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Dali, the earliest cultural birthplace in Yunnan.
Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture is located in the west of central Yunnan Province, with an altitude of 2090 meters. It is adjacent to Chuxiong Prefecture in the east, Pu 'er City and Lincang in the south, Baoshan City and Nujiang Prefecture in the west and Lijiang City in the north. It spans 98 52 ~10103 east longitude and 24 41~ 26 42 north latitude. Patrol Erhai Lake in the east and Cangshan Mountain in the west, covering 8 counties including Dali, Xiangyun, Midu, Binchuan, Yongping, Yunlong, Eryuan, Heqing, Jianchuan and Yangbi.

Located in the low latitude plateau, the temperature difference between the four seasons is not big, and the dry and wet seasons are distinct. The climate is dominated by low-latitude plateau monsoon, and the most representative scenic spots in China are butterfly spring, Cangshan Mountain, Erhai Lake, Dali Ancient City and Chongsheng Temple.

The development of history

Dali has a long history and is one of the earliest cultural birthplaces in Yunnan. According to documents, in the 4th century AD, the ancestors of the Bai nationality thrived here, producing many clans and tribes, which were called "Kunshu" in history books, creating a splendid Neolithic culture.

Before 22 1, the Qin dynasty began to operate the southwest and set up administrative agencies in the southwest. Since then, the central dynasty has ruled Dali.

In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Han Dynasty (BC 109), tens of thousands of Bashu soldiers in the Western Han Dynasty resisted fatigue, soaked and retreated, "led the troops in Yunnan" and "Wang Dian" surrendered to the Han Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty set up Yizhou County in the area ruled by Wang Dian. In the same year, the Han Dynasty sent Guo Chang and Wei Guang to attack the "Kun" department in Dali to stop the Chinese envoy. In the fourth year of Feng (BC 107) and the sixth year of Feng (BC 105), he led the troops to attack the "Kunming" tribe twice and "merged with Kunming the following year". There are four counties in Dali, namely yeyu, Yungui, Xielong and Subi, which belong to Yizhou County. Since then, Dali has been formally incorporated into the territory of the Han Dynasty.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dali was under the jurisdiction of Yongchang County. Yeyu, Xielong, Yunan and Subi, which were established in the Western Han Dynasty, remained unchanged, and Bonan County (now Yongping) was newly established.

From 220 to 280 AD, Yunnan, Guizhou and southwest Sichuan were now called Nanzhong, which was a part of Shu.

In 265 AD, the Western Jin Dynasty was established. In order to strengthen the rule of Yunnan, the Jin Dynasty established Ningzhou in the seventh year of Taishi (27 1), which was divided into south, middle and four counties, and was established by Shu Han.

During the Southern Dynasties, the Central Plains was in a feudal separatist situation, and Yunnan was ruled by Song, Southern Qi, Liang, Northern Wei, Western Wei and Northern Zhou. Judging from the administrative establishment of Yunnan at that time, although the imperial court changed frequently, it basically followed the establishment system of the Western Jin Dynasty, that is, the three-level system of state, county and county. The state capital is Ningzhou, and the county setting changes greatly.

In 479 AD, Xiao Qi Dynasty ruled Ningzhou after Liu and Song Dynasties. During the 23 years of the dynasty's rule, it sent four Ningzhou secretariat and the last one, Yi and Ning secretariat. According to the Annals of Nanqi County, Dali Prefecture is divided into Yunnan County, Dongheyang County, Xiheyang County and Yongchang County in Ningzhou. Yun (Binchuan) and Xielong (Weishan, Nanjian and Yangbi) are two counties in Yunnan. Dongheyang (Dali Fengyi) and yeyu (Dali Xizhou) belong to Dongheyang County. Su County (Yunlong) belongs to Xiheyang County; Bo County (Yongping) belongs to Yongchang County.

In the fifth year of Emperor Wendi (585), Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty appointed Wei Chong as the general of Nanning, and set up Duke Zhou, Xiezhou and Zhou Kun in Yunnan.

The management of Dali in Tang Dynasty began in the fourth year of Wude (62 1). Tang sent envoys to Erhai Lake area and invited the barbarian department to be stationed in Kunming. In the seventh year of Wude (624), Wei Shi, the governor of the state department, sent 500 troops to Hull. "Even eight States and seventeen counties were awarded the governor as a shepherd."

According to the Records of Geography of the Old Tang Dynasty and Geography of the New Tang Dynasty, in the early Tang Dynasty, today's Dali Prefecture belonged to the Governor's Mansion of Rongzhou and the Governor's Mansion of Yaozhou on Jiannan Road respectively.

In the middle of the 7th century, six large ethnic tribes appeared in Erhai area, which was called "Six Kings" in history. These six imperial edicts are: Meng She imperial edict, Meng Nai imperial edict, Shilang imperial edict, Langqiu imperial edict, Dengqiu imperial edict and Yuexie imperial edict.

In 1930s, Nanzhao and Liu Zhao unified the Erhai Lake area with the support of the Tang Dynasty. According to the New Tang Book Nanzhao Biography, its area is "located between Yongchang and Yaozhou, south of Tieqiao." During this period, Nanzhao successively accepted the titles of Ci Shi, Taideng County King, Yunnan King, Nanzhao King and Yunnan King appointed by the Tang Dynasty.

From the eighth year of Tianbao (749) to the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754), the "Tianbao War" broke out between Nanzhao in the Tang Dynasty. In the following 40 years, Nanzhao continued to expand its territory, and established a border from western Guizhou to northern Vietnam in the east, Xishuangbanna in the south, northern Myanmar in the west, Shenchuan in Tubo (now Lijiang) in the northwest and Huqu in the northeast.

In the late Nanzhao period, the powerful minister was in charge of state affairs, and the power struggle within the court was fierce. Gan Ning was stationed for four years (897), and Zheng Buyi, the powerful minister of Nanzhao, killed Wang Longshun of Nanzhao. Two years later (902), Tang Zhaozong killed Shun Huazhen, the son of Changshun, and his youngest son, and killed 800 members of Nanzhao royal family under Wuhua building, seizing Nanzhao regime and claiming to be the prime minister and country.

In the fourth year of Hou Ganhua (9 14), Dachang and Guoguo went out of Sichuan and suffered a heavy defeat. In the second year of Tiancheng at the end of the Tang Dynasty (927), the powerful minister Jianchuan celebrated the destruction of Gan Yang's great factories, and made Zhao Shanzheng, a Qing official, king, claiming to be a rich country. 10 months later, Yang Ganzhen once again abolished Zhao Shanzheng, became king on his own, and declared justice and peace.

In the second year of Jin Tianfu (937), Duan Siping joined forces with the 37th Department of East Yunnan to March into Dali, overthrowing Dayi Ningguo and establishing Dali. Dali basically inherited the boundary of Nanzhao. Dali ruled Yunnan for more than 300 years, during which it was named "the king of eight countries in Yunnan" by the Song Dynasty.

In A.D. 1253, Kublai Khan led Yuan soldiers from Ningxia into Gansu, passed through Liupanshan, assembled in Lintao (southern Gansu), and then entered northwest Sichuan, where they were divided into three roads. Kublai Khan personally led the troops in the middle road and crossed the Dadu River, "crossing the valley for more than 2,000 miles", from today's Yanyuan and Yongsheng to the Jinsha River, and "crossing in skins" to today's Lijiang border. Kublai Khan led the army to capture Jianchuan and Heqing, and advanced on Dali City from Shangguan. When the city was broken, Gao Xiang of Dali was killed, and Wang Duan of Dali fled to Dianchi Lake. /kloc-in the spring of 0/54, Kublai Khan led the army north, and Uriyangqatai stayed in Yunnan.

In A.D. 1254, he continued to March and successively settled four counties in five cities, eight states and thirty-seven counties in Wu and Bai of Dali. Wang Duanzhi was captured in Kunze (now Yiliang) and died in Dali.

In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (1274), the Yuan Dynasty appointed Sai Dianchi as the Pingzhang official of Yunnan and came to establish a province in Yunnan. Saichi cancelled the original military establishment of thousands of households, thousands of households and hundreds of households, and set up roads, prefectures and counties instead, and set up various roads in Yunnan Province, including 37 roads, 2 prefectures, 54 prefectures and 47 counties, as well as Yunnan, Zhai and military and civilian prefectures. The establishment of Yunnan Province in the Yuan Dynasty marked a big step forward for the central government's rule over Yunnan, forming a unified situation of government decrees that "if the province has orders, it will spread all over the world, and if the county has demands, it will reach the province". In the Yuan Dynasty, Dali Prefecture in Yunnan Province now belonged to Dali Road, Heqing Road, Wei Chu Road and Yunlong Hall. Dali Road: In the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty (1270), the Yuan Dynasty and Dali's 20,000 houses were Dali Road, which was located in today's Dali City, with one county, two houses and five states.

176, Yunnan officially became the name of provincial division.

In the fifteenth year of Wu (1382), the Ming army attacked Dali City, and the court was appointed as the political envoy of Yunnan and other places, with a satrap rate.

In the Qing Dynasty, today's Dali Prefecture belonged to Zhili Hall of Dali Prefecture, Lijiang Prefecture, Yongchang Prefecture and Huameng Prefecture respectively. When E Ertai was governor of Yungui, he carried out a large-scale "changing land into streams", and Dali was placed in the inland of Yunnan. Volume 755-79000, eight years: "The version is based on its land, but refined, creating Yunnan, Chuxiong, Lin' an and Dali as inland; Places outside Yuan Genghe and Yongchang, such as Luanchuan and Cheche, are all in the southwest, just like the scenery of Dianchi Lake in old Chengdu. "Dali Prefecture is the office of Yixi Road, the magistrate of Dali Prefecture, and is in charge of the lawsuit of 4 states and 3 counties 1 long. State: Zhaozhou, Deng Chuan, Binchuan, Yunlong; Counties: Taihe County, Yunnan County and Langqiong County; Long lawsuit: Twelve long lawsuits.

19 1 1 year, after the "99 Uprising" in Kunming, the military government of Yunnan Province was established. Dali belongs to West Yunnan Road, and then Tengyue Road.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), 1,1in February, 950, Dali Commissioner's Office was established, covering Guanguan, Dali, Fengyi, Deng Chuan, Binchuan, Xiangyun, Yunxian, Mianning, Shunning (Fengqing), Yongping, Yangbi, Yunlong and Eryuan.

From 65438 to 0956, Yunxian County, Myanmar County and Shunning County were placed under Lincang, and Lijiang Heqing County and Jianchuan County were placed under Dali.

1956165438+1October 22nd, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture was established, and Shimonoseki was designated as the capital of the autonomous prefecture.

1958 Quanzhou county-level administrative divisions were greatly adjusted, and Quanzhou governed one city, four counties and one autonomous county. Cancel Yunlong County and merge into Yongping; Cancel Xiaguan City and Dali, Fengyi and Yangbi counties, and merge to establish Dali City; Binchuan and Midu counties were revoked and merged into Xiangyun County; Deng Chuan and Eryuan counties were revoked and merged into Jianchuan County; Revoke Weishan Yi Autonomous County and Yongjian Hui Autonomous County and merge Weishan Yi Hui Autonomous County.

196 1 year, Dali was abandoned, and Xiaguan, Dali (including Fengyi), Yangbi, Eryuan (including Deng Chuan), Yunlong, Midu and Binchuan were restored. Quanzhou has one city, ten counties and one autonomous county.

1983, Xiaguan City and Dali County were revoked and merged into Dali City. From 65438 to 0985, Yangbi County was changed to Yangbi Yi Autonomous County. To 1988, Quanzhou has jurisdiction over 1 8 counties and 3 autonomous counties in the city. Namely: Dali City, Yangbi Yi Autonomous County, Xiangyun County, Binchuan County, Midu County, Nanjian Yi Autonomous County, Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County, yong ping, Yunlong County, Eryuan County, Jianchuan County and Heqing County. The capital is in Dali.

By 2000, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture had jurisdiction over 1 city and1county, namely Dali City, Heqing County, Yangbi Yi Autonomous County, Xiangyun County, Binchuan County, Midu County, Nanjian Yi Autonomous County, Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County, yong ping, Yunlong County and Eryuan County.

2016165438+1On October 22nd, people of all ethnic groups in Dali celebrated the 60th anniversary of the establishment of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Dali National Fitness Center Square.