First, the seedling method of green vegetables
It is suitable for direct seeding when the temperature is high, and can be transplanted after sowing when the temperature is low.
1. First, water the pot soil, mix the seeds with the fine soil and spread it on the soil surface. Cover the seeds with a little soil, not too thick. Spray the topsoil with a spray to keep it moist. Generally, germination takes about 3-4 days, and it takes about 1 week when the temperature is low. You can also use the on-demand method, 2-3 capsules per hole, with a spacing of about 3-5 cm. The time interval can be shorter when the temperature is high and slightly longer when the temperature is low.
2. Keep the soil moist at seedling stage, and water it in the morning and evening when the temperature is high 1 time. After 2 weeks of germination, spray 1 diluted decomposed organic fertilizer with water.
3. 4-5 real leaves can be transplanted and planted, and the plant spacing depends on the variety size, generally around 15-20 cm. Watering after planting, slightly shading, and normal management after survival. If transplanting is not needed, it is necessary to start thinning seedlings and leave larger seedlings. The principle of thinning seedlings is to make the distribution of seedlings more uniform, and rows can be selected many times until the spacing is appropriate. Topdressing 1 times decomposed organic fertilizer after each thinning.
Second, the cultivation methods of green vegetables in spring
1. Variety: For vegetables cultivated in spring, winter varieties should be selected to avoid bolting. Generally, varieties such as March Slow, April Slow and May Slow are selected in Shanghai.
2. Seedling raising: Make the seedling raising land into a 2-meter-wide border (flat ditch), and use decomposed organic fertilizer 1000kg per mu. Sow in the first ten days to the last ten days of 10, and the dosage of seeds per mu is 0.3 kg, which is even and practical after sowing. After emergence, interplanting should be done for 2 ~ 3 times, and appropriate topdressing should be applied. When the seedlings grow to 6-7 true leaves, they can be planted in the field.
3. Soil preparation: After ploughing in the field, apply 50 kilograms of special compound fertilizer for vegetables per mu as base fertilizer, and make a border (even ditch) with a width of 2.5 meters for planting.
4. Greenhouse seedling raising is slower in March than in1late October, and slower in May than in early February to late March. The plant spacing is 10 15cm in March, 15 15cm in April and 1520cm in May.
5. Field management: topdressing once after planting live trees, and applying 5 kilograms of urea per mu. Apply it for the second time before the warehouse is closed, and apply 7.5 kilograms of urea per mu. Pay attention to prevent aphids in March.
6. Harvesting: Harvesting in open field in March is slower than that in late February to late March, harvesting in greenhouse in April is slower than that in late March to early April, and harvesting in May is slower than that in late April to early May. Remove the roots with a kitchen knife and clean vegetables will be on the market.
Third, the cultivation methods of green vegetables in summer
1, variety: select varieties with strong heat resistance and good quality as summer sowing varieties, such as Kangreqing No.3, Wanghua, 605, etc.
2. Soil preparation: apply 40 kilograms of special compound fertilizer for vegetables per mu as base fertilizer, and make a border (flat ditch) with a width of 2 meters to make the border deep and high, so as to facilitate irrigation and drainage.
3. Sowing: Sow Chinese cabbage (called Chinese cabbage cultivated in summer) in batches from mid-June to early August, and spread it evenly. The amount of seeds depends on the purpose of cultivation, and the amount of seeds used as Chinese cabbage cultivation is 2.5 ~ 3 kg per mu. The seed consumption of "one sowing and three selling" is 1.2 ~ 1.5 kg. The seed consumption of vegetable seedlings is 1 kg. Insect-proof nets and sun-shading nets can be used to cover the whole breeding process, so as to achieve the purpose of using less drugs and not using drugs.
4. Field management: Chinese cabbage can be planted in cotyledons in time, with a seedling spacing of 3 cm, and then the seedlings are thinned after the true leaves appear, with a seedling spacing of 12 ~ 14 cm. Topdressing after each thinning, and applying 6 kilograms of special compound fertilizer for vegetables per mu each time. Generally, transplanted Chinese cabbage is sown in late July, and the seedling age is 25 days. Transplanting is carried out in cool weather, the seedlings are pulled out in the afternoon, and then planted after 3 pm, and the density is 12 ~ 14 cm square. Master the principle of light watering and frequent watering, and water before 8 am and after 5 pm to prevent vegetables from rotting. Attention should be paid to the control of aphids, Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella.
Fourth, the cultivation methods of green vegetables in autumn
1. Variety: Generally, relatively virus-resistant varieties such as Aikangqing and Xinqingqing are selected.
2. Seedling raising: clear the seedling raising site and sow in batches from early August to late September, with the sowing amount of 0.5-0.75 kg per mu. Water 1 ~ 2 times a day after sowing. 2 ~ 3 times after emergence, the final seedling spacing is 3 cm square.
3. Soil preparation is the same as spring ploughing.
4. Planting: The planting time is generally from the first ten days of September to the first ten days of 165438+ 10, and the plant spacing is 2025 cm. Water immediately after planting.
5. Field management: topdressing for the first time after living trees, applying 5 kilograms of urea per mu, and topdressing again before closing trees. Water or irrigate in time in case of drought, and pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids and virus diseases.
6. Harvest: According to different planting periods, the harvest period is also different. Those planted in September can be harvested in 25-30 days. It takes about 40 days to harvest 5438+1October planted in the first half of June, and 45 days to harvest 5438+1October planted in the second half of June to the first half of June165438+1October.
Five, the winter cultivation methods of green vegetables
1. Variety: generally choose evergreen in winter and slow growing in February.
2. Seedling raising: Seeding and seedling raising from late September to early October of 10, with sowing amount of 0.4-0.75g per mu and proper topdressing at seedling stage.
3. Land preparation: the same as spring ploughing.
4. Planting: The planting period of winter vegetables is from the beginning of June 1 1 to the end of June of the following year 1. When planting, plant deeply and densely. In order to avoid freezing injury, the general plant spacing is 8 15 ~ 17 cm.
5. Field management: It is basically the same as spring ploughing. Cold protection measures can be strengthened, and the floating surface can be covered with non-woven fabrics.
6. Harvest: Winter vegetables grow slowly, and it takes 80 ~ 90 days from planting to harvest, which can be advanced or postponed according to market conditions.