1. The importance of diet to hypertension: Food is the most important thing for people. A reasonable diet can make you neither fat nor thin, and your cholesterol is neither high nor low.

2. The diet of patients with hypertension should be taboo:

(1) carbohydrate food:

Suitable for food-rice, porridge, noodles, noodles, Ge Fen, soup, taro and soft beans.

Foods that should be avoided-sweet potatoes (food that produces abdominal qi), dried beans, and biscuits with strong flavor.

② protein food-beef, lean pork, white meat fish, eggs, milk, dairy products (fresh cream, fermented breast milk, ice cream, cheese), bean products (tofu, natto, bean powder, oily tofu).

Foods to avoid-high-fat foods (pork belly, ribs, whales, herring, tuna, etc. of cattle and pigs. And processed products (sausages).

③ high-fat food

Suitable for food-vegetable oil, a little cream, salad dressing.

Foods to avoid-animal oil, lard, bacon, sardines soaked in oil.

④ Vitamins and mineral foods

Suitable food-vegetables (spinach, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, lily roots, pumpkins, eggplant and cucumbers) and fruits (apples, oranges, pears, grapes and watermelons).

Seaweed and fungi should be cooked before eating.

Foods to avoid-vegetables containing hard fiber (burdock, bamboo shoots, beans)

Highly irritating vegetables (spicy vegetables, mangoes, mustard greens, onions, mustard greens)

⑤ Other foods

Suitable for food-light fragrant tea, yeast milk beverage

Foods to avoid-spices (Chili, curry powder)

Alcoholic beverages, salted food (adult vegetables, adult fish eggs)

Kimchi, coffee

Three Dietary Habits that Patients with Hypertension Should Pay Attention to

First of all, we should control energy intake, advocate eating complex sugars, such as starch and corn, and eat less glucose, fructose and sucrose. These sugars are monosaccharides, which are easy to cause hyperlipidemia.

② Limit the intake of fat. Choose vegetable oil when cooking, and you can eat more marine fish. Marine fish contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can oxidize cholesterol, thus reducing plasma cholesterol, prolonging platelet aggregation, inhibiting thrombosis and preventing stroke, and contains more linoleic acid, which has a certain effect on increasing microvascular elasticity, preventing vascular rupture and preventing hypertension complications.

③ Appropriate intake of protein. The daily protein of patients with hypertension is per kilogram of body weight1g. Eating fish protein 2-3 times a week can improve blood vessel elasticity and permeability, increase urinary sodium excretion, and thus lower blood pressure. If hypertension is complicated with renal insufficiency, the intake of protein should be limited.

④ Eat more foods rich in potassium and calcium but low in sodium, such as potatoes, eggplant, kelp and lettuce. Foods with high calcium content: milk, yogurt and shrimp skin. Eat less broth, because the increase of nitrogen-containing extract in broth can promote the increase of uric acid in the body and increase the burden on the heart, liver and kidney.

⑤ Limit the salt intake: it should be gradually reduced to less than 6g every day, that is, after the rubber pad is removed from the ordinary beer lid, the salt in a flat lid is about 6g. This amount refers to the amount of salt, including the total amount of sodium converted into salt in edible salt and other foods. Proper reduction of sodium intake is helpful to lower blood pressure and reduce the retention of sodium and water in the body.

6. Lots of fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat no less than 8 Liang of fresh vegetables and 2 to 4 Liang of fruits every day.

⑦ Appropriately increase the intake of seafood: such as kelp, laver, seafood fish, etc.

Second, moderate exercise.

The importance of exercise to hypertension: There is a saying: "You can exchange health for money when you are young, and you can exchange health with exercise when you are old." Exercise can not only promote blood circulation, reduce cholesterol production, but also enhance the stiffness of muscles, bones and joints. Exercise can increase appetite, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation and improve sleep. Have the habit of continuous exercise: it is best to do aerobic exercise to assist. Aerobic exercise can lower blood pressure and lose weight, such as walking, jogging, Tai Ji Chuan, cycling and swimming.

1, exercise precautions:

(1) don't be too strong or too tired, take a step-by-step way to increase the amount of activity.

2 pay attention to the surrounding environment and climate: summer: avoid the time when the sun shines at noon; Winter: Keep warm to prevent stroke.

Wear comfortable and sweat-absorbent clothes: Choose cotton fabrics and sports shoes.

④ Choose safe places: such as parks and schools, not in the driveway or roadside.

⑤ When exercising, don't eat on an empty stomach to avoid hypoglycemia. It should be 2 hours after dinner.

2, the taboo of sports.

Stop exercising when you are sick or uncomfortable.

② It is not advisable to exercise when you are hungry or one hour after a meal.

(3) Don't stop immediately during the exercise, and follow the steps of the exercise plan.

(4) If you feel uncomfortable during exercise, stop immediately.

Quit smoking and limit alcohol.

Smoking can lead to high blood pressure. Studies have shown that after smoking a cigarette, the heart rate increases by 5 per minute.

-20 beats/min, systolic blood pressure increased 10-25mmhg. Why is this? Because nicotine contained in tobacco leaves will excite the central nervous system and sympathetic nerve, make the heart rate faster, and at the same time, it will also prompt the adrenal gland to release a large amount of catecholamine, which will make the arterioles contract and lead to an increase in blood pressure. Nicotine also stimulates chemoreceptors in blood vessels, which reflexively leads to an increase in blood pressure. Long-term heavy smoking will also promote atherosclerosis of the aorta, and the intima of the arteriole will gradually thicken, which will gradually harden the whole blood vessel. At the same time, because the content of carbon monoxide hemoglobin in smokers' blood increases, the oxygen content in blood decreases, the intima of arteries is anoxic, and the oxygen content of arterial wall fat increases, which accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis. Therefore, quitting smoking for people without hypertension can prevent the occurrence of hypertension, and people with hypertension should quit smoking more.

Compared with smoking, the advantages and disadvantages of drinking alcohol are controversial. From time to time, there are various reports, some say that a small amount of drinking is beneficial and some say it is harmful, but one thing is certain, a large amount of drinking is definitely harmful, and high concentration of alcohol will lead to arteriosclerosis and aggravate high blood pressure.

Fourth, psychological balance.

The psychological manifestations of patients with hypertension are nervousness, irritability and emotional instability, which are the causes of high blood pressure. Patients can cultivate good adaptability to the natural environment and society by changing their own behavior, avoid emotional excitement and excessive tension and anxiety, and be calm when things go wrong; When you have a lot of mental stress, you should find ways to release it, talk to your relatives and friends or encourage you to take part in relaxing extracurricular activities, and devote your spirit to music or flowers to keep you in the best state, so as to keep your blood pressure stable.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) manages itself.

1, measure blood pressure regularly, at least every 1-2 weeks.

2. The treatment of hypertension should adhere to the "three hearts", namely confidence, determination and perseverance. Only in this way can we prevent or delay the damage to important organs of the body.

3. Take antihypertensive drugs regularly. If you don't reduce or stop taking medicine at will, you can adjust it under the guidance of a doctor and combine your current condition to prevent blood pressure from rebounding.

If possible, you can bring your own sphygmomanometer and learn to measure your blood pressure yourself.

Besides taking proper medicine, we should also pay attention to the combination of work and rest, pay attention to diet, exercise properly, keep emotional stability and get enough sleep.

6. The blood pressure of the elderly should not be rushed, and the blood pressure should be controlled at 140- 159mmhg to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.

7, the elderly take norepinephrine nerve endings blocking drugs to prevent postural hypotension.

8. There is no need to strictly prohibit sexual life: pay attention to the following situations, which are not suitable for sexual life. 1 Don't have sex immediately afterwards. Sexual life should be forbidden after drinking. If you feel dizzy, chest tightness and other discomfort, stop sexual life and seek medical advice in time.

See a doctor on time.

① After taking the medicine, the blood pressure rises or falls too low, and the blood pressure fluctuates greatly. ③ If you have dizziness, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, hemiplegia, aphasia, disturbance of consciousness, dyspnea, limb weakness and other symptoms, you should go to the hospital immediately. In case of critical illness, please call the emergency center at 120.