Nowadays, the value of wild vegetables has doubled. People are looking for their favorite wild vegetables in Tanabe and Shan Ye. Picking wild vegetables at one time has become a leisure fashion.

There are more than 300 kinds of wild vegetables in China, among which there are more than 100 kinds with high nutritional content.

Wild vegetables can be divided into completely wild and domestic. In fact, there is not much difference between domestic wild vegetables and wild wild wild vegetables, but the taste is stronger in the wild state. There are many kinds of wild vegetables, which are generally picked and eaten by people, at least a dozen of them. Wild vegetables can not only enrich the dining table, but also be a good medicine for preventing and treating diseases. Dandelion has the function of clearing away heat and toxic materials, and is a delicious food for patients with diabetes and hepatitis. Portulaca oleracea can diminish inflammation and detoxify, prevent dysentery, and has a unique curative effect on gastritis, duodenal ulcer and oral ulcer. Shepherd's purse can clear liver, improve eyesight, stop bleeding, regulate spleen and stomach and lower blood pressure. Mainly used for dysentery, hepatitis, hypertension, gynecological diseases, eye diseases, measles in children and so on. There is a folk saying that shepherd's purse is a panacea. Amaranth has the function of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and can be used to treat dysentery, enteritis, bladder stones, goiter, sore throat and so on. Bitter vegetables have the functions of clearing away heat, cooling blood and detoxifying, and can be used to treat dysentery, jaundice, anal fistula, snake bite, etc. The effect of grey vegetables is to eliminate dampness, detoxify and kill insects. It is used for itching or eczema. Pteridium aquilinum has the functions of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, invigorating qi and nourishing yin, and can be used for treating high fever, dizziness, muscle pain and dysuria.

Collecting wild vegetables not only has the function of health preservation, but also has material harvest, which is a good way to keep fit. First of all, picking wild vegetables can practice your eyes, bend over and stare at a piece of new green, and you can clearly feel your eyes. Secondly, you should squat down from time to time, which is good for moving your waist and legs. Wild vegetables have always been regarded as an ideal medicine with the same origin of medicine and food, and have the reputation of natural food and health food. Today, when people return to nature, fresh and pollution-free wild vegetables are gradually favored by people. "Home cooking is not as fragrant as wild vegetables." When you are tired of eating high-fat food, you might as well selectively eat some fresh wild vegetables for a change, which will greatly increase your appetite and be beneficial to your health.

Three kinds of wild vegetables help to prevent cancer.

Wild vegetables are nutritious and cheap, but they also help prevent cancer.

Dandelion is mainly composed of dandelion, dandelion sterol, dandelion picroside, pectin, inulin and choline, which can prevent and treat lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and various tumors.

The main components of pure vegetables are amino acids, asparagine, fucose, arabinose, fructose and so on. For example, the back secretion of pure vegetable leaves can inhibit some metastatic tumors and prevent and treat various tumors such as gastric cancer and prostate cancer.

Houttuynia cordata Thunb Also known as broken ears. Its main component is houttuynin. Houttuynia cordata Thunb Used in mice with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, it has obvious inhibitory effect. The highest inhibition rate of mitosis of cancer cells is 45.7%, which can prevent and treat gastric cancer, cardiac cancer and lung cancer.

Matters needing attention in eating wild vegetables

When you eat wild vegetables in spring, you must remember:

First, the wildness of wild vegetables may harm the body. Most of the wild plants in the hillside wilderness are considered as staple vegetables, which cannot be eliminated from the diet after long-term life choices. Except some wild vegetables have special medicinal value, most wild vegetables can't be compared with domestic plants in taste and nutrition. Moreover, wild vegetables are more "wild", and plant fibers are thicker and cooler. Excessive consumption will hurt the spleen and stomach.

Second, wild vegetables are not absolute "green food". According to experts, green plants can purify the atmosphere, not only adsorb dust particles and solid suspended solids in the air, but also filter harmful gases and chemical components in the air and soil. At present, in many parts of our country, production pollution, living pollution and environmental pollution are very serious. Wild vegetables growing in sewage ditches, wetlands and village tails not only absorb dust in the air, but also absorb harmful chemicals and gases in the air and soil, becoming pollutants with corresponding poisons, germs and parasite eggs. Edible wild vegetables collected in areas with serious environmental pollution still taste delicious, but at the same time toxic substances and pathogenic microorganisms are eaten into the body, which brings hidden dangers to health. So try to go to those areas with little or no pollution and pick those relatively clean wild vegetables.

Experts remind that eating wild vegetables is also particular. If you don't pay attention, it will be counterproductive and harmful to your health:

First, we should pay attention to the cooking methods of wild vegetables. It can be fried, cooled, stuffed, fried, stewed, roasted and boiled. The key is to choose different cooking methods according to the different characteristics of wild vegetables. Some wild vegetables are suitable for raw food, such as bitter vegetables and wife soup. The best way to eat it is to wash it with dipping sauce and eat it raw. There are also some wild vegetables, such as shepherd's purse and horsetooth, which should also be cooked.

Chicory dipped in soy sauce is eaten raw, bitter and fragrant, and has a refreshing taste; Chop shepherd's purse and mix it with meat stuffing, wrap it in jiaozi, steam steamed bread and bake pies, all of which are delicious, delicious and fragrant; Milk grass, water celery and Malantou should be boiled and eaten cold to remove bitterness; Day lily, Toona sinensis, bracken, etc. It can be dried or salted, so it is very convenient to carry around. Others, such as agrimony, bitter cold vegetables, mugwort, etc., can be soaked in water to remove juice before frying; Flat bamboo vegetables, bamboo leaf vegetables, etc. You can steam it with corn flour, which is fragrant and memorable.

Many wild vegetables, such as wild amaranth, willow bud, wild alfalfa, Ailanthus altissima, etc., should be scalded with boiling water, washed with clear water several times, drained of bitter water, and then cooked and eaten. If you need to make a cold salad, you should cook it first, then drain the water, and then add vinegar and garlic, which is both seasoning and sterilization.

Second, wild vegetables should be fresh. The time interval between washing and boiling should not be too long to avoid the loss of vitamin inorganic salts. It is best not to eat wild vegetables that have been put for a long time. Wild vegetables have not only been fresh for a long time, but also have reduced nutrients and taste very bad.

Third, don't eat more wild vegetables. Because most wild vegetables are cool, it is easy to cause diseases such as spleen deficiency and stomach cold, so you must eat them in moderation.

Fourth, don't eat wild vegetables you don't know. Don't eat wild vegetables that are easily mistaken to avoid poisoning.

Fifth, some wild vegetables on trees should not be fried. There are not many kinds of wild vegetables on the tree, such as thorn buds and elm, which should be steamed or boiled in sauce. If fried, it is sticky and astringent and difficult to swallow.

Seventh, don't eat contaminated wild vegetables. The air near suburban chemical plants and other places is not good. Wild vegetables are easy to absorb chemicals such as lead, and wild vegetables near wastewater often contain toxins and are not suitable for eating.

Eighth, some wild vegetables that need to be soaked, such as wild garlic, wild spinach, wild wormwood and purslane, are slightly toxic. If they are not soaked, they will cause dizziness and stomach upset. Be sure to soak it in clear water for about 2 hours before cooking, or blanch it with boiling water to detoxify.

Ninth, there are certain taboos between some wild vegetables and drugs. People who often take painkillers, sulfonamides or allergies should be careful when eating.

This paper introduces several common wild vegetables:

purslane

Also known as Equisetum Japonicum, Equisetum Japonicum and Equisetum pentaphyllum, it is generally reddish-brown and has an inverted oval leaf thickness. It contains protein methionine, riboflavin, ascorbic acid and other nutrients. Because it contains a lot of acidic substances, it will feel a little sour to eat.

The medicinal functions of Ardisia Ardisia are clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood to stop bleeding, reducing blood sugar concentration and keeping blood sugar constant, which has a certain curative effect on diabetes. There are many ways to eat it, such as fried, cold and stuffed. Such as garlic mixed with ponytail, ponytail scrambled eggs, ponytail buns, ponytail porridge and so on.

shepherd's purse

Sporadic shepherd's purse flowers can often be seen on the edge of the field. Its dietotherapy function is to cool blood, stop bleeding, tonify deficiency, strengthen spleen, clear heat and promote diuresis. Pick some tender leaves or winter buds of shepherd's purse in spring. After blanching, it can be cold mixed, dipped in sauce, made into soup and fried. Shepherd's purse jiaozi and wonton are indispensable delicacies on the spring table, and can also be made into delicious shepherd's purse porridge.

Popoding

Also known as dandelion, its pollen contains vitamins and linoleic acid, and its branches and leaves contain choline, amino acids and trace elements. Mother-in-law's function is to clear away heat and toxic materials, reduce swelling and diuresis, have antibacterial effect, stimulate the immune function of the body, and achieve the function of benefiting gallbladder and protecting liver.

Mother-in-law can eat raw, stir-fry or cook soup after cooking, and can mix jellyfish skin and stir-fry shredded pork; Can also be paired with green tea, licorice, honey and so on. Soak a cup of green tea that can clear away heat, detoxify and reduce swelling.

Bitter herbs

Chicory, also known as chicory, has yellow and white stems; The leaves are round and lanceolate, with green surface and gray-green back; These flowers are bright yellow. Bitter vegetables are rich in potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, iron and other elements, which can clear away heat and reduce swelling, remove blood stasis and detoxify, cool blood and stop bleeding. Sophora alopecuroides has inhibitory effect on acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.

The tender leaves of bitter vegetables can be eaten, but they are slightly bitter when eaten raw. Boil with boiling water, and the bitterness can be removed. Bitter vegetables can be fried and made into soup, or they can be made into small tofu with some bean flour, or dipped in noodle sauce after scalding with boiling water. Or make sesame sauce mixed with bitter herbs, bitter herbs porridge and the like.

Edible tender leaves for braking.

Also known as bracken and faucet, it is more common in wild vegetables. Pteridium aquilinum has the functions of clearing away heat and moistening intestines, reducing qi and resolving phlegm, and inducing diuresis to soothe the nerves.

Pteridium aquilinum tastes fresh and smooth, and is known as the "king of mountain vegetables". There are many ways to eat bracken, such as frying, burning, simmering and stewing. In modern recipes, the famous dishes cooked with bracken include bracken with wood beard, bracken with dried rice, bracken fried with meat, bracken with crispy skin and so on. These dishes are favored by diners because of their rosy color, soft texture and rich flavor. When the leaves of bracken are curly, it means that they are fresh and tender, and the leaves will stretch out when they are old.

The root of platycodon grandiflorum

Also known as Cai He monk hat, its branches can open small blue flowers. We usually eat platycodon grandiflorum, which has expectorant, antitussive, analgesic, antipyretic, sedative, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-tumor and bacteriostatic effects.

Water celery

Also known as cress, cress. Oenanthe javanica is a perennial herb, which grows in marshes or wetlands, and its tender stems and petioles are used as vegetables. Oenanthe javanica is rich in vitamins and inorganic salts, among which calcium, phosphorus and iron are high. It has the functions of cleaning human blood and reducing human blood pressure and blood lipid, and is a high-grade pollution-free herbal vegetable with the same origin of medicine and food. Oenanthe javanica grows in low-lying paddy fields, basically does not need pest control, and belongs to pure natural pollution-free green vegetables. Oenanthe javanica has a long growth period and can be harvested in autumn, winter and spring. It can be eaten cold, fried with other meat dishes, or cooked with dried seaweed, shredded pork with celery, mutton with celery, jiaozi and peanuts.

Osmunda japonica

It is rich in trace elements such as protein, multivitamins, potassium, calcium and phosphorus, and also contains rare steroids and tannins that promote peeling. It has anticancer, heat-clearing and weight-reducing effects, and has obvious inhibitory effects on influenza and Japanese encephalitis. It is one of the main wild vegetable varieties exported from China to collect thick and tender green leaves in spring, fry them in boiling water, dry Osmunda japonica or pickle them.

Spiny bud

Also known as spinosa, it contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. Buds can be used for cooking and soup, and can also be pickled and processed into cans. They are nutritious, delicious and unique in flavor, and have the functions of invigorating qi, promoting blood circulation, diuresis, relieving pain and tonifying kidney.

Chinese chives

Also known as Allium macrostemon Bunge, a small root vegetable, it is irregular oval with a yellow-white or yellowish-brown surface and a prominent bulb disk at the bottom. Its stems and leaves look like garlic, but they also taste like onions and garlic. The main eating methods are bean curd mixed with small root garlic, tremella porridge with small root garlic, scrambled eggs with small root garlic and so on.

Spring vegetables

Also known as Toona sinensis bud, it is nutritious. According to the determination, every 100g of Toona sinensis contains 9.8g of protein, and the contents of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin C are among the best in vegetables. It also contains fat, crude fiber, iron, carotene, nicotinic acid and toosendanin. It has a special aromatic smell, which is delicious and lasting.

Toona sinensis can be eaten in many ways, such as cold salad, deep frying, deep frying and pickling. Toona sinensis can also be used as medicine. According to ancient medical books, Toona sinensis is cold, which has the functions of astringing the intestine to stop bleeding, invigorating the stomach and regulating qi, killing insects and fixing sperm. Modern medical research shows that Toona sinensis decoction has obvious inhibitory and bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococcus, Shigella, Typhoid Bacillus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There is a folk prescription for treating Toona sinensis: scalded Toona sinensis and mixed with soy sauce can stimulate appetite and relieve depression; Made of japonica rice and sesame oil, it can treat enteritis, dysentery and hemorrhoids.

cast

Also known as mint, it can be used as medicine or medicine. Mentha haplocalyx is a drug for expelling wind and reducing fever, and its peppermint oil is a medicinal effective component, which is often used to prevent colds and sore throat. In hot summer, mint is a good product for heatstroke prevention and cooling.

Mint can be made into mint porridge, fresh mint tofu, mint chicken breast and so on.

Several common poisonous wild vegetables:

Poisonous celery: also known as wild celery, Chinese Pulsatilla and poisonous ginseng. Born in a humid place, the leaves are like celery leaves, and white flowers bloom in summer. The whole tree has a stench. Nausea, vomiting, cold hands and feet, quadriplegia after eating by mistake, which can lead to death in severe cases.

Wild carrot and cnidium fruit: the petiole is white, the root is gray when young, and it turns pale yellow when it grows up, like carrot. The seedlings of Laogongyin are similar to those of Laogejin, which is difficult to distinguish, but the stems of Laogejin are red and odorless. Husband silver has an odor, leaves and roots are highly toxic, and eating by mistake will lead to death.

Wild land: also known as mother pig and old man who drinks. Purple flowers bloom in spring, some are yellow, and the flowers are shaped like lip-shaped sesame flowers. Yellow, hairy leaves and bitter taste. Vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness and coma after eating by mistake.

Xanthium sibiricum: Also known as Auricularia auricula, it grows in fields, roadsides and depressions. Small seedlings grow in March and April, such as soybean sprouts, and sunflower seedlings in the sun; When growing up, the leaves are thick, heart-shaped, serrated around them, and the seeds with thorns bear fruit after autumn. The whole tree is poisonous, and the buds and seeds are the most poisonous.

Stellera chamaejasme: Also known as Lysimachia christinae, it is 0.5- 1 ft high, with light yellow roots and sweet taste. Leaves linear, flowers yellow or white, purplish red. The whole tree is poisonous, and the root is the most poisonous. Vomiting, heartburn and abdominal pain after eating can lead to death in severe cases. Husband Silver: Also known as Fructus Cnidii and Wild Carrot. Roots are gray when they are young, and pale yellow when they grow up, like carrots. Petiole yellow. The seedlings of Laogongyin and the stems of Geranium chinense are red and odorless; Husband's silver smells bad, and leaves and roots are highly toxic. Eating it will kill you.

Lady Qu Cai: Roots don't die in winter, but sprout and grow seedlings in spring. The leaves are long and narrow, thick and hard, and the edges are serrated. Most of them grow near the ground and stalks after autumn, with a height of 0.5- 1 foot. The seeds are small and have white hairs on them. Miao is easy to mix with Qu Cai Miao, but Qu Cai leaves are wide and soft, and the sawtooth is not obvious. A lady's face will swell when she eats sake.

Poisonous mushrooms: there are many kinds, including common poisonous umbrellas (also known as garlic mushroom, ghost pen paste and green cap mushroom), small umbrella with brown scales, white umbrella, black umbrella with feet, green mushroom with feet, brown umbrella with feet, poisonous umbrella with residual spots and ghost pen.

It grows on rotten objects with special shapes, such as small pens and umbrellas. Bright colors, including white, red and yellow, are highly toxic. It is worth mentioning that the color, shape and ecological characteristics of mushrooms are not necessarily related to their toxins. There are many folk methods to identify poisonous mushrooms and edible mushrooms, and none of them is completely reliable after expert appraisal. Therefore, the majority of mountain friends should be extra careful when eating mushrooms. If they doubt whether they are poisonous, they will resolutely not pick them and eat them to avoid accidents.

There are also Datura stramonium (eggplant), buttercup (monkey garlic), Rhizoma Arisaematis (snake corn), red cabbage (radish), cowtongue kezi and Lycoris radiata (wild garlic), which are absolutely inedible.

It is understood that some wild vegetables are harmful to human health even if they are non-toxic. For example, gray vegetables, amaranth, alfalfa and Sophora japonica contain substances that can cause allergies. After eating, people will be exposed to the sun to induce solar dermatitis. In addition, industrial wastewater, chemical fertilizers and pesticides remain in the soil, and most wild vegetables are easily polluted, and wild vegetables collected from polluted areas are even more harmful to human health.