch products for deep processing, promote the industrial production of sweet potato, popularize and apply new varieties and cultivation techniques with high quality and high yield, and ensure the increase of agricultural income, farmers' income and rural stability.
Sweet potato is a good raw material for modern agricultural products processing enterprises because of its high nutritional value and wide use. Developing sweet potato production plays an important role in promoting rural economic development. Sweet potato is a food and feed crop with rich nutritional value, such as protein, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins. The minerals necessary for human body, such as calcium, iron and phosphorus, are equivalent to rice and flour. Sweet potato stems, leaves and fresh potato pieces are feed with high nutritional value, which is necessary for developing pig industry in rural areas. The root of sweet potato can be used to make starch, and the starch of sweet potato can be 10- 13 kg per 50 kg.
Generally, 4-5 kg of fresh potatoes can be processed into 1 kg of starch, and 100 kg of dry starch can be processed into high-quality vermicelli, which is about 1 10 kg.
Analysis: (The extraction amount of starch depends on the variety, soil and climate of sweet potato, generally about 4-5 kg of sweet potato and starch 1 kg. A kilo of starch is about 1. 1 kilo of flour products. Noodles, vermicelli and vermicelli. Which contains a portion of moisture)
The establishment of sweet potato starch processing enterprises can promote the rapid development of sweet potato industry, improve farmers' enthusiasm for planting sweet potatoes and increase farmers' income. Driven by the enterprise, the production mode of "company+base+farmer" has been formed, which ensures that the sweet potatoes produced by farmers can be sold and have income, and also ensures that the enterprise has a feasible raw material base. It has promoted the development of local rural economy.
2. Equipment analysis:
Main equipment:
Squirrel-cage potato cleaning machine, automatic feed potato cleaning machine, crusher, separator, fine filter, desander, cyclone station, dehydrator, dryer, blender, and vermicelli machine.
Process introduction:
1. Potato starch processing: cleaning-crushing-separation-desanding-refining-concentration-dehydration-drying-finished product packaging.
Analysis: (This process is often used to process cassava and potato starch. There are few options for sweet potato processing. Reason: Cassava and potato starch are widely used in food, industry and medicine, and these industries require high purity of starch. Generally speaking, sweet potato processing is basically used to process powder products such as vermicelli, vermicelli, bean jelly, etc., and food-grade starch is used for processing. )
2. Deep processing of potato: cleaning-crushing-separation-sand removal-refining-powder leakage (vermicelli)-drying (drying)-packaging of finished products.
Analysis: (This process is used for deep processing of potato and sweet potato starch. Sweet potato processing suggests that this equipment is also a technology with less investment, quick effect, high profit and wide application. Small enterprises should: wet store the starch after sweet potato processing, and use wet stored starch as raw material for vermicelli processing all the year round [wet starch is best used for vermicelli processing]. Large enterprises should: [It is recommended to choose dehydrator and dryer] After the sweet potato season, the starch used for vermicelli should be deeply processed for wet storage, and the excess starch should be dehydrated and dried for sale [if there is less starch, it can be replaced and dried]. Processing sweet potatoes in cyclone station is not recommended here. Its function and effect are: the processing automation of sweet potato starch is good, and no precipitation is needed. The water in the starch slurry is separated from protein (usually called oil). Although the whiteness and purity of starch have been improved. But it is a big mistake for the processing of fans. The power consumption is twice that of the whole process, and the cost is much higher. )
3. Home-style processing: cleaning, grinding and separation, powder leakage (vermicelli), drying and finished product warehousing.
Analysis: Sweet potato has a history of more than 400 years in our national football team, but its fans have a history of more than 1000 years, and the fan products are deeply loved by Chinese people. In the 1970s and 1980s, it was a luxury dream for ordinary people to drink a bowl of noodle soup at a rally. Only during the Spring Festival do rural families stew meat with vermicelli from relatives' "gifts". Family-style equipment is specially designed for rural users. The processing capacity of sweet potato is about one ton per hour, including potato washer, pulp separator and noodle maker. The investment of the whole set of equipment is about 7-8 thousand yuan. Now it has developed to the sixth generation of products. As each villager plants land for processing or buys sweet potatoes for processing, pure sweet potato vermicelli will be produced to nearby towns and villages. For small family processing, there is no need to worry about the sales of vermicelli and vermicelli. For the rural market, it belongs to a village or several nearby towns. It is estimated that when you meet familiar faces, your processing will spread everywhere to ensure the purity of your powder. The market will be long and open. 1 1 After that, it is not a problem to make a profit of 20,000 to 30,000 from June to the end of the year. The key is to be solid, willing to work, and not afraid of hardships.
Principles of process application:
1, the basic principle of cleaning
Mainly to remove the sediment from the outer cortex of sweet potato and wash off the epidermis of sweet potato root. Fresh sweet potato or potato is the raw material for producing starch and the basis for ensuring the quality of starch. The cleaner the cleaning, the better the starch quality.
2, the basic principle of crushing
Sweet potato starch is mainly stored in the fleshy part of the root tuber, and only a small amount is stored in the endothelium. The purpose of disintegration is to destroy the tissue structure of sweet potato, so that tiny starch particles can be disintegrated smoothly and separated from root tuber. Starch released from cells is called free starch; What remains in the cells inside the dregs is called bound starch. Crushing is one of the most important processes in fresh potato processing, which is related to the flour yield and starch quality of fresh potatoes.
3. Basic principles of screening
Sweet potato residue is a kind of slender fiber, with larger volume, larger expansion coefficient and lighter specific gravity than starch granules.
4. Basic principles of desanding and refining
The specific gravity of mud and sand is greater than that of water and starch particles. According to the principle of specific gravity separation, cyclone sand removal can achieve ideal results. Refine and further refine starch.
5. Concentration principle
The starch is separated from water, protein and fine fiber, so that the starch concentration is increased, the starch quality is improved, the number of sedimentation tanks is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.
6, the basic principle of dehydration
After concentration or precipitation, starch still contains more water and can only be dried after further dehydration.
7, the basic principle of drying
At present, the whole process of airflow drying widely used in starch factories is completed instantly, so the moisture in starch particles has been dried before gelatinization, so gelatinization or degradation will not occur.
Airflow drying is a concurrent drying process, that is, the concurrent process of wet powder material and hot airflow, which consists of two processes: heat transfer and mass transfer. When wet starch comes into contact with hot air, hot air transfers heat energy to the surface of wet starch, and then from the surface to the inside, which is a heat transfer process. At the same time, the moisture in wet starch diffuses from the inside of the material to the surface of the starch in liquid or gaseous state, and then diffuses from the surface of the starch to the hot air through the gas film, which is a mass transfer process. That is, the high-temperature airflow and wet starch exchange heat evenly in the drying tube, so that the dried starch is powdery, and can be packaged and put into storage after cooling.
Description: This equipment can be used for starch processing of sweet potato, potato, cassava, kudzu root, fern root and banana taro, as well as flour milling of vermicelli and vermicelli.