Question 1: What kinds of production types are there? According to the production method,

1. Synthetic type. Refers to the synthesis or assembly of different components (parts) into a product, that is, the production of processing and assembly nature, such as machinery manufacturing plants, textile mills, etc.;

2, decomposition type. Refers to the decomposition of raw materials into a variety of products after processing, that is, the production of chemical properties, such as refineries and coking plants;

3. Mediation type. Refers to the production of products made by changing the shape or performance of the processed objects, such as iron and steel plants and rubber plants;

4. extraction type. Refers to the production of products extracted from underground and ocean, such as coal mines and oil fields.

an enterprise may adopt multiple production methods in its production process, and the above production types can coexist at the same time. For example, machinery manufacturing enterprises belong to and shape, but also have mediation type, such as casting and forging, heat treatment, electroplating and so on.

according to the continuous degree of production

1, continuous production. It is a long-term continuous production of one or a few products. The products produced, the process flow and the production equipment used are fixed and standardized, and there is no WIP storage between processes. For example, oil production operations in oil fields;

2. Intermittent production. The input of various elements in the production process is intermittent input. Production equipment and transportation devices must meet the needs of various product processing, and certain in-process inventory is required between processes. For example, machine tool factory, locomotive factory, light industry machinery factory, etc.

According to the source of production plan

1. Ordered production mode. It starts to organize production, design, supply, manufacture and leave the factory according to the specific ordering requirements put forward by users. The finished products produced are different in variety, specification, quantity, quality and delivery date, and are delivered to users on time according to the contract, and the finished product inventory is very small. Therefore, the focus of production management is to grasp the "delivery date", organize the connection and balance of all links in the production process according to the "period", and ensure the timely realization;

2. Inventory production mode. On the basis of forecasting the market demand, it is planned to produce, and the products have a certain inventory. In order to prevent overstock and out-of-stock, the focus of production management is to grasp the connection between supply, production and sales, organize the balance between all links in the production process according to "quantity", and ensure the comprehensive completion of planned tasks.

classification by product variety and production quantity

classification by product variety and quantity is also called classification of production types by the degree of specialization in the workplace. Under normal circumstances, the greater the output of products produced by enterprises, the fewer the varieties of products, the higher the degree of specialization of production, and the greater the stability and repeatability of production. On the contrary, the smaller the output of products produced by enterprises, the more varieties of products, the lower the degree of production specialization, and the smaller the stability and repeatability of production. It can be seen that the product output, product variety and specialization that determine the production type are intrinsically related, and thus have different influences and requirements on the technology, organization and economy of enterprises.

question 2: what are the categories of production enterprises? The categories of production enterprises are:

1, synthetic. Refers to the synthesis or assembly of different components (parts) into a product, that is, the production of processing and assembly nature, such as machinery manufacturing plants, textile mills, etc.;

2, decomposition type. Refers to the processing of raw materials into a variety of products, that is, artificial production, such as refineries, coking plants, etc.;

3. Mediation type. Refers to the production of products made by changing the shape or performance of the processed objects, such as iron and steel plants and rubber plants;

4. extraction type. Refers to the production of products extracted from underground and ocean, such as coal mines and oil fields.

an enterprise may adopt multiple production methods in its production process, and the above production types can coexist at the same time.

question 3: what are the classifications of production lines? Production line refers to the route taken by the product production process, that is, the route formed by a series of production activities such as processing, transportation, assembly and inspection from the time the raw materials enter the production site.

the types of production lines are divided into product production lines and parts production lines according to the scope, assembly line production lines and non-assembly line production lines according to the pace, and automatic production lines and non-automatic production lines according to the degree of automation.

question 4: what are the types of enterprises? In addition to manufacturing enterprises, I. Division of product industries Part I:

pillar industries

1. Electronic information: semiconductors, computers, software, communications, high definition multimedia

2. Chemical industry: fine chemicals

3. Automobile: auto parts

Part II: equipment industry

1. Machinery industry: machine tools. Semiconductor equipment, textile machinery

2, instrumentation

3, power generation and power transmission and transformation equipment

Part III: Emerging industries

1, biotechnology

2, pharmacy

3, new materials

4, optoelectronics

5, nano

6. Fine processing of food and agricultural products

2, printing and packaging

3, diamond jewelry

4, cosmetics and washing products

5, clothing

6, textiles: clothing fabrics, knitwear, bedding, etc.

7, light industry: furniture, leather products, stationery, etc.

2, service. Auto parts retail, household appliances retail, specialized retail of medicines and medical devices, chain industry

2, logistics industry: transportation industry, warehousing industry

3, convention and exhibition industry: exhibition companies

4, financial industry: financial leasing, pawn, investment management, auction and financing agency

5, catering industry: fast food service and other catering services

. Real estate: real estate development and management, property management, real estate intermediary services, decoration

8. Advertising: advertising companies, media companies

9. Information consulting services: information intermediary, market research, management consulting

Question 5: What are the categories of manufacturers? OEM (Original Equipment Manufacture) refers to a mode of "OEM production", which means that enterprises do not directly produce products, but use their own "key core technologies" to design, develop and control sales channels, and hand over specific processing tasks to other manufacturers. At this time, manufacturers are only responsible for the production part. This way is a common phenomenon gradually generated in the world after the electronic industry developed in large quantities, and it is adopted by major international enterprises such as Microsoft and IBM. The simplest example in notebook business is Foxconn's OEM for Dell. Another example is Limin Industry (HKEx 1229), which produces dehumidifiers, air fresheners and electric fans for Panasonic.

ODM (original design manufacturing) has long been a well-known OEM in the industry, which mainly refers to manufacturing according to the design of the enterprise. With the processor gradually mastering the core technology, product design with independent intellectual property rights began to appear, so ODM designed and produced by the manufacturer entered people's field of vision. The popularity of OEM and the rise of ODM reflect the development process of domestic manufacturing industry. For example, some Japanese brands of notebook computers are actually manufactured by Taiwan Province manufacturers. Afterwards, Taiwan Province notebook computer manufacturers can mass-produce under their own brand names as long as they modify some design details. The reason is that they do ODM instead of OEM for these Japanese brands. Of course, we can say that they are all produced from the same production line.

obm (original brand manufacturing) original brand manufacturers create their own brands, that is, they operate their own brands on behalf of factories. Because OEM's OBM is supported by a perfect marketing network, the cost of channel construction is very high, and the energy spent is far higher than that of OEM and ODM, and it often conflicts with its own OEM and ODM customers. Therefore, in order to ensure the interests of large customers, OEM usually rarely does OBM in a big way.

Question 6: What are the types of factory enterprises? 1. State-owned enterprises refer to non-corporate economic organizations whose assets are owned by the state and registered according to the Regulations on the Administration of Registration of Chinese People and Chinese Enterprises as Legal Persons. Excluding wholly state-owned companies in limited liability companies. 2. Collective enterprises refer to economic organizations whose assets are collectively owned and registered in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Registration of Enterprise as a Legal Person. 3. Private enterprise: refers to a profit-making economic organization invested and established by a natural person or controlled by a natural person and based on wage labor. Including private limited liability companies, private joint-stock companies, partnerships and wholly-owned enterprises. (From October 1, 2111, individual income tax will be levied on partnership enterprises and sole proprietorship enterprises instead of enterprise income tax). 4. Joint venture: refers to an economic organization composed of two or more enterprises or institutions with the same or different ownership, which are jointly invested on the principle of voluntariness, equality and mutual benefit. V. Limited liability company: refers to an economic organization registered in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Registration of Enterprise Legal Persons, with more than two shareholders and less than 51 shareholders contributing capital, each shareholder is limited to the company with the amount of capital subscribed, and the company is liable for its debts with all its assets. Including wholly state-owned companies and other limited liability companies. 6. A joint stock limited company refers to an economic organization registered in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Company Registration, in which all its registered capital consists of equal shares and capital is raised by issuing shares, and shareholders are limited to the company with the shares subscribed, and the company is liable for its debts with all its assets. 7. Joint-stock cooperative enterprise: refers to a collective economic organization based on the cooperative system, in which the employees of the enterprise share capital and absorb a certain proportion of social assets, and operate independently, assume sole responsibility for profits and losses, work together, manage democratically, and combine distribution according to work with dividends according to shares. 8. Other organizations with income from production and operation and other income: refers to institutions, social organizations, private non-enterprise units and other organizations that have been approved by relevant state departments and registered according to law.

question 7: there are several types of production in mechanical manufacturing, which can be generally divided into three types: single-piece production, batch production and mass production.

It can also be divided into processing with supplied materials, OEM, ODM and complete machine manufacturing.

Question 8: What are the classifications of manufacturing operation and management? What are the management characteristics of different production types? (1) Features of mass production operation types 1. Advantages of mass production operation types: design, technology, production organization and production management 2. Benefits that mass production can bring to enterprises. Business Administration Professional Knowledge and Practice and Lectures on Business Administration for Economist Examination Production operation management is the management of the design, operation and maintenance process of production operation system, which includes planning and operation activities. Operation management has increasingly developed into a strategic and comprehensive management. In the final analysis, the development of an enterprise depends on the market competitiveness of its products, and the result of production, operation and management plays a decisive role in the product competitiveness. Because of this, production operation and production operation management are paid more and more attention as a new strategic weapon of competitive advantage. Establishment and development of production operation management theory and method system for multi-variety and small batch production operation mode. The traditional mode of small variety and large batch production is gradually being replaced by the mode of multi-variety and small batch production. The pattern of integration of production operation and management has been further strengthened. Management is separated from production and operation activities and plays a role as an independent function, which is a progress in the history of human development. Establish and develop production operation criteria under the guidance of market and social marketing concepts. The concept of marketing and the concern of social marketing emphasize that the market is the starting point and the end point of the enterprise's production and operation activities, and operation management unifies the actual situation of the enterprise, meets the needs of users and social interests, which embodies the idea of sustainable development. Second, the development trend of production operation management 1. Production action strategy In the past, people thought that production action was only to implement the company's strategy, and there was no production strategy at all. With the acceleration of economic globalization, the production action strategy has not only been recognized, but also been mentioned in an important position. In the global economic situation, production action management is to optimize the allocation of resources around the world, to manufacture personalized products and provide personalized services with the lowest possible cost and the fastest response speed. Without the successful implementation of the production action strategy, the overall strategy of the enterprise can not be realized. 2. Business process reengineering is essentially to improve the efficiency and quality of service to customers in order to gain a competitive advantage. Adam? Smith's theory of division of labor emphasizes improving the efficiency of enterprises and improving the utilization of internal resources. Obviously, under the important task of the implemented market, it will not bring competitiveness to enterprises. 3. Lean production (LP) is a researcher of the International Automobile Project Team of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Crawford gave the Japanese automobile industry the name of the production mode station. The word "lean" is used because compared with mass production, LP only needs half the staff, half the production site, half the investment, half the design time, half the new product development time and much less inventory to produce products with higher quality and more varieties. Precision production is not only an idea, but also a new mode of production. The English word "lean" means that people or animals are thin and have no fat. The translation of "fine production" reflects the original intention of "lean" and the essence of lean production. Excess inventory in enterprises is like excess fat in human body. Excessive inventory takes up production area, plant, equipment, materials, personnel, time and funds. Fine meaning includes quality. High-quality products can provide better functions, more reliable performance and longer service life while consuming the same amount of physical and chemical labor and living labor conditions. This is essentially a high utilization rate of resources. Precision production mode has been widely used in manufacturing industry, especially in automobile industry, and achieved the best results. 4. Supply chain management In an uncertain environment, any enterprise can only have advantages in a certain aspect for a certain period of time. In order to win in the competition, give up