The ancestor of Xiao Zhuan-Li Si
Reese (280 years ago? —208 years ago), Chu Shangcai (now southwest of Shangcai, Henan Province) was born. A famous politician, writer and calligrapher in the Qin Dynasty. In the contention of a hundred schools of thought, Lisi was a student of Xunzi and later became a representative of Legalism. When he was young, he first worked as a small official in managing documents in the countryside, and later studied with Xun Qing as Tingwei. He assisted Ying Zheng in unifying the whole country and establishing the Qin Dynasty. During the reign of Qin Shihuang, Li Si was appointed Prime Minister.
Before the unification of Qin Dynasty, due to the long-term separatist regime of vassal states, there was a situation of abnormal language and writing. Qin Shihuang always hoped to have a standard font to replace the popular variant characters, so he called Lisi.
If you are good at calligraphy, give him the task. Li Si simplified the seal script and sorted out a set of characters with simple strokes and neat glyphs, which was called Qin Zhuan. After reading these new books, Qin Shihuang was very satisfied, so he set them as standard fonts and ordered them to be used nationwide.
Xiao Zhuan, also known as Qin Zhuan, is the symmetry of Da Zhuan, which gives people a feeling of flexibility, roundness and health, and plays a great role in standardizing Chinese characters. The appearance of Xiao Zhuan is a great progress in the history of Chinese character development.
At that time, people were not familiar with the structure of Biography, and it was difficult to write it satisfactorily. Li Si, Zhao Gao, Hu Wu and others wrote examples of Cang Xie, Ji Li and erudition for everyone to imitate. After Li Si and Zhao Gao conspired to support Qin Ershi's ascension, they were framed by Zhao Gao for remonstrance, and were sentenced to the death penalty of "five punishments" and "on beheading Xianyang" by the dissolute Qin Ershi.
One year before Qin Shihuang's death, in October of the 37th year (2 10 BC), accompanied by Li Si, the prime minister of Zuo, and his youngest son Hu Hai, he went to Yunmeng (now Hubei) in the south and went down the river to visit the Dayu Temple in Huiji Mountain. Li Si was ordered to eulogize Qin De, the crimes of the Six Kingdoms, the laws and regulations of the Ming Dynasty, and the correct customs, and personally wrote with Xiao Zhuan, carving stones and erecting monuments. Stylistically, this article is an inscription with four words and one sentence, three sentences and one rhyme. Solemn and concise, it is a masterpiece of inscription style. The day after Reese was ordered to finish writing overnight, he picked a stone carving on the ridge and stood at the top of Mount Emei (later called carved stone mountain) in Huiji. This is the famous Huiji stone carving in history. It is said that the stone carvings written by Li Si include Mount Tai, Langya, Yishan and Huiji.
Emperor Xiulie, Ping, Dehui Youchang. For 37 years, I have traveled around the world personally and looked far away. Then go to a meeting, announce the customs of this province, and go to Zhaizhuang, Guizhou. The ministers counted the merits and deeds and pursued the road brilliantly. Qin Sheng came to China, decided the name of punishment, and showed the old chapter. At the beginning of the French method, we must judge other positions in order to establish an unchanging position. The six kings are expert and greedy, leading the people to strengthen themselves. Abuse arrogance, negative arrogance, and scold soldiers. Yin communicated with envoys, followed things together and acted as a monarch. The interior decoration is deceitful and invades the border, which leads to disaster. Punish it with righteousness, suppress violence, and the thief dies. Shengde is vast and dense, in Liuhe, boundless. The emperor and Yu listen to everything, far and near. Managing things and testing facts have their own names. In Chen Qian, whether you are noble or not, whether you are a good man or not, you have secrets. Decorate the province to declare righteousness, marry and have children, and die disloyal. Stay away from inside and outside, forbid fornication, and be honest with men and women. A husband is a gift, but he is innocent when he is killed, and a man is righteous. If the wife escapes from marriage, the child is not a mother, salty and clean. Dazhi and customs, the world inherited the wind, was suspended. They all obey the rules. They are peaceful and encouraging. The first step is to repair the shackles, people are happy with each other, and Jiabao is peaceful. After worshipping the Dharma, you will rule infinity forever, and the ship will not tilt. Read the fierce from the minister, please carve this stone, and the light will hang. -Inscription of "Carving Stone in Huiji"
After the Song Dynasty, the original carved stone was lost. In the fifty-seventh year of Qing Qianlong (1792), Li Hunte, the magistrate of Shaoxing, carved the rubbings of Shen Tu Kuai on the original stone with his old collection, which is now in the collection of Shaoxing Cultural Management Office. The stone tablet is eight feet seven inches high and four feet four inches wide. It is engraved with twelve lines of seal script, each with 24 words, and three lines of official script inscriptions, totaling 60 words.
Yishan stone carving
The first 2 19 Lisi book is 218cm high and 84cm wide.
Due to the age, the original stone was burned by wildfire. This stone was carved by Zheng Wenbao in the fourth year of Chunhua, Song Taizong (AD 993) according to the rubbings of the original stone, and Zheng Wenbao inscribed it on the tablet. There are many copies of Yi Mountain Engraving Stone, among which the first one carved by Xu Xuan in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Song Dynasty is the best. Now it is in Xi 'an Forest of Steles.
In the 28th year of Qin Shihuang (2 19 BC), when he visited Yishan in Taoxian County (now southeast of Zouxian County, Shandong Province), he was full of passion. Li Si immediately wrote a seal character and sent someone to carve a stone tablet on Mount Yi. This is the famous "Yishan Stone Carving" in Qin Dynasty. The original stone was destroyed by Cao Cao when he climbed the mountain.
Li Si said: When writing, the pen should rotate quickly, and the painting should be folded quickly, like an eagle swooping and hovering. Collecting a pen is like swimming for water, and raising a pen is like climbing a mountain. The weight and volume of strokes should be natural, generous and beautiful. It can be seen from "Yishan Stone Carving" that Lisi's calligraphy is vigorous and smooth, with rounded lines, symmetrical structure and even stippling thickness, which has both the beauty of patterns and the tendency of flying. The superb skill of calligraphy conceals the antecedents and disperses the later sages, making it difficult for all people who write biographies to enter their territory and become good copies for future generations.