1, garden, greening and landscape construction enterprises;
2. Real estate development companies;
3, the Bureau of Landscape Architecture, urban construction and other administrative or industrial departments;
4, large enterprises and institutions own greening management;
5. Public welfare units such as parks;
6. Review of civil servants;
7. Postgraduate entrance examination and examination of national urban landscape designers;
8. engage in education;
9. Journalists and staff applying for professional publications;
10, forest protection, tourism, forest recreation, resource planning and design, etc.
1 1, landscape engineering supervision, etc.
Question 2: What positions do landscape design companies have? Interior design is very different from landscape design.
In addition to the application of garden sketches, landscape design should also have a certain plant foundation, otherwise the landscape can not be discussed.
The biggest difference between landscape design and interior design is the sense of scale. Indoor data is completely useless in landscape, and the construction technology is different, but they are all designed. If you want to learn gardens and make up the knowledge of plants, there should be no problem in understanding the construction technology of the next garden.
The designers, draftsmen and project managers you mentioned may all go to the construction site, but at different times.
Project manager: Long-term resident in the construction site, mainly managing landscape construction projects, guiding contractors' work and communicating with designers.
Designer: on-site investigation, on-site investigation, construction technical guidance, and going to the site according to work needs.
Draughtsman: Designers need to go to the construction site with them to undertake the work related to drawing.
Question 3: What are the positions related to landscape design? If it is a relatively large landscape company, the division of departments and positions will be more clear. Among them, the design department is closely related to the specialty, and then divided into the scheme department and the construction drawing department. The scheme is divided into creative designers, hand-drawn, text, Sue, etc. The construction drawing department is more clear, divided into greening and civil engineering. Going to a small company will involve doing something, and the nature of the work is more comprehensive.
Question 4: What is the task of landscape design? 1. Accept the task.
1. The customer and the company reached a design agreement by phone or face to face, and the leader gave us the design task. We accepted the task and analyzed it (in various ways).
2. Show Party A some cases that the company has done, and let Party A know about us.
Second, the field investigation
1, location, topography, landforms, water supply and drainage (earthwork volume) and soil layer thickness (mountain city) of the base status analysis project; Landscape design and landscape matching of buildings, buildings, etc.
2. Analysis of landscape resources: existing natural landscapes, plant varieties and their places.
3. Traffic and regional analysis of existing roads, entrances and exits, squares, etc.
4, local history, cultural landscape analysis of geography, climate, hydrological data, customs, customs and habits.
5. Plan the architectural design concept, analyze the style and overall layout. Must have local characteristics, such as: Qingdao's architecture, clear water and blue sky, white walls and red tiles; Small bridges in the south of the Yangtze River flow people.
6, the project market positioning analysis
Third, communicate with customers (rationality analysis of design conditions and customer requirements)
1. Party A's idea;
2 new projects/renovation projects, plant varieties and functional facilities requirements;
3. Information that customers need to provide to Party A (project installation, topographic map, aerial photos, surrounding environment, original plant species and quantity, natural climate, existing water, electricity, heating layout, building red line).
Four. Party B signs a design agreement with Party A and pays the design fee deposit.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) determines the project responsible team (project leader, members and division of labor)
Conceptual design stage of intransitive verbs
(A) design analysis and organization stage
1, detailed design and analysis process
1. 1 The project includes * * facilities, nearby buildings and parking lots, main population, quantity and public transportation, existing road squares, nature, trend, elevation, width and paving materials, etc.
1.2 local accumulated meteorological data, including the lowest, highest and average monthly temperature, water temperature, humidity, rainfall, maximum rainstorm, number of cloudy days per month, wind direction, wind force, etc.
1.3 Historical evolution, culture and current utilization of land.
1.4 Scope boundary, surrounding red line and elevation, surrounding environment landscape analysis and evaluation.
1.5 Evaluation of varieties, quantity, analysis, height, coverage, scope, ground elevation, quality, growth, posture and ornamental value of existing plants and ancient and famous trees.
1.6 Facade form, plane shape, quality, height, basement elevation, area, use and architectural style of existing buildings and structures.
1.7 Type, trend, pipe diameter, buried depth, elevation, position and height of existing above-ground and underground pipelines.
1.8 Existing water surface and water system range, river bottom elevation, riverbed condition, normal water level elevation, maximum and minimum water levels, and groundwater quality.
1.9 The shape, slope, location, height and earthwork of the existing terrain. The topography, geology and soil conditions, foundation bearing capacity, internal friction angle, sliding coefficient and natural stability angle of soil slope are analyzed and evaluated.
Functional partition analysis of 1. 10
2. Determine the landscape design style according to the building and surrounding environment or Party A's intention, such as European style, Chinese style and Japanese style.
3. Analyze the guiding ideology, design concepts and principles of the thinking and positioning design.
4. Hold a seminar, collect all the information, screen the information again, and the team members put forward suggestions on scenic spot planning according to the field situation to determine the design theme.
(2) Conceptual design stage
1, design concept
2. Sketch of landscape conceptual planning
3. Description of scenic spots (manual perspective), and find some related pictures as the concept map of main scenic spots.
4. Design concept analysis text description
5. According to the conceptual general plan, draw the analysis diagram (current situation analysis diagram, functional analysis diagram, etc.). ).
(3) Communicate with customers for the second time (communicate the conceptual scheme and determine the overall design scheme)
Seven. Scheme design stage
1, modify and improve the inappropriateness of the scheme and deepen it.
2. Draw the color general plan according to the sketch (indicate the functional space, the name of the scenic spot, and mark the section position).
3. Color aerial view
4. Schematic diagram of scenic spots with text description.
5, the overall landscape design analysis diagram:
(1), hard landscape plane
(2) Soft ... >>
Question 5: What is the employment scope of landscape architecture? Graduates can engage in teaching and research of urban green space system, planning and design of various parks, scenic spots, industrial and mining areas and courtyards, field work and management, as well as garden plant breeding and flower production in urban construction departments, landscape architecture departments, scientific research institutions, universities and other enterprises and institutions.
Employment characteristics: The landscape architecture major of our college is well-known in this field and highly valued by the market, so there are a large number of enterprises and institutions that come to recruit, with high quality and optimistic employment prospects; However, its employment scope is limited, which requires students' professional skills.
Graduates' employment expectations: Due to the good employment situation of previous students, the employment expectations of landscape architecture students are high, some students are blindly optimistic, and most students locate their employment areas as big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Students pay more attention to the size of the company and vocational training.
Employment orientation: (For employers, please refer to the list of employers who came to the School of Landscape Architecture in 2006-2007)
1, landscape design and construction enterprises in various provinces and cities
This employment direction is the main employment direction of landscape architecture (including landscape architecture and urban planning) in our college. For specific units, see the attached List of National Grade A Qualified Design Units.
2. Real estate development companies
In recent years, with the warming of real estate in various places, the demand for landscape architecture graduates is increasing, mainly engaged in environmental design of residential areas, plant planting and maintenance in residential areas.
3, the provincial parks bureau and other administrative or industrial departments.
4. Construction enterprises
Mainly do landscape design of buildings.
5, large enterprises and institutions themselves greening management department
6, landscape teaching and scientific research institutions
Engaged in landscape education and research.
7, garden supervision class
Engaged in landscape engineering supervision.
8, municipal engineering class
9, parks, scenic area management department
Engaged in garden supervision and management.
10, Tourism Planning and Research Department
1 1, decoration engineering
Engaged in computer drawing.
12, nursery work
Engaged in plant cultivation and protection.
Question 6: What should landscape design do and what are the conditions? Take planning as the guide
In the rapid development of urban landscaping, detours, constructive destruction and waste of resources should be avoided. Therefore, it is of decisive significance to carry out forward-looking urban ecological garden construction planning. Scientific planning emphasizes the construction of an open urban green space system to maintain urban ecological security; Emphasize the three-dimensional utilization of public resources and improve the urban ecological environment; Emphasize the inheritance and creation of history and show the charm of the city; Emphasize the construction of a livable environment and improve the health quality of citizens. Planning should take the lead in implementing these standards.
Protecting and Rebuilding Nature in Cities
Nature in the city is rapidly disappearing. People should live poetically on the earth, but now cities are keen on unusual landscapes. The garden with permanent vitality lies in the ordinary landscape, returning to the earth, where there is endless poetry, which will make people regain poetic habitation. Gardens should take nature as a teacher, follow the laws of nature, create natural gardens, and let nature cycle to do work. We must be kind to the natural landforms, rivers, water bodies and sites in the city and apply the idea of ecological design to landscape design, construction and management. Especially in big cities where the relationship between man and land is highly tense, it is urgent to explore how to make full use of and protect natural resources.
Scientifically define "people-oriented"
Contemporary human beings stand at the top of the history of natural evolution, but human beings are only a member of nature. So far, the concept of anthropocentrism is no longer desirable. Humans do have great ability to influence nature, but none of the acts that destroy nature can escape punishment. "People-oriented" is not people-oriented, and the harmony between man and nature is the true meaning of "people-oriented". Ordinary people spend two-thirds of their life in their living environment. Landscape architects should take it as their responsibility to create a beautiful and green livable environment. The design of green space should consider people's behavior law, the landscape construction should meet people's spiritual and cultural needs, the opening and closing scale should be suitable for people's activities and exchanges, and the garden should play a good role in sheltering from the wind and rain, giving people pleasure, enlightening people, edifying their temperament and soothing their hearts, and put "people-oriented" into practice.
Reflect artistic and cultural tastes
Gardens originate from nature and are higher than nature. Garden designers should have knowledge of aesthetic art and ecology, learn from the past and learn from the present, skillfully use gardening materials, and be good at the same place. The stacked stones on the mountain have the flavor of Shan Ye, the water control and pond building have the charm of the lake pond, birds sing and insects sing, and trees move with flowers, creating a poetic urban landscape around the Bohai Sea.
Focus on the development of plant diversity
Diversity of garden species is the soul of ecological garden. Nature endows the earth with a variety of landscapes, but superficial design is keen on simplifying it, failing to realize that "species diversity" is an important natural law, and losing "species diversity" will lose the foundation for maintaining the stability of urban green space system. The ecological park should be colorful, full of green. Landscape architects should have practical experience in plant community design and create landscape diversity with plant community diversity. The diversity of plant community must be based on the dominance of native plants, adapt to local conditions, adapt to local conditions, adapt to trees and grass, and adapt to regional customs.
Highlight local characteristics as beauty
Our city is rapidly losing its memory. In 2 1 century, global integration is "assimilating" urban form. Therefore, we realize that it is the guiding ideology that we must always follow in practice to show ourselves, create landscape with the characteristics of the times and maintain the characteristics of national regional culture, and avoid losing ourselves in the wave of globalization. Local gardens, from content to form, must "grow" from the local area. Only by continuing the history of the city and inheriting local and national cultures can we maintain the permanent vitality of the city. Garden planning and design must be kind to the natural elements of the site, such as ancient trees, old parks, historical gardens, wetland water bodies, arid landscapes and scenic resources, and all garden relics and charm should be carefully preserved and excavated. Comparative advantage will make the cities around Bohai Sea present colorful personality. Bohai Sea has a vast territory with many natural and phenological differences. From the coast to the plain plateau, the altitude difference is above 1000 meters; From coastal wetlands to semi-arid plateau, the difference in precipitation is as much as twice. Regional differences are precisely the design resources that need to be developed urgently in the cities around Bohai Sea.
Building a Resource-saving Garden
We must carry out the policy of "scientific planning and building an economical city". The maximum benefit of green space is saving, the design that embodies ecological function is saving, the selection of native plants with strong adaptability is saving, the construction and maintenance of gardens with low cost and good ornamental effect is saving, and it is saving not to make quick success and instant benefit and build green at high price. "More, faster, better and cheaper" is the only choice to build an ecological park.
......& gt& gt
Question 7: What are the contents of contemporary landscape design? Landscape design work includes:
1, the software includes: AUTOCAD software drawing, Sketchup master, 3DMAX landscape modeling, Vray rendering and PS post-processing.
2. Theoretical knowledge includes: plant configuration and landscaping, material technology and construction drawing design, scheme design and theory, landscape hand-drawn design.
3. The scheme design and theory include: sketch landscape, residential landscape, park landscape, square landscape, road landscape, coastal landscape, wetland landscape and other categories of scheme design.
In addition, it also includes space division, origin analysis, vertical design drawings, lighting design, water design drawings and so on. Various schemes, as well as the cooperation between various types of work, bidding process and design considerations.
Question 8: What are the employment directions for studying landscape architecture? I am studying in Central South University of Forestry and Technology, and my major in landscape architecture includes three aspects: landscape architecture, landscape design and ornamental gardening. These three professional courses are not related, but they belong to engineering, art and agriculture respectively, and the enrollment direction and content are not the same.
After graduating from landscape architecture, I can generally engage in Dānlín landscape design, computer graphics, landscape construction, plant collocation, urban landscaping, environmental art design and so on. It is suitable for urban construction, garden management departments and related planning and design, greening projects, garden companies and other enterprises and institutions and teaching and scientific research units to engage in garden administration, garden planning and design, garden plant production and development, garden teaching and scientific research.
If you are interested in plants, I suggest you engage in garden flower fields, flower planting, organization training, project development of real estate companies, plant protection and planting in forest tourist attractions, and management of property companies;
If you are good at art, I suggest you go to architecture and landscape design institute, landscape design company, urban planning department, forest tourism scenic spot, real estate company project planning and so on.
Question 9: What are the employment directions of landscape architecture major? What can be done specifically? I can do design, draw construction drawings, renderings, budgeters, librarians, builders, buyers, bidders, maintenance-related and so on. Can be employed in * * *, planning and design institutes, scenic spots, real estate, landscape companies, etc. And I can get in touch with architecture because I have a little knowledge. Several people in my class have transferred to the construction and landscape industries. It is very important to find out what degree the degree certificate issued by your school is. There is a big difference between agronomy and engineering. Some require horticulture, a degree in agronomy, landscape design or landscape planning. This is an engineering degree. One of my classmates took the civil service exam, and the written test was the first. If the information fails, it is stuck in the degree. The professional name on our diploma is different from the name on the admission notice of that year, which makes us very hurt. Although the landscape architecture major has been upgraded to two subjects, you can choose agricultural science or engineering, but this requires school application, and I can't remedy it this time. ...
Question 10: My major is landscape design. What kind of position should I look for when I come out? Girls majoring in landscape design should find a job such as designing drawings. I don't want boys to engage in landscape architecture, but you can still do it if you are interested. If you not only study design, you can do forest purchasing.