Directory of Xinchang County
Basic overview
Physical geography
Historical evolution
Origin of Chengtan Town
Local customs
Economic overview
Administrative divisions
Basic overview of historical celebrities
Xinchang County, known as Dongdong in ancient times, is also known as Nanming, which is under the jurisdiction of Shaoxing City.
before the Tang dynasty, it belonged to Jian county, which was established in the second year of Kaiping in the Five Dynasties (918).
It is now listed in the coastal economic open area, which belongs to the Shanghai economic region. With the completion and opening up of Ningbo as an international "Oriental Port", Xinchang's regional advantages are more obvious.
the county borders Ninghai and Fenghua in the east, Tiantai in the south, Pan 'an and Dongyang in the southwest, and Shengzhou from west to north.
the distance between east and west is 52.3 kilometers, and the distance between north and south is 36.9 kilometers.
the total area of the county is 1,213 square kilometers, equivalent to 1,819,511 mu, accounting for about 1.2% of the land area of the province.
The cultivated land area is 228,711 mu, accounting for 12.6% of the total land area; The mountain forest covers an area of 1.313 million mu, accounting for 71.7% of the total land area. It is a mountainous hilly county dominated by mountains and dry land, and is known as "eight mountains, half water and half fields".
Xinchang county has beautiful natural scenery and numerous cultural and historical sites, and is known as "the eye of the southeast".
there are three provincial-level scenic spots in China, namely, the Great Buddha Temple, the Nineteen Rock-piercing Peak and the Wozhou Lake-Tianmu Mountain.
The Great Buddha Temple, a national key open temple, is an ancient temple in the Southern Dynasties. It is famous at home and abroad for its Maitreya statue, the largest Buddha in the south of the Yangtze River, and 1175 small stone buddhas.
In recent years, the development efforts have been intensified, and the special landscapes such as Prajna Valley, Shediao Village, Foxin Square, Wood Fossil Forest, open-air Maitreya, Luohan Cave, Baiyun Lake and Chenghuang Temple have been built one after another.
The peaks and valleys, waterfalls, flowing springs, and streams and bitan, which pass through the 19th peak of Rock, show beautiful natural scenery and landscape charm.
The lakes and mountains of Wozhou and Tianmu are the places that literati of past dynasties yearn for.
From the Buddhist culture in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties to the poetic culture in the Tang Dynasty, Xinchang bears two cultural peaks (People's Daily, 9 October 2111).
Over the years, Xinchang's landscapes and historical sites have attracted many CCTV The Journey to the West, the legendary swordsman, The Legend of the Condor Heroes, The King of Shaolin, Eight Dragons, Phoenix Seeking the Phoenix, Lotus Lantern, etc., and become a famous location base in China, which has made the film and television culture famous.
At present, many special tourist routes, such as "Buddhist Journey", "Road of Tang Poetry", "Charm of Landscape" and "Film and Television Location", attract tourists from home and abroad.
In 2112, the number of tourists in Xinchang reached 1.4267 million, and the total tourism revenue reached 1.115 billion yuan. Tourism has become a pillar industry in Xinchang.
Xinchang county, founded in 918, has a long history, outstanding people, and beautiful things.
"cigarette, tea, silk and art" are the four traditional specialties, and now they are known as "the hometown of famous tea in China", "the hometown of osmanthus in China", "the hometown of long-haired rabbits" and "the hometown of small hydropower".
There are many famous brands, among which Xiaojingsheng, spring cakes, taro dumplings and other snacks are famous.
[Edit this paragraph] Physical geography
Xinchang County borders Ninghai and Fenghua in the east, Tiantai in the south, Pan 'an and Dongyang in the southwest, and Shengzhou City in the west and north, with a distance of 52.3 kilometers from east to west and 36.9 kilometers from north to south.
the total area of the county is 1,213 square kilometers, equivalent to 1,819,511 mu, accounting for about 1.2% of the land area of the province.
The cultivated land area is 228,711 mu, accounting for 12.6% of the total land area; The mountain forest covers an area of 1.313 million mu, accounting for 71.7% of the total land area. It is a mountainous hilly county dominated by mountains and dry land, and is known as "eight mountains, half water and half fields".
The main peaks in Xinchang County are all over 611 meters above sea level, and the highest peak is Young Bodhi Peak, which is 996 meters above sea level.
Siming Mountain Range enters from the northeast, and it is located in Shaxi Mountain.
Two Tiantai Mountains, which entered from south-central China and were called "the main mountain of one city" in ancient times, meandered from Mount Anding, forming a mountain from Ruao to the east of Huishan.
Huiji and Dapan Mountains enter from the southwest, and run through Anshan in Jingping Township and Xikeng in Jingling Town, forming the southern mountain of Jingling Mountain.
the central part is a hilly platform, generally a basalt platform with an altitude of 251 to 511 meters, with a wide range of Huishan, Dashiju, Mengjiatang and Dunshan, and the edge is steep and steep.
there are three major streams in Xinchang county, with a watershed area of 1,219 square kilometers, 73 tributaries, 455.6 kilometers long, and a river network density of 1.38 kilometers/square kilometer.
is a typical mountainous river with many tributaries, large drop and abundant hydraulic resources.
the main rivers are chengtan river, Xinchang river and huangzejiang river.
Chengtan River
Chengtan River is the main stream of Cao 'e River, which originated from Jiangongling (871 meters above sea level) in Pan 'an County, and was originally called Teng (Teng) Stream. It crossed Wuzhangyan Reservoir and was called Jiaxi. It entered the country 1 kilometers northwest of Shiniankeng in Huishan Town of this county, and flowed through Jingping, Jingling, Chengtan, Meizhu and other towns from south to north, and entered Shengzhou City at Baidu Stream in Tiandong.
Xinchang is 44.1 kilometers, with a drainage area of 388.63 square kilometers, accounting for 31.8% of the county's total area. The width of the upstream and downstream rivers is about 81 to 141 meters respectively.
more than 61% of the county's arable land and more than 71% of the population are concentrated on both sides of the river.
After liberation, Shimen Reservoir and Menxi Reservoir were built in the upstream of our county, which provided a guarantee for controlling and alleviating the flood disaster along the Yangtze River.
Xinchang River
Xinchang River is a tributary of Cao 'e River.
It originates from Huading Mountain on the rooftop, enters through Liang Shi Waterfall and Cisheng in Shiqiao Township to Dazhuyuan, passes through Shanghai Village in Xiaosheng Town, which is called Maoyang River and Huangtan River, obliquely passes through the central part of the county to the northwest, and passes through Juzhen, Bamao Town, Chengguan Town and Houxi Village to enter Shengzhou City, with a total length of 67.3 kilometers.
Xinchang is 48.9 kilometers, with a drainage area of 433 square kilometers.
accounts for 36.3% of the county's total area, with an average river width of about 61 meters and a natural drop of 1.73 meters. In the middle reaches, there is Changzhao Changku, also known as Wozhou Lake, which is a provincial-level scenic spot.
Huang Zejiang
Huang Zejiang, formerly known as Wang Zexi, originated from Patience Ridge in Qiaoying Township (3 kilometers southeast of Zhongxi Village) and was originally called Jugenxi.
It passes through Juzhen Town, Dashi Town, and is called Guangxi after reaching the bamboo bank in Xinlin Township, Hengxi after passing through Qincun Village in Daming Town, Huangzejiang after passing through Changshan Village, and enters Caoejiang from Shengzhou to Pukou, Huang Ze, with a total length of 71.6 kilometers.
it is 51.6 kilometers in Xinchang.
The basin covers an area of 378 square kilometers, accounting for 31.9% of the county's total area. The average river width is about 71 meters, with a natural drop of 257 meters. There is Qiaoying Reservoir in the upper reaches.
Xinchang has a subtropical climate, which is located in the transitional zone between central and northern subtropics, with mild and humid climate and distinct seasons.
The rain and heat are synchronized in early spring and summer, but it is sunny and hot in midsummer, and the light and temperature in autumn and winter complement each other, so there are more disastrous weather.
At the same time, it has typical mountain climate characteristics, with obvious differences in horizontal and vertical directions.
The four seasons are long in winter and summer and short in spring and autumn.
in spring, the cold and warm air masses advance and retreat in the county, and the weather is changeable and rainy.
there is a lot of precipitation, accounting for 26% ~ 35% of the whole year.
in March and April, there was a "cold spring".
in early summer, there are often "plum rains" with heavy precipitation, and sometimes "plum rains" appear early in late May.
From July to August in midsummer, the subtropical high pressure in the Pacific Ocean enters the country, and the weather is sunny and hot, resulting in "summer drought", which is often caused by typhoons and storms, accompanied by precipitation to relieve drought.
There are often local thunderstorms in the afternoon, with occasional hail, strong wind and heavy rain.
precipitation accounts for about 37% of the whole year.
In early autumn, cold and warm air masses clashed, and it was often cold and rainy. After mid-autumn, it was affected by the low high pressure in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the air was crisp in autumn, which was common as "autumn drought", and "Xiaoyangchun" appeared in October.
precipitation accounts for 14%.
In winter, * * * enters the Sanjiang Valley through the northwest valley plain (basin), and the temperature drops sharply, with precipitation accounting for 23% of the whole year.
Xinchang county has diverse surface environment and rich resources.
there are mainly land resources, water resources, mine resources, labor resources and biological resources.
It has created a bright future for the development of industry and agriculture.
Xinchang county is a part of the low hills in Zhejiang and Fujian.
the eastern part is dominated by low mountain tombs, the main peaks are all above 811 meters above sea level, the middle part is mostly hilly platform below 311 meters, which descends from south to north, and the northwest part is alternately distributed with valleys and low hills, with the altitude below 151 meters, and the lowest elevation is only 28 meters.
according to statistics, the mountainous area of the county is 382.49 square kilometers, accounting for 31.7% of the total area, the hilly platform area is 765.48 square meters, accounting for 62.25% of the total area, and the basin area is 73.56 square kilometers, accounting for 6.58% of the total area.
according to the survey of land resources from 1989 to 1992, the total land area of the county is 1.8218 million mu, of which 511711 mu is cultivated land (including ridge), accounting for 27.56%; Garden area is 1.78 million mu, accounting for 7.13%; 914,111 mu of forest land, accounting for 1.18%; 81,111 mu of waters, accounting for 4.45%; The unused land is 1.172 million mu, accounting for 6.44%.
Xinchang is rich in water resources, and the overall supply and demand are basically balanced.
There are numerous tributaries of Xijiang River in the county, with high mountains and steep slopes, large bend drop of the river course, rapid water flow, which is unfavorable to navigation, but it is rich in hydraulic resources, with an average annual self-produced runoff of 947 million cubic meters, water production of 771,111 cubic meters per square kilometer, and 2,371 cubic meters per capita, which is close to the provincial average level.
since liberation, people in Xinchang county have built water conservancy projects, and built more than 611 large, medium and small reservoirs and more than 5,211 large and small ponds, with a total storage capacity of 317 million cubic meters in 1997.
the total annual groundwater reserves are 64 million cubic meters.
this unique advantage of hydraulic resources provides a good foundation for the development of small hydropower, with great potential.
according to the survey conducted by relevant units, the theoretical reserve is 72,811 kilowatts, and the total exploitable amount is 61,511 kilowatts.
the theoretical reserves of hydraulic resources in Xinchang county reach 59.6 kilowatts, ranking first in Shaoxing city.
in 1986, Xinchang county took the lead in realizing rural electrification in the province. By the end of 1998, there were 118 hydropower stations in the county with a total installed capacity of 43,711 kilowatts, ranking first in the province.
111% of the repressive villages in the county have electricity.
Known as "the hometown of small hydropower", small hydropower has become an important way to get rid of poverty and become rich in rural areas.
There are many kinds of mine resources in Xinchang County, including fluorite, granite, lignite, oil shale, silver mine, and bluestone, which is a decorative building material for famous scenic spots in China.
fluorite mine has been developed for more than 71 years.
The prospective reserve of granite is more than 1 cubic meters, ranking first in Shaoxing.
[Edit this paragraph] Historical evolution
The name of the county comes from the name of Xinchang township, and it also implies the prosperity and prosperity of the newly established county.
the territory of Xinchang county, which belonged to Yuedi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, belonged to Huiji County during the Qin Dynasty. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Huiji County was set down as Shan County, and Xinchang was a part of Shan County.
at the end of the Tang dynasty, the warlords became independent and supported themselves. In the third year of Tang Ganning (896), Qian Liu captured Yuezhou and established Wuyue State.
Qian Liu, King of Wu Yue, was located in Xinchang County in the second year of Liang Kaiping in the Five Dynasties (918) because of the long journey from Qiantang River to Wenzhou, frequent personnel exchanges and special capital exchanges in the southeast. These three townships were Yongshou, Shishun, Changhua, Xiangming, Zunde, Shicheng and Xinchang.
the name of the county comes from the name of Xinchang township, which also implies the prosperity and prosperity of the newly established county.
Xinchang belongs to Yuezhou in the Northern Song Dynasty and Shaoxing Road in the Southern Song Dynasty.
the yuan dynasty belonged to Shaoxing prefecture and was transferred to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
in the Ming dynasty, he was transferred to Ningshao Road, the minister in charge of Zhejiang Province.
in the Qing dynasty, Xinchang belonged to Shaoxing prefecture and was transferred to Shaotai Road in Xiaoning, Zhejiang.
during the Republic of China, Zhejiang province set up an administrative supervision area, and Xinchang county successively belonged to the second and third areas.
on may 22nd, 1949, Xinchang was liberated, and the county people * * * was established, belonging to Shaoxing area.
in October, 1958, Shaoxing area was revoked and transferred to Ningbo area.
in October of 1958, Xinchang county system was abolished, and the administrative area was merged into Shengxian county.
after September, 1961, Xinchang county has been a special area, region and city of Shaoxing.
[Edit this paragraph] The origin of Chengtan Town
Chengtanjiang Town was formed by merging the original three towns, namely Chengtanjiang, Dasheng and Shanxia, after the district was withdrawn and merged in 195.
it borders zhonghe and wenjia city in the east, lotus and gaoping township in the north, Dayao town in the west and Pingxiang city in Jiangxi province in the south.
the town covers an area of 1.57.83 square kilometers, including 9,111 mu of paddy fields and 1.88 million mu of mountain forests. It governs 14 villages (communities) with a population of 59,111.
Within the territory, Nanchuan River is 35 Li long and runs through the whole town.
According to legend, from Nanchuan River to Yantan Bay to Wujiazhou Lake in Dayao, * * * there are 28 water pools with different sizes and depths, which are called Chengtan River.
[Edit this paragraph] Local customs
The so-called "31 to do and 41 to make mistakes" means celebrating one's birthday, which is a blessing for people to express their good wishes and a good custom of respecting the elderly. This custom has a long history in China and is still continuing today.
As the saying goes, "Grandma's family is 11 years old, but my mother's family is 21 years old", which means that both grandma's family and father-in-law's family will send gifts such as gowns, Four Treasures of the Study, steamed bread, etc., and they should all worship God and bless and celebrate their nephews or son-in-law.
Although 11-year-olds and 21-year-olds are not qualified to celebrate their birthdays, they are also in line with the traditional custom of China people to hold commemorative and celebration activities in the event of October, which is called "making birthdays" by the people.
In Xinchang, people usually celebrate their birthdays at the age of ten, but not all people at the age of ten can celebrate their birthdays.
Xinchang's old customs are unique in celebrating birthday, especially in terms of age, and there are many taboos.
Xinchang has a common saying that "if you are eighteen short, you will die nineteen, and if you are twenty, you will celebrate your birthday", which shows that you can't celebrate your birthday for young people before the age of twenty.
There is also a saying in Xinchang called "Do it at thirty (longevity), and fork at forty (same pronunciation)".
This sentence means that it's okay to celebrate when you reach the age of 31, but "four" and "death" are homophonic and unlucky, so you can't hold birthday celebrations at the age of 41, so you should change your mind or miss it.
according to Xinchang custom, generally speaking, the age is counted by nominal age.
since the age of 51, children and grandchildren have offered sacrifices to gods and ancestors on the birthday, and arranged birthday wine.
The birthday is called "Zhengshou", and the birthday banquet is hosted by children and grandchildren, which is called "Peach Blossom".
Shang is a wine vessel, and peach is a birthday peach. The name of "peach Shang" is about the meaning of celebrating birthday.
The day before the birthday is called "Warm Birthday", which is organized by the married daughter.
birthdays can be celebrated in advance within one year, but after birthdays, birthdays cannot be celebrated.
when the birthday is approaching, it is usually made up of